fraction with a high level of flavonoid inhibits peripheral and central mechanisms of nociception.

Background And Aim: (Kunth.) Micheli is popularly used for acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. The anti-inflammatory activity was previously demonstrated for its flavonoid-enriched fractions.

Echinodorus macrophyllus: Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives reduces neutrophil migration through modulation of cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandin in the air-pouch model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Brazil, Echinodorus macrophyllus (Alismataceae), popularly known as chapéu-de-couro, is used to treat inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have shown a significant decrease in the acute inflammation for the aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus (AEEm) and its ethanolic fraction (Fr20).

The lignan eudesmin extracted from Piper truncatum induced vascular relaxation via activation of endothelial histamine H1 receptors.

In Brazilian folk medicine, extracts from Piper species are used to reduce blood pressure. Previously, we demonstrated the vasodilatory activity of crude extracts from leaves of Piper truncatum explaining their possible use in the treatment of hypertension in traditional medicine. In the present study, we investigated the effects of eudesmin, a lignan isolated from hexane extract of leaves from Piper truncatum, on the contractility of rat aortas and the possible mechanisms involved in its vascular action.

In-vitro vasodilatory activity of the hexanic extract of leaves and stems from Piper truncatum Vell. in rats.

Several plants from the Brazilian Tropical Forest are used in folk medicine for treatment of hypertension and asthma. In this study, we investigated the effects of hexanic extracts of leaves (HLE) and stems (HSE) from Piper truncatum on the contractility of cardiac, vascular and tracheal smooth muscles. Twitches of cardiac muscles obtained with electrical stimulation were recorded before and after exposure to increasing concentrations of hexanic extracts.