Harnessing Bioluminescence: A Comprehensive Review of In Vivo Imaging for Disease Monitoring and Therapeutic Intervention.

The technique of using naturally occurring light-emitting reactants (photoproteins and luciferases] that have been extracted from a wide range of animals is known as bioluminescence imaging, or BLI. This imaging offers important details on the location and functional state of regenerative cells inserted into various disease-modeling animals. Reports on gene expression patterns, cell motions, and even the actions of individual biomolecules in whole tissues and live animals have all been made possible by bioluminescence.

Clinical and molecular characteristics associated with high PD-L1 expression in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Recent evidence suggests that elevated levels of PD-L1 expression may be linked to early resistance to TKI and reduced survival in NSCLC with EGFR mutations. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and molecular features of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinomas and determine the prognostic significance associated with high PD-L1 expression.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 103 consecutive patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, who received treatment between 01/01/2016 and 30/12/2020, at our institution.

Efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas (PSC) are notorious for their poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. The literature suggests that immunotherapy might be effective against this aggressive tumor. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy, either alone or combined with chemotherapy, as first-line treatment for PSC patients.

Downregulation of hsa-miR-132 and hsa-miR-129: non-coding RNA molecular signatures of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the elderly population by causing memory impairments, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. Currently, no curative treatments exist, emphasizing the need to explore therapeutic options that modify the progression of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as non-coding RNAs, demonstrate multifaceted targeting potential and are known to be dysregulated in AD pathology.

Successive next-generation sequencing strategy for optimal fusion gene detection in non-small-cell lung cancer in clinical practice.

Metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) displays various molecular alterations in the RAS-MAPK pathway. In particular, NSCLCs show high rates of targetable gene fusion in ALK, RET, ROS1, NRG1 and NTRK, or MET exon 14 skipping. Rapid and accurate detection of gene fusion in EGFR/KRAS/BRAF mutations is important for treatment selection especially for first-line indications.

Alteration of gene expression and protein solubility of the PI 5-phosphatase SHIP2 are correlated with Alzheimer's disease pathology progression.

A recent large genome-wide association study has identified EGFR (encoding the epidermal growth factor EGFR) as a new genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. SHIP2, encoded by INPPL1, is taking part in the signalling and interactome of several growth factor receptors, such as the EGFR. While INPPL1 has been identified as one of the most significant genes whose RNA expression correlates with cognitive decline, the potential alteration of SHIP2 expression and localization during the progression of AD remains largely unknown.

Benchmarking of methods for DNA methylome deconvolution.

Defining the number and abundance of different cell types in tissues is important for understanding disease mechanisms as well as for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Typically, this is achieved by immunohistological analyses, cell sorting, or single-cell RNA-sequencing. Alternatively, cell-specific DNA methylome information can be leveraged to deconvolve cell fractions from a bulk DNA mixture.

An environmental risk assessment of IPD079Ea: a protein derived from with activity against spp.In maize.

Farmers in North America face significant pressure from insects in their maize fields, particularly from corn rootworm ( spp.). Research into proteins capable of insecticidal activity has found several produced by ferns.

Peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation at the crossroads of peripapillary myopic changes.

Aim: To analyze the prevalence of peripapillary intra-choroidal cavitation (PICC) in eyes with gamma peripapillary atrophy (γPPA), in eyes with peripapillary staphyloma (PPS) and in those combining γPPA and PPS and to analyze border tissue discontinuity in PICC.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional non interventional study included highly myopic eyes. Non-highly myopic eyes were used as control.

A Dysfunctional T-cell Gene Signature for Predicting Nonresponse to PD-1 Blockade in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer That Is Suitable for Routine Clinical Diagnostics.

Purpose: Because PD-1 blockade is only effective in a minority of patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), biomarkers are needed to guide treatment decisions. Tumor infiltration by PD-1T tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), a dysfunctional TIL pool with tumor-reactive capacity, can be detected by digital quantitative IHC and has been established as a novel predictive biomarker in NSCLC. To facilitate translation of this biomarker to the clinic, we aimed to develop a robust RNA signature reflecting a tumor's PD-1T TIL status.

Myopic (Peri)papillary Changes and Visual Field Defects.

Purpose: Myopic eyes combining gamma peripapillary atrophy and peripapillary staphyloma were sorted according to the presence of intrachoroidal cavitation (PICCs) or its absence (combinations). Visual field defects (VFDs) and factors discriminating these groups were analyzed.

Methods: These groups were sorted by optical coherence tomography.

Evaluation of an in vitro experimental platform of human polarized intestinal epithelial monolayers for the hazard assessment of insecticidal proteins.

Previous work demonstrated the utility of using human-derived intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lines cultured as polarized monolayers on Transwell® filters to differentiate between hazardous and non-hazardous proteins. The current study seeks to further resolve appropriate concentrations for evaluating proteins of unknown hazard potential using the IEC experimental platform and leverages these parameters for evaluating the potential toxicity of insecticidal proteins characteristic of those expressed in genetically modified (GM) agricultural biotechnology crops. To establish optimal test protein concentrations, effects of several known hazardous (C.

