Mental health in the Tupinambá community of Serra do Padeiro, southern Bahia, Brazil: community and struggle as sources of health.

This work presents concepts and practices linked to mental health in the Tupinambá Indigenous community of Serra do Padeiro in southern Bahia, Brazil. This qualitative cartographic research mapped existing processes and relationships in the Tupinambá territory. Data production techniques were participant observation, semi-structured interviews, field diary, and bibliographic studies.

Expression of luteinizing hormone receptor during development of bovine fetal ovary.

Steroids and gonadotrophins are essential for the regulation of late stages of preantral development and antral follicular development. Although the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) has been detected in the preantral follicles of rats, rabbits, and pigs, its expression, in bovine fetal ovary, has not been demonstrated. Based on this, we aimed to investigate the expression of the and mRNA binding protein (), as well as, to quantify bta-miR-222 (a regulatory microRNA of the LHCGR gene) during the development of bovine fetal ovary.

Fractal analysis is a useful tool for evaluating prostate tissue remodeling caused by ethanol consumption and androgen therapy.

Alcohol has been widely consumed for centuries and is linked to the aggravation of diseases. Several studies have shown that excessive consumption of ethanol results in morphophysiological changes in the male reproductive system. One of the effects of ethanol is the decrease in testosterone concentration and hormonal therapies are an alternative to minimize the changes resulting from chronic alcoholism.

Development of Microalgae Biodiesel: Current Status and Perspectives.

Microalgae are regarded as a promising source of biodiesel. In contrast with conventional crops currently used to produce commercial biodiesel, microalgae can be cultivated on non-arable land, besides having a higher growth rate and productivity. However, microalgal biodiesel is not yet regarded as economically competitive, compared to fossil fuels and crop-based biodiesel; therefore, it is not commercially produced.

Implementing telemedicine in urogynecology: A feasibility study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Telemedicine has been recommended for the management of urogynecological conditions during the coronavirus (COVID 19) pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of telemedicine for urogynecology at a Brazilian public hospital.

Methods: A descriptive observational study was performed at a urogynecology outpatient clinic.

Popularity of Video Games and Collective Memory.

Describing the permanence of cultural objects is an important step in understanding societal trends. A relatively novel cultural object is the video game, which is an interactive media, that is, the player is an active contributor to the overall experience. This article aims to investigate video game permanence in collective memory using their popularity as a proxy, employing data based on the platform from July 2012 to December 2020.

Patient Acceptance of Telemedicine in Urogynecology Consultations - A Cross-Sectional Study Performed at a Brazilian Public Institution.

Objective:  To evaluate the acceptance of telemedicine and determine its associated factors in an urogynecology outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Brazil.

Methods:  The present was a cross-sectional study performed between June and November 2020. The included patients had their elective appointments postponed due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Strength training protects against prostate injury in alcoholic rats.

Alcoholic injury can alter the hormonal signaling pathway and lead to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. In this study, we investigated whether the strength training could exert protective effects against the alterations caused by ethanol consumption on prostatic metabolism. A UChB, ethanol-preferring rats were used in this study.

Physical resistance training-induced changes in lipids metabolism pathways and apoptosis in prostate.

Background: Altered lipid metabolism is an important characteristic of neoplastic cells, with androgens and growth factors being major regulatory agents of the lipid metabolism process. We investigated the effect of physical resistance training on lipid metabolism and apoptosis in the adult Wistar rat prostate.

Methods: Two experimental groups represented sedentary and physical resistance training.

Serotonin 2C receptors in the basolateral amygdala mediate the anxiogenic effect caused by serotonergic activation of the dorsal raphe dorsomedial subnucleus.

Background: Stimulation of serotonergic neurons within the dorsal raphe dorsomedial subnucleus facilitates inhibitory avoidance acquisition in the elevated T-maze. It has been hypothesized that such anxiogenic effect is due to serotonin release in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala, where facilitation of serotonin 2C receptor-mediated neurotransmission increases anxiety. Besides the dorsal raphe dorsomedial subnucleus, the dorsal raphe caudal subnucleus is recruited by anxiogenic stimulus/situations.

Arsenic exposure during prepuberty alters prostate maturation in pubescent rats.

Arsenic is a widely dispersed chemical compound in the environment and has been associated with the development of some diseases and different types of cancer. Little is known about the action of arsenic compounds on prostate development during prepuberty and puberty. This study evaluated prostate morphophysiology after sodium arsenite exposure during prepubertal period in rats.

