Resveratrol natural product inspired compound as a potent neuroprotectant against acute oxidative stress.

Resveratrol as well as natural products biosynthetically derived from it, have been shown to have protective effects against oxidative stress. However, these compounds possess poor druglike properties. At sub-nanomolar concentrations, a novel compound (RVM-6) inspired by a resveratrol natural product prolongs synaptic viability in neuromuscular junctions in exposed to acute oxidative stress.

Bridged bicyclic compounds: Comprehending a novel compound class as potential anti-seizure agents.

Objective: In the present study, we describe a novel class of small-molecule synthetic compounds that ameliorate seizure-like behavior, using an electroshock assay to examine seizure duration in Caenorhabditis elegans. We also examine the hypothesis that these compounds, which we have called resveramorphs (RVMs), act by an irreversible binding mechanism.

Methods: Our electroshock assay examines seizure duration in C.

Eliminating children's tobacco smoke exposure: a pathway to bioverified abstinence among low-income maternal smokers in the Babies Living Safe and Smokefree (BLiSS) trial.

Background: Identifying behavioral pathways to smoking cessation in high-risk populations, such as low-income maternal smokers, could reduce tobacco disparities. The previous "BLiSS" multilevel intervention trial demonstrated efficacy of the BLiSS intervention in facilitating low-income maternal smokers' bioverified abstinence. This present study examined four putative pathways measured at 3-month end of treatment (Time 2) that could account for the observed intervention effect on smoking abstinence through 12 months (Time 2 - Time 3).

Hemostatic Collagen Sponge with High Porosity Promotes the Proliferation and Adhesion of Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts.

The use of biomaterial for tissue repair involves the interaction between materials and cells, and the coagulum formation represents the first step of tissue healing. This process is particularly critical in the oral cavity, where the wounds are immediately subjected to the masticatory mechanical stress, saliva invasion, and bacterial attack. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the structural features and the biological activities of a hemostatic collagen sponge on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human oral osteoblasts (HOBs).

Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Tobacco Urge Management Scale (TUMS).

Background: During quit attempts, smokers must overcome smoking urges triggered by environmental cues and nicotine withdrawal symptoms. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the 12-item Tobacco Urge Management Scale (TUMS), a new measure of smoking urge management behaviors.

Methods: We analyzed secondary data ( = 327) from a behavioral smoking cessation intervention trial, Kids Safe and Smokefree (KiSS).

Functionalization of a Cortical Membrane with a Photodynamic Protocol.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) comprehends the application of membranes to drive bone healing and to exclude non-osteogenic tissues from interfering with bone regeneration. However, the membranes may be exposed to bacterial attack, with the risk of failure of the GBR. Recently, an antibacterial photodynamic protocol (ALAD-PDT) based on a gel with 5% 5-aminolevulinic acid incubated for 45 min and irradiated for 7 min by a LED light at 630 nm, also showed a pro-proliferative effect on human fibroblasts and osteoblasts.

Emerging Effects of Resveratrol Derivatives in Cells Involved in Oral Wound Healing: A Preliminary Study.

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in finding new approaches to manage oral wound healing. Although resveratrol (RSV) exhibited many biological properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, its use as a drug is limited by unfavorable bioavailability. This study aimed to investigate a series of RSV derivatives (-) with better pharmacokinetic profiles.

Efficacy of 5% Aminolaevulinic Acid and Red Light on in Infected Root Canals.

Background: In this ex vivo study, the aim was to evaluate the effects of ALAD and red light on in infected root canals using a special intracanal fiber.

Methods: A total of 70 extracted, single-rooted teeth were used. The teeth were decoronated at the length of the roots to approximately 15 mm and then instrumented.

Gamma nail versus percutaneous compression plate for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures: a multicenter pair-matched study.

Purpose: To compare functional outcomes, complication rates, and survival in patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated with percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) or gamma nail (GN).

Methods: A retrospective study of prospectively collected data of patients treated with PCCP or GN for AO/OTA 31.A1 or AO/OTA 31.

Translating pediatric primary care best practice guidelines for addressing tobacco in the WIC system.

Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) adversely affects child health. Intervention research on reducing childhood TSE and uptake of evidence-based smoking cessation programs has had limited reach in high-risk communities. Intervening in clinics delivering the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) could address overlapping public health priorities essential for healthy child development-nutrition and smoke-free environments.

Antecedents of Self-Efficacy to Achieve Smoking-Behavior-Change Goals among Low-Income Parents Enrolled in an Evidence-Based Tobacco Intervention.

Previous studies have shown that greater self-efficacy (SE) to modify smoking behaviors during treatment improves long-term post-treatment outcomes. Little is known about factors that might enhance SE for smoking abstinence and for reducing children's tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The present study investigated hypothesized predictors of end-of-treatment SE to abstain from smoking and to protect children from TSE by conducting secondary multiple regression analyses of data (N = 327) from the Kids Safe and Smokefree (KiSS) behavioral intervention trial.

Chiral Allenylcarbonyls - Underexploited Building Blocks for Complex Synthesis.

Chiral allenylcarbonyls such as allenoates remain underutilized in complex synthesis despite recent advances in synthesis methods to prepare them non-racemically. The field is now ripe for the employment of this class of allenes as building blocks to facilitate the construction of complex small-molecule compounds, such as bridged bicycles.