Retrospective analysis of real-world data to evaluate actionability of a comprehensive molecular profiling panel in solid tumor tissue samples (REALM study).

Introduction: Considering the growing interest in matched cancer treatment, our aim was to evaluate the ability of a comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) assay to propose at least one targeted therapy given an identified genomic alteration or signature (actionability), and to collect the treatment modifications based on the CGP test results in clinical practise for solid tumors.

Methods: This retrospective, multicentre French study was conducted among 25 centres that participated in a free of charge program between 2017 and 2019 for a tissue CGP test. Data were collected on the patient, disease, tumor genomic profile, treatment suggested in the report (related to the genomic profile results) and subsequent therapeutic decisions according to the physician's declaration.

A Rare Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bile Duct.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the biliary tract is a rare disease, comprising just 2% of all biliary malignancies. The exact etiology is poorly understood but believed to be secondary to chronic inflammation. We present a case of a patient with recurrent cholecystitis and cholangitis who developed invasive biliary squamous cell carcinoma.

Detection of Nine Oncogenes Amplification in Lung and Colorectal Cancer Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples using Combined Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Script and Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Introduction: Gene copy number variations have theranostic impact and require reliable methods for their identification. We aimed to evaluate the reliability of combined next-generation sequencing (NGS) and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) method for gene amplification evaluation.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicentric observational study.

EBV-Positive Inflammatory Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma of the Spleen: Report of an Aggressive Form With Molecular Characterization.

EBV-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV+ inflammatory FDCS) is a rare neoplasm almost exclusively located in the spleen or liver. It is characterized by a proliferation of EBV-positive spindle-shaped cells bearing follicular dendritic cell markers, associated with an abundant lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. EBV+ inflammatory FDCS is often asymptomatic or responsible for mild symptoms.

Evaluation of functional candidate biomarkers of non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogenicity in human liver spheroid co-cultures.

Validated in vitro assays for testing non-genotoxic carcinogenic potential of chemicals are currently not available. Consequently, the two-year rodent bioassay remains the gold standard method for the identification of these chemicals. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses have provided a comprehensive understanding of the non-genotoxic carcinogenic processes, however, functional changes induced by effects at transcriptional and translational levels have not been addressed.

Acute Influenza Infection Promotes Lung Tumor Growth by Reprogramming the Tumor Microenvironment.

One billion people worldwide get flu every year, including patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the impact of acute influenza A virus (IAV) infection on the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC is largely unknown. We set out to understand how IAV load impacts cancer growth and modifies cellular and molecular players in the TME.

Trackability of a high-strength thromboresistant hydrogel catheter: An In vitro analysis comparing venous catheter forces in a simulated use pathway.

As the need for vascular access devices (VADs) continues to increase, so does the need for innovative designs and materials that can improve placement and optimize patient outcomes. Commercially available peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) are in high demand due to their ease of use and low cost. However, they are constructed of materials that can contribute to vascular injury and result in complications such as clotting, catheter failure, and infection.

PICALM and Alzheimer's Disease: An Update and Perspectives.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified the (Phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin-assembly protein) gene as the most significant genetic susceptibility locus after and . PICALM is a clathrin-adaptor protein that plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and autophagy. Since the effects of genetic variants of as AD-susceptibility loci have been confirmed by independent genetic studies in several distinct cohorts, there has been a number of in vitro and in vivo studies attempting to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which PICALM modulates AD risk.

Expression of connexins and pannexins in diseased human liver.

Connexin proteins can form hexameric hemichannels and gap junctions that mediate paracrine and direct intercellular communication, respectively. Gap junction activity is crucial for the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis, while connexin hemichannels become particularly active in liver disease, such as hepatitis, fibrosis, cholestasis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. Channels consisting of connexin-like proteins named pannexins have been directly linked to liver inflammation and cell death.

Alzheimer PHF-tau aggregates do not spread tau pathology to the brain via the Retino-tectal projection after intraocular injection in male mouse models.

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), a neuronal lesion found in Alzheimer's disease (AD), are composed of fibrillary aggregates of modified forms of tau proteins. The propagation of NFT follows neuroanatomical pathways suggesting that synaptically connected neurons could transmit tau pathology by the recruitment of normal tau in a prion-like manner. Moreover, the intracerebral injection of pathological tau from AD brains induces the seeding of normal tau in mouse brain.

An interim analysis of a gestational weight gain intervention in military personnel and other TRICARE beneficiaries.

Objective: Despite military fitness regulations, women in the military frequently experience overweight/obesity, excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), and the postpartum implications. This interim analysis of the Moms Fit 2 Fight study examines GWG outcomes among active-duty personnel and other TRICARE beneficiaries who received a stepped-care GWG intervention compared with those who did not receive a GWG intervention.

Method: Participants (N = 430; 32% identified with an underrepresented racial group, 47% were active duty) were randomized to receive a GWG intervention or the comparison condition, which did not receive a GWG intervention.