Pediatric urothelial cancer: a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Background: Urothelial cancer is a rare pediatric malignancy; previous analyses suggest lower rates of recurrence and death as compared to adults. We analyzed pediatric bladder cancer information in a national database, hypothesizing that survival would be better in children than adults.

Methods: We analyzed the 2004-2016 National Cancer Database (NCDB) for children and adolescents (0-18 years) with urothelial bladder cancer.

Leveraging behavioral modification technology for the prevention of kidney stones.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to examine the use of technology to help promote and maintain behaviors that decrease stone recurrence.

Recent Findings: Behavior change is a complex process with various interacting components. Recent developments have sought to utilize technology in combination with behavioral change techniques to promote behavior that lowers stone recurrence risk.

Single-port hidden incision endoscopic (HIdES) pediatric nephrectomy via pfannenstiel incision.

Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) and hidden incision endoscopic surgery techniques are increasingly used in pediatric urology. For pediatric nephrectomy, access through a single Pfannenstiel incision is novel and may offer cosmetic benefit. In this retrospective study, we describe this approach and assess operative outcomes associated with this technique.

COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with spina bifida: A national survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a national survey of individuals with spina bifida (SB) and their care partners to assess COVID-19 vaccination behaviors and vaccine uptake.

Methods: A survey instrument was designed to assess current vaccination status, general perceptions towards vaccinations, and barriers to vaccination within the SB community. Surveys were administered to individuals with SB or their representing care partner.

Medical management of neurogenic bladder in patients with spina bifida: A scoping review.

Introduction: Neurogenic bladder is a common source of morbidity in patients with spina bifida and can cause renal damage. Medical management may include imaging, urodynamic studies (UDS), laboratory testing, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and medication. There is ongoing debate regarding the optimal management regimen.

Infection rates following urologic prosthetic revision without replacement of any device components compared to partial or complete device exchange: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Urologic implant revision carries a higher infection risk than virgin implantation. Historically, exchanging device components at the time of revision was performed to reduce infection risk. We hypothesize that revision without replacement of any parts of the device may not be associated with increased infection risk.

Financial toxicity among individuals with spina bifida and their families: A qualitative study and conceptual model.

Introduction: Spina bifida is the most common permanently disabling birth defect in the United States and requires lifelong, multi-specialty care. The cost of such care has the potential to result in financial toxicity - the 'objective financial burden' and 'subjective financial distress' which can negatively impact clinical outcomes. While this concept has been extensively studied in other areas of medicine, particularly oncology, financial toxicity has not yet been examined in pediatric urology or in individuals with spina bifida and their families/caregivers.

Predicting postoperative complications in pediatric surgery: A novel pediatric comorbidity index.

Introduction/background: Comorbidity-driven surgical risk assessment is essential for informed patient counseling, risk-stratification, and outcomes-based health-services research. Existing mortality-focused comorbidity indices have had mixed success at risk-adjustment in children.

Objective: To develop a new comorbidity-driven multispecialty surgical risk index predicting 30-day postoperative complications in children.

Behavioral Economics in Urology: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: Behavioral economics is the study of human behavior in the context of irrationality, self-control and self-interest. It has been leveraged in a variety of ways in health care, including efforts to decrease smoking, encourage weight loss and promote medication adherence. Concepts from this field can be used to help urologists better understand and improve behavior-dependent clinical outcomes.

Machine Learning for Urodynamic Detection of Detrusor Overactivity.

Objective: To develop a machine learning algorithm that identifies detrusor overactivity (DO) in Urodynamic Studies (UDS) in the spina bifida population. UDS plays a key role in assessment of neurogenic bladder in patients with spina bifida. Due to significant variability in individual interpretations of UDS data, there is a need to standardize UDS interpretation.

A Systematic Review of Complications of Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Pediatric Urological Literature.

Purpose: Minimally invasive surgery has been gaining momentum in pediatric urology and it is essential to analyze the unique complications pertinent to this approach. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate pediatric minimally invasive surgery complications in the published urological literature.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed®/MEDLINE® using relevant pediatric minimally invasive surgery terminology and applied specified eligibility criteria.

Prevalence and correlates of non-tissue prostate cancer diagnosis in the United States.

Background: Given the potential complications of prostate biopsies, it is sometimes reasonable in selected patients to make a non-tissue diagnosis of prostate cancer. Little is known about prevalence and factors associated with non-tissue prostate cancer diagnoses in the United States.

Methods: We identified 40 to 99-year-old prostate cancer patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) ≥20 ng/ml from the 2010-2015 National Cancer Database.

Characterization of the Recommendations in the Choosing Wisely Initiative.

Choosing Wisely is a comprehensive set of recommendations that guides clinicians and patients away from low-value services. The recommendations were reviewed to investigate their breadth and limitations. The authors performed an abstraction of all Choosing Wisely recommendations between March 1 and May 27, 2016.