A Pericyclic Reaction in the Gas Phase Identified by Rotational Spectroscopy: Reaction of a Thiocarboxylic Acid with Sulfur Trioxide.

The reaction of sulfur trioxide (SO) and thiobenzoic acid (CHCOSH) is investigated in the gas phase under supersonic jet conditions. Rotational spectroscopy of the parent and several isotopically substituted derivatives, in conjunction with DFT calculations at the M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory, identify the product as thiobenzoic sulfuric anhydride, CHC(=S)OSOOH. Single point CCSD(T)/CBS(D-T)//M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,3pd) calculations place the electronic energy of the product anhydride 114 kJ/mol lower than that of SO+CHCOSH at infinite separation.

Subjective experiences of an acceptance and mindfulness-based group intervention (Feel-Good-Group) in young people with early psychosis.

Background: Mindfulness-based interventions are promising psychological treatment approaches that may have more substantial long-lasting intervention effects than cognitive behavioral therapy when treating individuals with early psychosis. A pilot study analyzed mindfulness-based inpatient group therapy's feasibility and potential efficacy (Feel-Good).

Objective: This paper explores the subjective experiences of participants in the Feel-Good inpatient therapy group to gain insight into the possible changes brought about by the mindfulness-based intervention.

Screening Cobalt-based Catalysts on Multicomponent CdSe@CdS Nanorods for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Aqueous Media.

We present CdSe@CdS nanorods coated with a redox-active polydopamine (PDA) layer functionalized with cobaloxime-derived photocatalysts for efficient solar-driven hydrogen evolution in aqueous environments. The PDA-coating provides reactive groups for the functionalization of the nanorods with different molecular catalysts, facilitates charge separation and transfer of electrons from the excited photosensitizer to the catalyst, and reduces photo-oxidation of the photosensitizer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the successful functionalization of the nanorods with cobalt-based catalysts, whereas the catalyst loading per nanorod is quantified by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF).

Larger putamen in individuals at risk and with manifest bipolar disorder.

Background: Individuals at risk for bipolar disorder (BD) have a wide range of genetic and non-genetic risk factors, like a positive family history of BD or (sub)threshold affective symptoms. Yet, it is unclear whether these individuals at risk and those diagnosed with BD share similar gray matter brain alterations.

Methods: In 410 male and female participants aged 17-35 years, we compared gray matter volume (3T MRI) between individuals at risk for BD (as assessed using the EPI scale; = 208), patients with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of BD ( = 87), and healthy controls ( = 115) using voxel-based morphometry in SPM12/CAT12.

soulspace: Integrated youth mental health care in Berlin, Germany-An introduction to the program and a description of its users.

Aim: A substantial gap between young people's need for mental health care services and their actual access to such services led worldwide organizations (e.g., the WHO) to recommend the implementation of early intervention programs and youth mental health services.

Partial Proton Transfer in the Gas Phase: A Spectroscopic and Computational Analysis of the Trifluoroacetic Acid - Trimethylamine Complex.

The 1:1 complex formed from trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and trimethylamine (TMA) has been observed in the gas phase by rotational spectroscopy and further investigated by DFT and MP2 methods. Spectra of both the parent form and the -OD isotopologue have been obtained. The complex is structurally similar to a hydrogen bonded system, with the O-H bond directed toward the nitrogen of the TMA.

Linguistic findings in persons with schizophrenia-a review of the current literature.

Introduction: Alterations of verbalized thought occur frequently in psychotic disorders. We characterize linguistic findings in individuals with schizophrenia based on the current literature, including findings relevant for differential and early diagnosis.

Methods: Review of literature published via PubMed search between January 2010 and May 2022.

Seasonal and fasting induced changes in iron metabolism in Djungarian hamsters.

Djungarian hamsters are small rodents that show pronounced physiological acclimations in response to changes in photoperiod, and unfavorable environmental conditions such as reduced food availability and low external temperature. These include substantial adjustments, such as severe body weight loss and the use of daily torpor. Torpor is a state of decreased physiological activity in eutherms, usually marked by low metabolic rate and a reduced body temperature.

Young people at risk for developing bipolar disorder: Two-year findings from the multicenter prospective, naturalistic Early-BipoLife study.

Early identification and intervention of individuals with an increased risk for bipolar disorder (BD) may improve the course of illness and prevent long‑term consequences. Early-BipoLife, a multicenter, prospective, naturalistic study, examined risk factors of BD beyond family history in participants aged 15-35 years. At baseline, positively screened help-seeking participants (screenBD at-risk) were recruited at Early Detection Centers and in- and outpatient depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) settings, references (Ref) drawn from a representative cohort.

Treatment of vitamin D deficiency in children.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency affects from 10% to 50% in various pediatric population groups and causes life-threatening hypocalcemia in infants, crippling rickets in infants and children, and increased risk of subsequent adult metabolic and neurologic problems.

Areas Covered: An English language literature search of PubMed was performed since 1940 as were the authors' personal literature collections. References identified in the reviewed literature are considered.

