URGENT COLONOSCOPY IN LOWER INTESTINAL BLEEDING.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy and safety of emergency colonoscopy without colon preparation at patients with intestinal bleeding.

Material And Methods: In a comparative cohort study included 252 patients admitted due to intestinal bleeding in 2006- 2015. 118 men, women 134.

[The role of occupational pathology center in public health care in disaster zone].

The article represents results of time-matched follow-up of population residing in Myslets settlement that appeared in railway accident zone with significant phenol and oil products spread. Various health disorders diagnosed in the residents in 4 months after the accident appeared not specific, according to thorough studies by Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute for Hygiene and Occupational diseases, by RAMSc Clinic for Occupational Medicine. The authors demonstrate leading role of occupational pathology center in medical care for people in disaster zone, role of occupational therapist.

[Occupational disease services in Chuvash Republic].

In 1984 an Occupational Pathology Center for 30 patients opened in Tchuvash Republic; since 1989 the Center was given a right to certify primary diagnosis of an occupational disease. Occupational morbidity structure in Tchuvash Republic corresponds to that in Russia, but the morbidity level in Tchuvash Republic is slightly lower than that in Russia. The Occupational Pathology Center in Tchuvash Republic served as an object of experiments in elaboration of occupational regulation parameters.

[Geographical informational technology as the basis for the informational integration for the large-scale evaluation of the environment].

Complex evaluation of environmental state requires processing of extensive information describing various components and objects of environment. Characteristic of this information is territory fix--each environmental object has definite geographic position and border. The authors discuss effects of up-to-date geographic information technologies on evaluation of environmental state in Bashkortostan Republic.

[Vascular shunting for gastrointestinal bleeding in children with portal hypertension].

The urgent porto-system bypass has been used in 26 children with portal hypertension to prevent acute gastro-esophageal bleeding. This method may be used in all types of portal circulation blockade. The bleeding stopped within first two postoperative days and there were no cases of its relapse within 6 years.

[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in evaluation of the results of portacaval shunt].

The article discusses the results of endoscopic examination of 44 children with extrahepatic portal hypertension before and after various types of portocaval shunting. Thirteen children were also examined in the late-term postoperative periods. It was found that decompression of the portal system not only leads to rapid reduction of the esophageal varicosities but also facilitates relief from gastritis and esophagitis.

[Conservative treatment of gastroesophageal hemorrhage in portal hypertension syndrome in children].

Intraoperative examinations of 15 patients with extrahepatic portal hypertension carried out to elucidate the effect of pituitrin infusion on the central and portal hemodynamics and analysis of the clinical results of treatment of gastroesophageal hemorrhages with pituitrin infusions in 17 patients showed that infusions of pituitrin solution were sufficiently effective in this patient population. The drug exerted the minimal effect on the central hemodynamics and appreciably improved the portal pressure and bloodflow.

[Risk factors and their correction during shunt operation in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension].

Central hemodynamics, blood gas composition, portal blood flow, and hepatic function have been studied in 30 children with extrahepatic portal hypertension during various types of intraoperative anesthesia. Neuroleptanalgesia and combined halothane and calypsol anesthesia ensure an adequate patient protection from surgical trauma. Each type of anesthesia has its specific effect on portal blood flow.

[The immune status of children with extrahepatic portal hypertension following splenectomy].

The purpose of the work was to study the immune status and some nonspecific defense factors in children with extrarenal portal hypertension after splenectomy. Seventy-one children were examined. It was found that the T-lymphocyte count before and in the early periods after the operation in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension did not differ from that in the control group.

[Symmetry of single-stranded DNA molecules].

A system of so-called coloured symmetry transformations is introduced, in the basis of which all possible symmetry groups of a single strand DNA molecule taken as a genetic text are derived. A strict description of functionally important symmetrical sites, such as palindromes, complementary palindromes, direct repeats is given in terms of the group theory. Possible role of symmetrical fragments in genome is discussed.

[Alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in the liver parenchyma of children: the changes in cirrhosis].

In the present study alpha 1-adrenergic receptors have been investigated in liver parenchyma, obtained at the resection of prehepatic portal hypertension children without parenchymal affection (control group, n = 7) and the resection of children in parenchymal affection (group of cirrhosis, n = 8). It has been shown, that the binding of alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist 3H-prasozin (3H-PRZ) in liver parenchyma membranes of both control and cirrhosis groups is saturable and shows a high affinity. The Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated that the binding site is characterized by Kd and Bmax of 0.

[Adrenergic receptors in the liver parenchyma in children with chronic hepatitis].

In the present study adrenergic receptors have been investigated in liver parenchyma, obtained at the resection of extrahepatic portal hypertension children without parenchymal affection (control group, n-7) and the resection of children in parenchymal affection (group of chronic hepatitis children, n-6). It has been shown, that the binding of beta-adrenergic radioligand 3H-dihydroalprenolol (3H-DHA) in liver parenchyma membranes of both control and chronic hepatitis groups was saturable and showed high affinity. The Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated that the binding site was characterized by Kd and Bmax of 1.

