Interactions between antidiabetes medications and heart-brain axis.

Purpose Of Review: The heart - brain axis (HBA) is the physiological interactions between the cardiovascular and nervous systems through autonomic nerves, hormones, and cytokines. Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of the cardiovascular and neurological diseases. However, recent evidence demonstrated that different antidiabetic drugs may delay cognitive impairment and improve cardiovascular outcomes.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Fusarium infections in adult patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A meta-summary of case reports.

Fusarium infections have increased, particularly among patients with hematological malignancies and in those receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This meta-summary summarizes the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of Fusarium infections in HSCT recipients. The PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Ovid SP databases were searched from inception to January 2024 to identify relevant case reports.

Risk of renal impairment in atypical antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Atypical antipsychotics are associated with several adverse effects including metabolic syndrome, weight gain, QTc interval prolongation, and extrapyramidal effects. This study aims to investigate the risk of renal impairment in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted via PubMed and Ovid SP and Web of Science to retrieve studies reporting the risk of renal impairment in patients receiving atypical antipsychotic treatment.

Incidence and predictive factors of mortality of infective endocarditis in adults with congenital heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) with abnormal turbulent blood flow are associated with the highest risk of infective endocarditis (IE). Despite advancement in diagnostics and treatment, the mortality rate of IE remains high due the life-threatening complications. Our study aims to assess the incidence and mortality rates of IE and predictive factors for mortality among adults CHD (ACHD).

Prevalence and mortality of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in dengue fever: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare complication of dengue fever with potentially life-threatening consequences and high mortality. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence, management and outcome of HLH in dengue fever.

Methods: The major electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect and Ovid SP, were searched from inception until 31 January 2024 to identify relevant studies.

Prevalence and clinical significance of late gadolinium enhancement in children and adolescents with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death among the paediatric population. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of late gadolinium enhancement, as assessed by cardiac MRI, in paediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Ovid SP to identify relevant studies.

Pulmonary Complications of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates and Infants: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Pooled Analysis.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes intrauterine infections in 0.67% of neonates, with 12.7% displaying symptoms at birth.

Morphological and Functional Changes of Cerebral Cortex in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset impairments in socialization, communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. ASD exhibits considerable heterogeneity, with clinical presentations varying across individuals and age groups. The pathophysiology of ASD is hypothesized to be due to abnormal brain development influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

The association between congenital cytomegalovirus infection and cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infection, affecting 1% of all live births. Intrauterine infection such as CMV infection is a risk factor for developing cerebral palsy. This study aims to investigate the association between congenital CMV infection and the development of cerebral palsy.

Management and outcomes of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in children.

Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is the major cause of acute glomerulonephritis among children, especially in low- and middle-income countries. APSGN commonly occurs following pharyngitis due to the activation of antibodies and complements proteins against streptococcal antigens through the immune-complex-mediated mechanism. APSGN can be presented as acute nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, or it may be subclinical.

Evidence based review of management of cardiorenal syndrome type 1.

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) type 1 is the development of acute kidney injury in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. CRS often results in prolonged hospitalization, a higher rate of rehospitalization, high morbidity, and high mortality. The pathophysiology of CRS is complex and involves hemodynamic changes, neurohormonal activation, hypothalamic-pituitary stress reaction, inflammation, and infection.

Psychosis symptoms associated with Niemann-Pick disease type C.

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a severe neurovisceral lipid storage disease that results in the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in lysosomes or endosomes. The clinical presentations of NP-C are variable which include visceral symptoms, neurologic symptoms and psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is the most common psychiatric manifestation of NP-C and is indistinguishable from a typical psychosis presentation of schizophrenia.