Real-time feedback of air quality in children's bedrooms reduces exposure to secondhand smoke.

Introduction: Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure creates health risks for non-smokers and is especially detrimental to children. This study evaluated whether immediate feedback in response to poor indoor air quality in children's bedrooms can reduce the potential for SHS exposure, as measured by adherence to a World Health Organization (WHO) indoor air standard.

Methods: Homes that contained children and an adult who regularly smoked inside (n=298) had an air particle monitor installed in the child's bedroom.

Diastereoselective additions of H-phosphinates to alkenyl ketones under phase-transfer conditions.

Additions of bulky H-phosphinates to β,β-disubstituted alkenyl ketones under the action of a phase transfer-catalyst led to a new class of carbon quaternary center-containing phosphinates with unprecedented control of the relative configuration of the adjacent carbon and phosphorous chiral centers with high diastereoselectivity in most cases.

Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer clinicians' communication about sexual health.

Purpose: We assessed breast cancer clinicians' perspectives on how the COVID-19 pandemic and increased use of telehealth affected their clinical communication about sexual heath.

Methods: Breast cancer clinicians participating in a sexual health communication intervention study (N = 29; 76% female; 66% oncologists; 34% advanced practice clinicians) completed an online survey. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Multilevel Intervention for Low-Income Maternal Smokers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).

To test the efficacy of Babies Living Safe and Smokefree (BLiSS), a multilevel intervention initiated in a citywide safety net health system to improve low-income maternal smokers' abstinence and reduce child tobacco smoke exposure. This randomized controlled trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2015-2020), recruited low-income maternal smokers who received a brief smoking intervention (Ask, Advise, Refer [AAR]) from nutrition professionals in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children before randomization to (1) a multilevel intervention (AAR + multimodal behavioral intervention [MBI]; n = 199) or (2) an attention control intervention (AAR + control; n = 197). AAR + MBI mothers had significantly higher 12-month bioverified abstinence rates than did AAR + control mothers (odds ratio [OR] = 9.

RV144 vaccine imprinting constrained HIV-1 evolution following breakthrough infection.

The scale of the HIV-1 epidemic underscores the need for a vaccine. The multitude of circulating HIV-1 strains together with HIV-1's high evolvability hints that HIV-1 could adapt to a future vaccine. Here, we wanted to investigate the effect of vaccination on the evolution of the virus post-breakthrough infection.

Mobile Technology-Based (mLearning) Intervention to Enhance Breast Cancer Clinicians' Communication About Sexual Health: A Pilot Trial.

Background: Most breast cancer clinicians lack training to counsel patients about sexual concerns. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a mobile learning (mLearning) intervention (improving Sexual Health and Augmenting Relationships through Education [iSHARE]) aimed at enhancing breast cancer clinicians' knowledge of, beliefs about, and comfort with discussing patients' sexual health concerns.

Methods: Clinicians listened to a 2-part educational podcast series offering information on breast cancer-related sexual health concerns and effective communication on the topic, which consisted of interviews with expert guests.

Supportive Accountability and Mobile App Use in a Tobacco Control Intervention Targeting Low-Income Minority Mothers Who Smoke: Observational Study.

Background: Smartphone mobile apps are frequently used in standalone or multimodal smoking cessation interventions. However, factors that impede or improve app usage are poorly understood.

Objective: This study used the supportive accountability model to investigate factors that influence app usage in the context of a trial designed to reduce maternal smoking in low-income and predominantly minority communities.

Efficacy of a multimedia intervention in facilitating breast cancer patients' clinical communication about sexual health: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Many women with breast cancer (BC) hesitate to raise sexual concerns clinically. We evaluated a multimedia intervention to facilitate BC patients' communication about sexual/menopausal health, called Starting the Conversation (STC).

Methods: Female BC patients (N = 144) were randomly assigned to either STC (20-min video, workbook, and resource guide) or control (resource guide only).

A Quality Improvement Intervention to Reduce Postoperative Opiate Use in Neonates.

Background And Objectives: Opiate use in neonates can affect clinical outcomes after surgery and may alter future neurodevelopment. We implemented a multimodal opioid reduction strategy in our NICU for infants undergoing nonemergent gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods: After multiple stakeholder's meetings, our opioid reduction intervention included giving neonates postoperative standing intravenous acetaminophen every 6 hours for 48 hours, a standardized postsurgical sign-out with the NICU team in which pain control was directly addressed, and a series of postsurgical pain education seminars with NICU providers.

Understanding Sexual Help-Seeking for Women With Breast Cancer: What Distinguishes Women Who Seek Help From Those Who Do Not?

Background: Sexual problems are extremely common for women after breast cancer (BC).

Aim: To determine, in a sample of BC outpatients, how commonly women sought help for sexual concerns, from a health care provider (HCP), from other individuals, or from alternate sources; and to examine whether help-seeking was associated with women's sexual function/activity, self-efficacy for clinical communication about sexual health, or sociodemographic/medical characteristics.

Methods: BC patients participating in a sexual/menopausal health communication intervention trial completed web-based baseline self-report surveys.