Thrombosed external hemorrhoids during pregnancy: surgery versus conservative treatment.

The management of thrombosed external hemorrhoids (TEH) during pregnancy is still under debate because of the fear of potential adverse effects on the fetus. This study aims to compare efficacy and safety of conservative versus surgical treatment of acute TEH in pregnant women. Furthermore, the outcome of two different surgical approaches was evaluated.

Immunomorphological Features of the Placenta in Allogeneic Pregnancy as the Background for the Development of Obstetric Complications.

Objective: To study the structural and immunohistochemical features of placentas in women after assisted reproductive technology (ART) with allogeneic eggs (oocyte donation and surrogate motherhood).

Study Design: The study involved 89 women whose pregnancy occurred as a result of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with a donor egg in a surrogate motherhood program (IVF-SM, n = 47 patients) or oocyte donation (IVF-DO, n = 42). The comparison group consisted of 21 patients in whom pregnancy occurred as a result of IVF with their own egg (IVF-OE).

Structural, immunohistochemical and molecular features of placentas and placental sites after in vitro fertilization with donor eggs (surrogate motherhood).

Objective: to identify structural, immunohistochemical and molecular features of placentas and placental sites afterin vitro fertilization (IVF) with donor eggs (surrogate motherhood).

Study Design: morphological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on placental material obtained after delivery by caesarean section. The study included 26 women patients whose pregnancy resulted from IVF with a donor egg (IVF-SM group).