Publications by authors named "Leonardo Trasande"

Concerns persist about the potential impact of prenatal exposure to bisphenols (BP) and their replacement analogues on childhood asthma and allergies. Previous studies on single and small cohorts had limited statistical power, few investigated analogues BPF and BPS, and even fewer examined atopic outcomes. Our objective was to assess whether prenatal exposures to individual environmental bisphenols (BPA, BPF, BPS) influence risk of childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis.

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Findings for greenspace's impacts on birth outcomes are largely dependent on vegetation indexes. Examinations are needed for various greenspace indicators given varying pathways for fetal development. This prospective cohort study assessed the impacts of prenatal greenspace exposure on preterm birth (PTB), term low birthweight (TLBW), birthweight, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) for pregnant women in the New York City area, 2016-2023 (n=2765).

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Introduction: Bisphenols are endocrine-disrupting chemicals known to contribute to chronic disease across the lifespan. With increased awareness of their health effects, changes in regulation and health behaviors have contributed to reductions in urinary bisphenol A (BPA) levels in the United States, Canada, and Europe. However, global trends in bisphenols outside these regions, especially bisphenol S (BPS) exposure, have been less studied.

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Introduction: The general population is chronically exposed to organophosphate pesticides through various routes including ingestion, hand-to-mouth contact, inhalation, and dermal contact. Exposure to organophosphate pesticides during pregnancy impairs fetal development, but the potential long-term effects of gestational organophosphate pesticide exposure are less well understood.

Methods: We investigated associations between gestational organophosphate pesticide exposure and cardiovascular outcomes in 643 children in the Generation R Study, a prospective pregnancy cohort based in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

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Introduction: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are increasing in use as flame retardants and plasticizers and concerns have been raised given their endocrine-disrupting activities and possible obesogenic consequences. However, longitudinal studies on gestational OPE exposure and childhood obesity are scarce. This study examined whether OPE levels in maternal urine during pregnancy were associated with the risk of childhood obesity.

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Environmental racism poses a significant threat to child health. It is a major contributor to disproportionate exposure to environmental hazards that are linked to adverse health outcomes. This narrative review shows the profound impact that environmental racism poses to healthy child development through 3 examples.

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Previous studies have provided evidence for associations between glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) exposure and adverse birth outcomes. However, few pregnancy cohort studies have investigated dietary and other determinants of glyphosate and AMPA exposure. We aimed to identify dietary and sociodemographic factors that predict glyphosate and AMPA exposure in a contemporary, urban pregnancy cohort in the US.

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Background: Evidence suggests historical redlining shaped the built environment and health outcomes in urban areas. Only a handful of studies have examined redlining's association with air pollution and adverse birth outcomes in New York City (NYC). Additionally, no NYC-specific studies have examined the impact of redlining on birth weight.

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Prenatal organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure may be associated with reduced fetal growth, although studies are limited and have mixed results. We investigated associations between prenatal OP pesticide exposure and fetal size and modification by fetal sex. Maternal urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured at three time points.

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Background: In women, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals might accelerate the depletion of the ovarian reserve and might be associated with accelerative reproductive aging and fertility. We examined the longitudinal associations of exposure to bisphenols and phthalates with anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations.

Methods: Pregnant women of 18 years or older that resided in Rotterdam between 2002 and 2006 were eligible for participation in this longitudinal prospective cohort study.

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Evidence suggests neurotoxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during sensitive periods of development. We present an overview of pediatric population neuroimaging studies that examined brain influences of EDC exposure during prenatal period and childhood. RECENT FINDINGS: We found 46 studies that used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine brain influences of EDCs.

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Article Synopsis
  • Prenatal exposure to non-persistent chemicals like organophosphate pesticides, phthalates, and bisphenols affects growth patterns in children, yet few studies have explored these effects using long-term data.
  • In a study with 777 participants, researchers analyzed weight and BMI growth trajectories from prenatal to age 13, linking chemical exposure through maternal urine samples to these growth patterns.
  • The findings indicated that higher levels of phthalic acid and bisphenol A (BPA) were linked to a growth trajectory showing lower prenatal and higher childhood weight, while organophosphate pesticides were associated with lower odds of an average growth trajectory.
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Objective: Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse birth and developmental outcomes in children. We aimed to describe prenatal PAH exposures in a large, multisite U.S.

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The effects of plastics on human health include allergy, atopy, asthma, and immune disruption, but the consequences of chemicals used in plastic materials span nearly every organ system and age group as well. Behavioral interventions to reduce plastic chemical exposures have reduced exposure in low- and high-income populations, yet health care providers know little about plastic chemical effects and seldom offer steps to patients to limit exposure. Health care facilities also use many products that increase the risk of chemical exposures, particularly for at-risk populations such as children in neonatal intensive care units.

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Introduction: Epidemiological studies commonly use residential addresses at birth to estimate exposures throughout pregnancy, ignoring residential mobility. Lack of consideration for residential mobility during pregnancy might lead to exposure misclassification that should be addressed in environmental epidemiology.

Methods: We investigated potential exposure misclassification from estimating exposure during pregnancy by residence at delivery utilizing a prospective cohort of pregnant women in New York, United States (n = 1899; 2016-2019).

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study found that Mn accumulation in the thyroid correlates with decreased iodine levels, contributing to hypothyroidism in these models.
  • * Differences in Mn sensitivity between mice and rats suggest that thyroid responses to Mn may vary between species, affecting the understanding of Mn-induced diseases in research.
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It is important to understand the impact of consumer chemical exposure and fecundity, a couple's measure of probability of successful conception, given approximately 15% of couples experience infertility. Prior research has generally found null associations between bisphenol and phthalate exposure and fecundability, measured via time to pregnancy (TTP). However, this research has not been updated with current chemical exposures and have often lacked diversity in their study populations.

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Evidence suggests core autism trait consistency in older children, but development of these traits is variable in early childhood. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) measures autism-related traits and broader autism phenotype, with two age-dependent forms in childhood (preschool, 2.5-4.

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Background: Estimates for the effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes, including secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, often present considerable variability across studies. Knowledge of the reasons behind these differences can aid our understanding of effects in specific populations as well as inform practices of combining data from multiple studies.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the presence of effect modification by measured sociodemographic characteristics on the effect of SHS exposure during pregnancy on birth weights that may drive differences observed across cohorts.

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Article Synopsis
  • Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, specifically bisphenols and phthalates, during pregnancy may negatively affect fetal development and contribute to increased body fat in children from birth to age 4.
  • A study involving 1,091 mother-child pairs measured the levels of these chemicals in mothers' urine and tracked children's growth and weight at various ages, revealing significant correlations between chemical exposure and increased weight.
  • The results indicate that certain types of phthalates and bisphenols had varying impacts on children's weight at specific ages, highlighting that exposure's effects can change over time during early childhood development.
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Background: Phthalate exposure may contribute to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E), but epidemiologic studies are lacking.

Objectives: To evaluate associations of pregnancy phthalate exposure with development of PE/E and HDP.

Methods: Using data from 3,430 participants in eight Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program cohorts (enrolled from 1999 to 2019), we quantified concentrations of 13 phthalate metabolites (8 measured in all cohorts, 13 in a subset of four cohorts) in urine samples collected at least once during pregnancy.

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