Clinical reactions and serologic responses in healthy children aged six to 35 months after two-dose regimens of inactivated A/New Jersey/76 influenza virus vaccines.

In collaborative clinical trials, two-dose regimens of four monovalent A/New Jersey (NJ)/76 influenza virus vaccines were evaluated in 89 children aged six to 35 months. Clinical reactions to vaccination consisted primarily of low-grade fever. Rectal temperatures of between 100 F and 102 F occurred less frequently after inoculation with split-product vaccines (seven [23%] of 31 children) than whole-virus vaccines (19 [33%] of 58).

Reactivity and immunogenicity of monovalent A/New Jersey/76 influenza virus vaccines in children.

This paper presents the methodology of the multicenter collaborative clinical trials that evaluated monovalent A/New Jersey/76 influenza virus vaccines in healthy children six months to 18 years of age and describes the experience involving 264 children six months to 10 years of age in Omaha, Nebraska. Results indicated that chidren can be safely and effectively immunized with carefully adjusted two-dose regimens that take into account the differences between split-virus and whole-virus vaccines and between the two whole-virsu vaccines.

Photosensitization of the lens by 8-methoxypsoralen.

During the past decade, ambient ultraviolet radiation has been implicated in the age-related increase in fluorescence and pigmentation of the human lens nucleus. 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) (currently in vogue for the treatment of psoriasis) is a well-known photosensitizing agent. This drug lar fluorescence (360/440 nm.

A method for detecting 8-methoxypsoralen in the ocular lens.

The use of 8-methoxypsoralen for treating psoriasis could prove hazardous if this photosensitizing agent enters the ocular lens. Phosphorescence spectra of intact rat lenses reveal concentrations of 8-methoxypsoralen on the order 10(-5)M after intraperitoneal injection of 8-methoxypsoralen. There is evidence that this drug can function as a photosensitizing agent, enhancing ultraviolet-induced changes within the lens.

Parathyroid hormone and the hypercalcemia of immobilization.

Serial measurements of serum calcium and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) were performed in two young patients with hypercalcemia of immobilization. Serum PTH was elevated in both patients. With mobilization, both serum PTH and serum calcium returned to normal levels and remained so during six months of follow-up.

Further characterization of the sensitizing bursa cells and of the target for suppression in the transfer of agammaglobulinemia.

Presensitization of BX donors with B cells appears obligatory in order for their T cells to acquire suppressor capacity against the adoptive humoral antibody response of bursa cells to B. abortus. Although anti-Ig + C treatment of bursa cells removes their capacity to "immunize" BX chickens for suppressor activity, BX chickens cannot be sensitized for this effect by the injection of chicken IgM + IgG.

Chemical carcinogen-induced transplantable fibrosarcomas in histocompatible chickens. I. Incidence of tumor induction in normal and bursectomized chickens.

Transplantable fibrosarcomas were developed in two B-locus-defined chicken strains from primary tumors induced by im injection of 2 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in 0.1 ml dimethyl sulfoxide into 1- to 2-week-old chicks. Viruses were not important factors in transmission of these tumors as evidenced by 1) transplantability only within the chicken strain of origin, 2) lack of evidence for a filterable agent, 3) maintenance of donor karyotypic characteristics upon transplantation, 4) lack of DNA polymerase and avian leukosis virus group-specific protein production in vitro.

Transfer of hypogammaglobulinemia in two inbred chicken strains by spleen cells from bursectomized donors.

Transfer of lymphoid cells from agammaglobulinemic donor chickens into 3- to 4-week-old irradiated recipients that had been surgically bursectomized at 2 to 3 weeks of age significantly depressed the ability of the antibody-forming apparatus to recover from irradiation. Antibody production to Brucella abortus and sheep erythrocytes remained much below control levels in BX donor-cell recipients of both chicken strains studied (SC and FP). Progressive loss of serum IgM and IgG was observed primarily in the FP strain resulting in complete agammaglobulinemia within 4 to 6 weeks after transfer of BX donor spleen cells.

Mechanisms by which hapten conjugates of pneumococcal polysaccharide interfere with the challenge of anti-hapten memory cells.

Incubation of trinitrophenylated hemocyanin (TNP-KLH)-primed spleen cells with microgram amounts of 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) or 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) conjugates of pneumococcal polysaccharide type 3 (SIII) for as little as 5 min at 4 degrees C results in a specific "block" of the 19 S and 7 S adoptive memory response to TNP-KLH. This hapten-SIII-induced block of anti-hapten memory B cell responsiveness seems to be an example of specific receptor blockade. The block is specific and can be prevented by simultaneous incubation of the primed cells with hapten-protein conjugates which presumably compete with the hapten-polysaccharide for attachment to the B cell surface via anti-hapten Ig receptors.

Induction of an immune response through interaction of helper cells with an immune complex bound to the surface of B cells.

Adoptive anti-trinitrophenyl (Tnp) responses were elicited from Tnp-hemocyanin (Tnp-KLH)-primed cells by challenge with an immune complex of KLH and a Tnp conjugate of the Fab fragment of rabbit anti-KLH. Removal of T cells by treatment with anti-Thy 1.2 (phi C3H) + complement abolished this effect.

Hydrophobic chromatography of hepatitis B surface antigen on 1,9-diaminononane or 1,10-diaminodecane linked to agarose.

A series of omega-aminoalkyl-agarose differing in the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains was prepared and used for chromatography of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg). HBSAg was separated from the major part of serum proteins by adsorption to columns of 1,9-diaminononane or 1,10-diaminodecane linked to agarose beads (Sepharose 4B or 2B) followed by elution with 4 M-NaSCN.

Perinatal primate parathyroid hormone metabolism.

Near-term fetal and neonatal parathyroid gland function has been studied in the Rhesus monkey. Fetal serum ionized calcium (Ca++) levels are significantly greater than simultaneously obtained maternal levels. Fetal serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) was undetectable both in the basal state and in association with EDTA-induced fetal hypocalcemia.