Description of Noise Levels in a Pharmacy Department at a University Hospital.

Objective: Few data are available regarding noise levels in hospital pharmacies. This study mainly aimed to assess noise levels in different areas and during various activities in the pharmacy department of a tertiary care hospital affiliated with Université de Montréal in Canada and identify potential noise sources.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the pharmacy department of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine.

Black Women in Medical Education Publishing: Bibliometric and Testimonio Accounts Using Intersectionality Methodology.

Background: Black women in academic medicine experience racial and gender discrimination, all while being tasked with improving a flawed system. Representation of Black women in medicine remains low, yet they bear the burden of fostering diversity and mentoring trainees, exacerbating their minority tax and emotional labor, and negatively impacting career progression.

Objective: To complement qualitative accounts of Black women authors in the medical education literature with a quantitative account of their representation.

Understanding the epidemiology and perceived efficacy of cannabis use in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Background: The belief that cannabis has analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties continues to attract patients with chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain towards its use. However, the role that cannabis will play in the management of chronic MSK pain remains to be determined. This study examined 1) the rate, patterns of use, and self-reported efficacy of cannabis use among patients with chronic MSK pain and 2) the interest and potential barriers to cannabis use among patients with chronic MSK pain not currently using cannabis.

The State of Synthetic Cannabinoid Medications for the Treatment of Pain.

Synthetic cannabinoids are compounds made in the laboratory to structurally and functionally mimic phytocannabinoids from the Cannabis sativa L. plant, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) can signal via the classical endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) and the greater endocannabidiome network, highlighting their signalling complexity and far-reaching effects.

Exploring the effects of a repair strategies training program among children with auditory processing disorder: A pilot study.

Objectives: Children with hearing loss, as well as those with auditory processing disorder (APD), experience more communication difficulties than their normal-hearing peers. Receiving training on communication strategies has been shown to be beneficial for children with hearing loss, but little is known on the effect of such training on children with APD. The main purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effects of a repair strategies training program among children with APD.

Glenoid bone loss in shoulder arthroplasty: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Crucial to the success of any total or reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is the stability of the glenoid component fixation. Instability can lead to early implant failure and unsatisfactory results. Patients often present with varying forms of glenoid bone loss (GBL) in both the primary and revision settings, which can be a challenge for the treating surgeon.

Hearing Aid Amplification Improves Postural Control for Older Adults With Hearing Loss When Other Sensory Cues Are Impoverished.

Recent studies suggest that sound amplification via hearing aids can improve postural control in adults with hearing impairments. Unfortunately, only a few studies used well-defined posturography measures to assess balance in adults with hearing loss with and without their hearing aids. Of these, only two examined postural control specifically in the elderly with hearing loss.

The Continuous Fragility Index of Statistically Significant Findings in Randomized Controlled Trials That Compare Interventions for Anterior Shoulder Instability.

Background: Evidence-based care relies on robust research. The fragility index (FI) is used to assess the robustness of statistically significant findings in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). While the traditional FI is limited to dichotomous outcomes, a novel tool, the continuous fragility index (CFI), allows for the assessment of the robustness of continuous outcomes.

Sensory Reweighting for Postural Control in Older Adults with Age-Related Hearing Loss.

There is growing evidence linking hearing impairments and the deterioration of postural stability in older adults. To our knowledge, however, no study to date has investigated the effect of age-related hearing loss on the sensory reweighting process during postural control. In the absence of data, much is unknown about the possible mechanisms, both deleterious and compensatory, that could underly the deterioration of postural control following hearing loss in the elderly.

Surgical treatment options for articular cartilage defects of the glenohumeral joint: A systematic review.

Background: Many joint-preserving surgical interventions for cartilage defects of the knee have been adapted for use in the shoulder; however, there still exists no clear consensus for treatment. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the outcomes of different interventions in patients with focal chondral lesions of the glenohumeral joint.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Medline.

Variability in quantifying the Hill-Sachs lesion: A scoping review.

Background: Currently, is there no consensus on a widely accepted measurement technique for calculating the Hill-Sachs lesion (HSL). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the techniques and imaging modalities to assess the HSL pre-operatively.

Methods: Four online databases (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and COCHRANE) were searched for literature on the various modalities and measurement techniques used for quantifying HSLs, from data inception to 20 November 2021.

Impact of web application support versus standard management on adherence with adjuvant hormone therapy in patients treated for breast cancer: the WEBAPPAC study.

Background: Non-metastatic breast cancer treatment is mainly based on surgery, with or without chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or hormone therapy. To reduce the risk of hormone receptor positive (HR+) disease recurrence, hormone therapy is prescribed for at least 5 years. It may induce adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as joint pain, sexual dysfunction, weight increase, fatigue, mood disorders and vasomotor symptoms.

