Nucleocapsid proteins from human coronaviruses possess phase separation capabilities and promote FUS pathological aggregation.

The nucleocapsid (N) protein is an essential structural component necessary for genomic packaging and replication in various human coronaviruses (HCoVs), such as SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV. Recent studies have revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 N protein exhibits a high capacity for liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which plays multiple roles in viral infection and replication. In this study, we systematically investigate the LLPS capabilities of seven homologous N proteins from different HCoVs using a high-throughput protein phase separation assay.

Transcription Regulation of Cell Cycle Regulatory Genes Mediated by NtrX to Affect Sinorhizobium meliloti Cell Division.

The cell division of the alfalfa symbiont, Sinorhizobium meliloti, is dictated by a cell cycle regulatory pathway containing the key transcription factors CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA. In this study, we found that NtrX, one of the regulators of nitrogen metabolism, can directly regulate the expression of ctrA, gcrA, and dnaA from the cell cycle pathway. Three sets of S.

Two-component regulatory system ActS/ActR is required for Sinorhizobium meliloti adaptation to oxidative stress.

The two-component system ActS/ActR plays important roles in bacterial adaptation to abiotic stress, including acid tolerance and oxidant resistance. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism is not clear. In this study, we found that the ActS/ActR system is required for adaptation to oxidative stress by regulating the transcription of the genes actR, katB, gshA and gshB1.