Barriers to Lung Cancer Screening Access from the Perspective of the Patient and Current Interventions.

In the context of the Conceptual Model for Lung Cancer Screening Participation, this article describes patient barriers to lung cancer screening highlighting current interventions. Patient barriers include cognitive factors (lack of awareness, limited information/misinformation, and low perceived risk), factors related to access (logistical issues, no provider recommendation, cost, and other financial/social factors), and psychological factors (fear, fatalism, lung cancer worry, and stigma). Current interventions include the use of educational materials/presentations to address cognitive barriers, use of direct outreach and structural change to address factors related to access, and use of educational material focused on psychological barriers to address psychological barriers.

Cryo-EM structure determination of small therapeutic protein targets at 3 Å-resolution using a rigid imaging scaffold.

Cryoelectron microscopy (Cryo-EM) has enabled structural determination of proteins larger than about 50 kDa, including many intractable by any other method, but it has largely failed for smaller proteins. Here, we obtain structures of small proteins by binding them to a rigid molecular scaffold based on a designed protein cage, revealing atomic details at resolutions reaching 2.9 Å.

Coordinative Stabilization of Single Bismuth Sites in a Carbon-Nitrogen Matrix to Generate Atom-Efficient Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia powered by renewable electricity is not only a promising alternative to the established energy-intense and non-ecofriendly Haber-Bosch reaction for ammonia generation but also a future contributor to the ever-more important denitrification schemes. Nevertheless, this reaction is still impeded by the lack of understanding for the underlying reaction mechanism on the molecular scale which is necessary for the rational design of active, selective, and stable electrocatalysts. Herein, a novel single-site bismuth catalyst (Bi-N-C) for nitrate electroreduction is reported to produce ammonia with maximum Faradaic efficiency of 88.

Enhancing educational and vocational recovery in adolescents and young adults with early psychosis through Supported Employment and Education (SEEearly): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Psychotic disorders often develop a chronic course with devastating consequences for individuals, families, and societies. Early intervention programs for people in the first 5 years after the initial psychotic episode (early psychosis) can significantly improve the outcome and are therefore strongly recommended in national and international guidelines. However, most early intervention programs still focus on improving symptoms and relapse prevention, rather than targeting educational and vocational recovery.

Hfe Actions in Kupffer Cells Are Dispensable for Hepatic and Systemic Iron Metabolism.

Mutations in the / gene cause Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH), a highly prevalent genetic disorder characterized by elevated iron deposition in multiple tissues. HFE acts in hepatocytes to control hepcidin expression, whereas HFE actions in myeloid cells are required for cell-autonomous and systemic iron regulation in aged mice. To address the role of HFE specifically in liver-resident macrophages, we generated mice with a selective deficiency in Kupffer cells ().

Leveraging social media to increase lung cancer screening awareness, knowledge and uptake among high-risk populations (The INSPIRE-Lung Study): study protocol of design and methods of a community-based randomized controlled trial.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening can reduce lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals, but uptake of lung screening remains low. Social media platforms have the potential to reach a large number of people, including those who are at high risk for lung cancer but who may not be aware of or have access to lung screening.

Prediction of estimated risk for bipolar disorder using machine learning and structural MRI features.

Background: Individuals with bipolar disorder are commonly correctly diagnosed a decade after symptom onset. Machine learning techniques may aid in early recognition and reduce the disease burden. As both individuals at risk and those with a manifest disease display structural brain markers, structural magnetic resonance imaging may provide relevant classification features.

Leveraging social media to increase lung cancer screening awareness, knowledge and uptake among high-risk populations (The INSPIRE-Lung Study): Study protocol of design and methods of a community-based randomized controlled trial.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women in the United States. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening can reduce lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals, but uptake of lung screening remains low. Social media platforms have the potential to reach a large number of people, including those who are at high risk for lung cancer but who may not be aware of or have access to lung screening.

Microwave and Computational Study of Methanesulfonic Acid and Its Complex with Water.

Spectra of methanesulfonic acid (CHSOH, MSA) and its complex with water have been studied by microwave spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. For the monomer, spectra were obtained for both the parent and -OD isotopologues and, in each case, revealed a pair of tunneling states that are attributed to large amplitude motion of the hydroxyl hydrogen about the S-O(H) bond. Transitions crossing between tunneling states were not found in the parent spectrum and are estimated to be outside the range of the spectrometer, thus precluding the direct determination of the tunneling energy.

Covalent Functionalization of CdSe Quantum Dot Films with Molecular [FeFe] Hydrogenase Mimics for Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution.

CdSe quantum dots (QDs) combined with [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics as molecular catalytic reaction centers based on earth-abundant elements have demonstrated promising activity for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Direct linking of the [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics to the QD surface is expected to establish a close contact between the [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics and the light-harvesting QDs, supporting the transfer and accumulation of several electrons needed to drive hydrogen evolution. In this work, we report on the functionalization of QDs immobilized in a thin-film architecture on a substrate with [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics by covalent linking via carboxylate groups as the anchoring functionality.