II Consensus of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology for the treatment of alopecia areata.

Background: Alopecia areata is a highly frequent disease with great variability in clinical presentation, severity, and prognosis. It has a significant negative impact on quality of life, especially in the moderate and severe forms.

Objective: To disseminate guidelines, prepared by a group of Brazilian experts, for the treatment and follow-up of patients with alopecia areata.

Minimally invasive procedures for the management of female pattern hair loss.

Background: Female Pattern Hair Loss (FPHL) is one of the most common types of hair loss in women. It is characterized by progressive follicular miniaturization leading to diffuse hair thinning over the midfrontal scalp with a negative impact on quality of life. Pharmacological treatments are commonly used, and hair follicle transplantation is an option for those cases with adequate donor area.

Bicalutamide and the new perspectives for female pattern hair loss treatment: What dermatologists should know.

Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common form of alopecia in women. FPHL may compromise body image and strongly affect self-esteem, negatively impacting quality of life. Currently, the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug for its treatment is topical minoxidil, with a variable response rate.

Anagen Effluvium after Therapeutic Scalp Surgery: Unreported Phenomenon.

Introduction: Many procedures are performed on the scalp, such as excision of pilar and sebaceous cysts, melanocytic nevi, and reduction surgery for scarring alopecia, among others. In hair transplants, telogen effluvium is often reported 3 months after surgery; however, hair loss usually happens much earlier, around second week after the procedure, not compatible with the time required for hair to enter telogen and exogenous phases in normal conditions.

Case Reports: We report 3 cases of anagen hair loss 4 weeks after surgeries, with perilesional trichoscopy suggesting anagen effluvium, with typical signs such as black dots and exclamation hairs.

A novel automated approach to rapid and precise in vivo measurement of hair morphometrics using a smartphone.

Background: Although many hair disorders can be readily diagnosed based on their clinical appearance, their progression and response to treatment are often difficult to monitor, particularly in quantitative terms. We introduce an innovative technique utilizing a smartphone and computerized image analysis to expeditiously and automatically measure and compute hair density and diameter in patients in real time.

Methods: A smartphone equipped with a dermatoscope lens wirelessly transmits trichoscopy images to a computer for image processing.

Consensus on the treatment of alopecia areata - Brazilian Society of Dermatology.

Background: Alopecia areata is a highly frequent disease with an impact on quality of life and several treatment options with little clinical confirmatory evidence.

Objective: To disseminate the recommendations of Brazilian dermatologists with expertise in the treatment of alopecia areata.

Methods: Eight specialists with expertise in alopecia areata from different university centers were appointed by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology to reach a consensus on its treatment.

Risk factors for frontal fibrosing alopecia: A case-control study in a multiracial population.

Background: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a chronic cicatricial alopecia with unknown etiology and a worldwide rising incidence.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of FFA with demographic and exposure factors in a Brazilian multiracial population.

Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in 11 referral centers throughout Brazil.

Growth factor concentrations in platelet-rich plasma for androgenetic alopecia: An intra-subject, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, pilot study.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), processed from autologous peripheral blood, is used to treat androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

Objective: To determine the efficacy of PRP for hair growth promotion in AGA patients in a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial (NCT02074943).

Methods: The efficacy of an 8 week, five session, PRP treatment course was determined by measuring hair density and hair caliber changes in 10 AGA affected patients.

What's New in Hair Loss.

The treatment of hair loss is a challenge for all dermatologists. New medications are needed due to lack of efficacy of many treatments or their side-effect profile. This article discusses the most recent literature updates on the use of retinoids in frontal fibrosing alopecia, platelet-rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia, and JAK inhibitors in alopecia areata.

Alopecia Areata is Associated with Increased Expression of Heart Disease Biomarker Cardiac Troponin I.

The development of androgenetic alopecia is associated with a risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, but the association of alopecia areata with cardiovascular diseases in humans is largely unexplored. We measured the plasma level of two common cardiovascular disease markers, cardiac troponin I and C-reactive protein, in alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia affected subjects. Also, we investigated the possible presence of pro-apoptotic factors in the plasma of hair loss subjects.

Biology of the hair follicle and mechanisms of nonscarring and scarring alopecia.

There are many hair disorders, all of which involve alterations in normal hair biology. Essentially, hair disorders involve changes to hair fiber caliber, density per unit area, and/or the duration of anagen and telogen in the hair growth cycle. Hair disorders may be triggered by inflammation, genetics, the environment, or hormones; the relative contributions of these factors vary for different hair disorder diagnoses.

Porokeratosis of Mibelli--literature review and a case report.

Porokeratosis is a disorder of epidermal keratinization characterized by annular plaques with an atrophic center and hyperkeratotic edges, and includes a heterogeneous group of disorders that are mostly inherited in an autosomal dominant form. This report describes a 5 year-old female patient, with porokeratosis of Mibelli confirmed histopathologically. The rarity of this disorder, its clinical exuberance and the destructive character of the lesions, as well as the facial and mucosal involvements, unusual in this form of porokeratosis, and also its onset in early childhood motivated this report.

Dermoscopy examination of petechial lesions in a patient with Dermatitis Herpetiformis.

An uncommon skin manifestation of Dermatitis Herpetiformis is palmar and plantar purpura. Dermoscopic examination is useful for any skin condition since it allows recognition of structures that are not discernible to the naked eye. A 22 year-old Caucasian man was admitted with excoriated lesions and pruritus.