A Rare Cause of Colon Perforation After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy-A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Staghorn calculi pose challenges in urology, often necessitating more invasive procedures such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) to clear a large stone burden with fewer procedures. Here we present a case of a 76-year-old female with chronic kidney disease and a malrotated right pelvic kidney who underwent PCNL for a 3.5 cm staghorn calculus.

Laryngotracheal Resection for Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISS) is a rare disorder resulting in cicatricial narrowing of the airway centered at the cricoid cartilage. It almost exclusively affects Caucasian women. Endoscopic treatments such as dilatation, laser, or local injection of agents that can decrease the inflammatory and fibrotic reaction can be effective at palliating symptoms.

Gender Disparities in Surgical Subspecialties: A CMS Data Analysis.

Introduction: The persistent under-representation of women in surgery remains a critical concern within the medical profession, prompting a need for a nuanced analysis of gender distribution. Despite advancements in medical education, historical gender disparities in surgery persist, necessitating an exploration of the specific realms where gaps are most pronounced. Leveraging the 2023 Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services National Downloadable Database, this study aims to contribute insights into the multifaceted dynamics of gender representation within surgical disciplines.

Is Minimally Invasive Resection of Large Thymoma Appropriate?

Background: Current practice patterns suggest open rather than minimally invasive (MIS) approaches for thymomas >4 cm. We hypothesized there would be similar perioperative outcomes and overall survival between open and MIS approaches for large (>4 cm) thymoma resection.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for patients who underwent thymectomy from 2010 to 2020.

Early real-world experience monitoring circulating tumor DNA in resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: The study objective was to evaluate the impact of monitoring circulating tumor DNA on the detection and management of recurrence in patients with resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Between October 2021 and March 2023, postoperative circulating tumor DNA was monitored in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (N = 108). Longitudinal blood samples (n = 378 samples) were collected for prospective circulating tumor DNA analysis at 3-month intervals after curative-intent resection.

Novel approaches to determine the functional role of cardiomyocyte specific E3 ligase, Pellino-1 following myocardial infarction.

Objectives: Ubiquitination plays a vital role in controlling vascular inflammation, cellular protein quality control, and minimizing misfolded protein toxicity. Pellino-1 (Peli1), a type of E3 ubiquitin ligase, has emerged as a critical regulator of the innate immune response; however, its role in the repair and regeneration of ischemic myocardium remains to be elucidated.

Methods: Mice (8-12 weeks old, male and females) were divided into (i) Wild type (ii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 overexpressed (AMPEL1), (iii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 knockout (CP1KO) and were subjected to sham and left anterior descending artery ligation.

Lung Cancer in Young Patients is Associated With More Advanced Disease but Better Overall Survival.

Introduction: It is unclear whether nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with more aggressive disease and worse overall survival (OS) among younger patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes in young patients. We hypothesize that young age is associated with more advanced disease upon presentation, but better OS.

Deletion of newly described pro-survival molecule Pellino-1 increases oxidative stress, downregulates cIAP2/NF-κB cell survival pathway, reduces angiogenic response, and thereby aggravates tissue function in mouse ischemic models.

Introduction: In the present study, we aimed to explore the functional role of Pellino-1 (Peli1) in inducing neovascularization after myocardial infarction (MI) and hindlimb ischemia (HLI) using Peli1 global knockout mice (Peli1). Recently we have shown that Peli1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, induce angiogenesis and improve survivability, with decreased necrosis of ischemic skin flaps.

Methods: Peli1 and Peli1 mice were subjected to either permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) or sham surgery (S).

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to electronic cigarette use.

Vaping, the use of electronic cigarettes, involves different mechanics than conventional combustion cigarettes. Consumers who vape tend to overinhale and then forcefully exhale to eliminate the vapor, which is usually produced in much greater quantity than generated by a regular cigarette. Effectively, they are performing an exaggerated Valsalva maneuver.

Impact of Radial Margin Status After Esophagectomy for Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: The clinical impact of a positive radial margin after esophagectomy for cancer has not been clearly  identified. The goal of this study was to identify risk factors for a positive radial margin and determine the impact on recurrence and survival.

Methods: Retrospective review of 196 patients with pathological T3 N0-3 esophageal adenocarcinoma undergoing esophagectomy between 2002 and 2017.

Routine intraoperative jejunostomy placement and minimally invasive oesophagectomy: an unnecessary step?†.

Objectives: Adequate nutrition is challenging after oesophagectomy. A jejunostomy is commonly placed during oesophagectomy for nutritional support. However, some patients develop jejunostomy-related complications and the benefit over oral nutrition alone is unclear.

Disruption of VEGF Mediated Flk-1 Signaling Leads to a Gradual Loss of Vessel Health and Cardiac Function During Myocardial Infarction: Potential Therapy With Pellino-1.

Background The present study demonstrates that the ubiquitin E3 ligase, Pellino-1 (Peli1), is an important angiogenic molecule under the control of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2/Flk-1. We have previously reported increased survivability of ischemic skin flap tissue by adenovirus carrying Peli1 (Ad-Peli1) gene therapy in Flk-1 mice. Methods and Results Two separate experimental groups of mice were subjected to myocardial infarction ( MI ) followed by the immediate intramyocardial injection of adenovirus carrying LacZ (Ad-LacZ) (1×10 pfu) or Ad-Peli1 (1×10 pfu).

Surgical Management of Post-Esophagectomy Tracheo-Bronchial-Esophageal Fistula.

Background: Post-esophagectomy tracheo-bronchial-esophageal fistula (PETEF) most often develops after anastomotic disruption or gastric conduit necrosis. Ideal surgical management and outcomes for this complication are uncertain.

Methods: A retrospective review of 11 patients undergoing surgical repair of PETEF was performed.

Protective effects of Phyllanthus emblica against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: the role of PI3-kinase/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin pathway.

Clinical studies of Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) have shown that it increases production of nitric oxide, glutathione, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL); decreases low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP); and significantly inhibits platelet aggregation. The following study was designed to examine the effect of P.

Prevention of type II endoleak by laparoscopic inferior mesenteric artery ligation.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair by endovascular techniques have gained wide acceptance as a treatment option. A potential well-known complication of endovascular repair includes endoleak. Specifically, type II endoleak, which is described as retrograde flow into the aneurysm sac through collateral vessels, can occur in up to 30% of patients.

Primary cutaneous inoculation tuberculosis in a healthcare worker as a result of a surgical accident.

In May 2004, a 48-year-old male surgeon, resident in Bucaramanga, Colombia, suffered a superficial cut with a scalpel to the lateral aspect of the mid-phalanx of the second finger of the left hand while performing a pulmonary decortication surgical procedure for tuberculous empyema with pulmonary entrapment. The injury healed normally but, approximately 2 weeks after the event, an erythematous, nonpainful papule of approximately 3 mm in diameter developed, and increased progressively to 7 mm 3 days after its initial appearance. At this time, the papule showed spontaneous secretion of a clear liquid and superficial ulceration (Fig.