[The effect of splenectomy on the immune status of children with active liver cirrhosis].

A complex study of parameters of the systemic cell humoral immunity, secretory immune system, functional state and phagocytic activity of neutrophils as well as activity of the complement and its C3, C4 components in 28 children with active cirrhosis of the liver has shown that the disease was accompanied by a generalized disturbance of the immunity mechanisms. Splenectomy in these children was shown to have favorable influence on the immune status, to reduce activity of the immunopathological process in the liver. At the same time, splenectomy results in continuous suppression of neutrophilic phagocytosis which may be a cause of the development of postsplenectomy septic conditions.

[Functional condition of the liver after surgical treatment of cirrhosis in children as revealed by hepatoscintigraphy].

Scintigraphy with colloid 99mTc (56 cases) and the radiopharmaceutical preparation 99mTc--HIDA (43 cases) was performed in children with early and developed cirrhosis of the liver to study the functional condition of the hepatic Kupffer's and parenchymal cells in the long-term periods after surgical treatment. Increased activity of the parenchymal cells and inactivation of Kupffer's cells were revealed after splenectomy. The formation of a portocaval shunt and denervation of the hepatic artery promoted activation of hepatocyte functioning in these patients.

[The function of the liver mitochondria in rats with experimental cirrhosis undergoing an organ-preserving operation on the spleen].

The effect of splenectomy and of spleen-preserving operation with suture ligation of the left gastric artery on the functional status of liver mitochondria was studied by using 102 white male-rats of mixed population with experimental cirrhosis. The obtained data made it evident that in the immediate postoperative period (from 1 to 3 weeks after the procedure) in the animals of both the first and the second series, the disorder of energetic regulation of mitochondria hepatocytes respiration and the decrease in phosphorylation efficiency had the same tendency, which were seemingly caused by stress-action of the operative trauma. The data accumulated in the more distant postoperative period (8 weeks after the procedure) indicated that the resection of the lower splenic pole in combination with supplementary liver arterialization improved essentially the functional status of mitochondria hepatocytes and was more beneficial in contradistinction to splenectomy.

[A 99mTc-colloid study of the intrahepatic blood flow in liver cirrhosis in children].

Hepatoscintigraphic investigations were conducted in 63 patients aged 3 to 15 to study the features of intrahepatic blood flow and degrees of its compensation in children with liver cirrhosis of different stages. 99mTc-colloid was employed as a radiopharmaceutical. Disproportions of scintigraphic liver images showed close correlation with clinico-biochemical and morphological signs of the severity of disease.

[Clinical aspects and surgery of fibrocholangiocytosis in children].

Fifty one children with a diagnosis of fibrocholangiocystosis (FCC) were examined. A degree of circulatory blockade in the portal vein system in FCC was established to be one of the factors conditioning a severity of the course of the disease and its prognosis. With increase in duration of the disease and age of a child, the cirrhotic process in the liver and its complications are aggravating.

[Effect of splenectomy on the dynamics of allergic symptoms and the level of IgE in the complex treatment of children with liver cirrhosis].

Overall 21 children suffering from active liver cirrhosis were examined for the dynamics of allergic symptoms and IgE before and after splenectomy. The IgE level was measured 2-4 weeks, 3-11 months and 1-5 years after splenectomy. All the children received glucocorticosteroid therapy followed by the administration of maintenance therapy.

[Carbohydrate metabolism enzymes in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension].

Glycogen and protein concentrations and the activities of liver glycogen metabolic enzymes were measured in 22 children aged 4 to 15, suffering from extrahepatic portal hypertension. Glucose-6-phosphatase, amylo-1,6-glucosidase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, phosphorylases alpha and beta, phosphoglucomutase, and phosphohexose isomerase levels were analyzed. Liver biopsy specimens obtained by surgical marginal biopsy were used in the study.

[The use of a respiratory regulator in the combined therapy of obstructive lung diseases].

The authors review a method for the treatment of patients suffering from nonspecific pulmonary diseases associated with the obstructive syndrome by means of a respiratory regulator which permits the building of positive pressure of 2-4 cm H2O throughout expiration. External respiration, gas exchange and hemodynamics were explored in 30 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and in 30 patients with bronchial asthma treated by the respiratory regulator. There were clinical and functional data indicating the lowering of bronchial obstruction: an increase of the lung capacities, improvement of the velocity indicators, and improvement of the ventilation-perfusion correlations in the lungs.

[Humoral regulators of erythropoiesis during the body's adaptation to chronic respiratory insufficiency].

It was revealed during examination of 91 patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases for the blood titers of erythropoietin, erythrocytic chalones, erythrocyte hemolysis products and medium molecules that in the stage I respiratory failure, there were no material changes in the titres of erythrocyte hemolysis products, erythropoietin and medium molecules, whereas the titer of erythrocytic chalones appeared to be high. Stage III of the disease was also marked by no changes in the titer of erythrocyte hemolysis products. However, the titers of erythropoietin and medium molecules rose whereas the titer of erythrocytic chalones was reduced.