A comprehensive comparison and evaluation of surgical techniques for anterior shoulder instability: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Anterior shoulder instability is a common clinical problem; however, conflicting evidence exists regarding optimal treatment algorithms. We perform a comparative analysis of stabilization techniques used for recurrent anterior shoulder instability to identify the one associated with the lowest rate of recurrent instability. We additionally explore how glenoid bone loss and osseus lesions affect recurrence rates.

Comparing surgical outcomes of anterior capsular release vs circumferential release for persistent capsular stiffness.

Purpose: To consolidate the existing literature evaluating anterior capsular release and circumferential capsular release in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder.

Methods: The electronic databases PUBMED, EMBASE, MEDLINE and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched from data inception to October 8, 2020. Data are presented descriptively where appropriate.

Imaging in an academic orthopedic shoulder service: a report on incidental lung pathology findings.

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is often utilized for both diagnostic and pre-operative planning purposes in shoulder arthroplasty. Our study reports on the incidence of pulmonary findings in our pre-operative shoulder arthroplasty population over 14 years at our institution.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all "shoulder CT" exams ordered by two orthopedic upper extremity surgeons between the years of 2008 and 2021.

An Analysis of Shoulder Surgeon Volume on Surgeon Competency, Hospital Costs, and Adverse Events: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the impact of shoulder surgeon volume of common shoulder procedures on hospital/surgeon efficiency, adverse events, and hospital costs.

Methods: Four online databases (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL) were searched for literature on the influence of surgeon volume on outcomes for shoulder surgery, from data inception to October 1, 2020. The Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies tool was used to assess study quality.

The role of preoperative opioid use in shoulder surgery-A systematic review.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests preoperative opioid use may increase the risk of negative outcomes following orthopedic procedures. This systematic review evaluated the impact of preoperative opioid use in patients undergoing shoulder surgery with respect to preoperative clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, and postoperative dependence on opioids.

Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL were searched from inception to April, 2021 for studies reporting preoperative opioid use and its effect on postoperative outcomes or opioid use.

Healthcare Costs for Medicare Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an increasing mortality in the United States and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. We aimed to estimate the financial burden related to HCC in a large nationally representative United States cohort.

Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER)-Medicare database to identify 4525 adult patients who were diagnosed with HCC between 2011 and 2015.

Medical Cannabis Use and Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines Among Adult Chronic Pain Patients.

Utilizing cannabis as a therapeutic option for chronic pain (CP) has increased significantly. However, data regarding the potential immunomodulatory effects of cannabis in CP patients remain scarce. We aimed at exploring the relationship between cannabis use and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines among a cohort of CP patients.

Supra-threshold deficits in normal hearing military recruits exposed to impulse noise.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of impulse noise exposure on various proxy measures of cochlear synaptopathy in young military recruits. A total of 27 military recruits with exposure to firearm and artillery noise and 13 non exposed participants were recruited. All presented with normal hearing thresholds and the presence of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).

A systematic review of clinical outcomes for outpatient vs. inpatient shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Outpatient shoulder arthroplasty is growing in popularity as a cost-effective and potentially equally safe alternative to inpatient arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate literature relating to outpatient shoulder arthroplasty, looking at clinical outcomes, complications, readmission, and cost compared to inpatient arthroplasty.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 6 April 2020.

Earbox, an open tool for high-throughput measurement of the spatial organization of maize ears and inference of novel traits.

Background: Characterizing plant genetic resources and their response to the environment through accurate measurement of relevant traits is crucial to genetics and breeding. Spatial organization of the maize ear provides insights into the response of grain yield to environmental conditions. Current automated methods for phenotyping the maize ear do not capture these spatial features.

Assessing Bone Loss in the Unstable Shoulder: a Scoping Review.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this scoping review is to identify and summarize findings published in the literature over the past 5 years related to methods for assessment of bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.

Recent Findings: Of the 113 clinical studies included in this review, 76 reported a cutoff for glenoid bone loss when determining the patients indicated for one of the many stabilization procedures investigated. Bone loss on the glenoid side was evaluated most commonly with three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT), and either linear or surface area-based methods were employed with the use of a best-fit circle.

Evaluation of Trends in Knee Arthroscopy from 2004 to 2019 in Ontario, Canada.

BACKGROUND: How changes in recommendations for the use of knee arthroscopy have influenced real-world practice remains unclear. We assessed temporal trends in knee arthroscopy volume, costs, and rates of progression to knee arthroplasty following arthroscopy in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We used diagnostic codes from population-based administrative databases from Ontario, Canada, to identify patients who underwent knee arthroscopy from April 1, 2004 to March 31, 2019.