Differential fractal dimension is associated with extracellular matrix remodeling in developing bovine corpus luteum.

To assist in evaluating and quantifying tissue changes, fractal dimension (FD) is a useful method for assessing the organization in an image from fractals that describes the amount of space and the self-similarity of the structure, once FD detects subtle morphological changes and performs functional quantitative measures. Here, we hypothesized that fractal analysis may be different in functional and regressing bovine corpus luteum (CL) and may be correlated with differential expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling. CL presents two developmental stages, the functional and regressing CL, according to progesterone levels and morphology.

Combination of trace elements and salt stress in different cultivation modes improves the lipid productivity of Scenedesmus spp.

The genus Scenedesmus harbors around 120 species, and some strains have been successfully used for mass culture and biotechnological applications. Considering the potential of this genus as a promising feedstock for production of biofuels, mainly biodiesel, it was evaluated the combined effects of trace elements, salinity stress and different cultivation modes (single batch, semi-continuous, and two-stage batch) on lipid productivity of the freshwater strains S. obliquus BR003 and S.

Raloxifene decreases cell viability and migratory potential in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) with GPR30/GPER1 involvement.

Objectives: This study evaluated raloxifene (ral) effects on LNCaP prostate tumour cells modulating the activity of GPER1/GPR30 receptors.

Methods: LNCaP cells were submitted for 40/120 min and 12 h to the following treatments: C: RPMI + DMSO; R: RPMI + Ral; G: RPMI + Ral + G15 (GPER1 antagonist). Trypan blue staining measured cell viability.

Cell junctions in the prostate: an overview about the effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCS) in different experimental models.

Throughout the last decades, increasing exposure to environmental Endocrine Disruptors Chemicals (EDCs) has been associated with the occurrence of male reproductive disorders, such as impairment of prostate development and function, increase of susceptibility to oncogenesis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and the metastatic invasive potential. Nevertheless, few studies address the mechanisms involved in these alterations, especially those related to cell junctions, which are hormonally regulated and, therefore, possible EDCs targets. The cellular mechanisms discussed in this review are addressed to EDCs actions on tight, gap and adherent junctions and its related genes and proteins, such as claudin-1, -3, -4 and -8, connexin-32 and -43, E-cadherin and β-catenin, respectively.

Modulation of inflammatory and hormonal parameters in response to testosterone therapy: Effects on the ventral prostate of adult rats.

Testosterone is often recommended in the treatment of several aging-related conditions. However, there are still questions about the consequences of this therapy in terms of hormonal and inflammatory parameters that are crucial for prostate homeostasis. Thus, we investigate if the testosterone therapy (TT) modulates the hormone receptors and inflammatory cytokines in the ventral prostate of adult rats.

Application of Computational Intelligence to Improve Education in Smart Cities.

According to UNESCO, education is a fundamental human right and every nation's citizens should be granted universal access with equal quality to it. Because this goal is yet to be achieved in most countries, in particular in the developing and underdeveloped countries, it is extremely important to find more effective ways to improve education. This paper presents a model based on the application of computational intelligence (data mining and data science) that leads to the development of the student's knowledge profile and that can help educators in their decision making for best orienting their students.

Myoeletric Activity of the Quadriceps During Leg Press Exercise Performed With Differing Techniques.

Machado, W, Paz, G, Mendes, L, Maia, M, Winchester, JB, Lima, V, Willardson, JM, and Miranda, H. Myoeletric activity of the quadriceps during leg press exercise performed with differing techniques. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 422-429, 2017-The quadriceps muscle supplies the motive force for dynamic knee extension.

MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression in the prostatic tissue of two ethanol-preferring rat models.

We investigated whether chronic ethanol intake is capable of altering the MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression in the dorsal and lateral prostatic lobes of low (UChA) and high (UChB) ethanol-preferring rats. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression were significantly reduced in the lateral prostatic lobe of the ethanol drinking animals. Dorsal prostatic lobe was less affected showing no significant alterations in these proteins, except for a reduction in the TIMP-1 expression in UChA rats.

Ethanol modulates the synthesis and catabolism of retinoic acid in the rat prostate.

All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) maintains physiological stability of the prostate, and we reported that ethanol intake increases atRA in the rat prostate; however the mechanisms underlying these changes are unknown. We evaluated the impact of a low- and high-dose ethanol intake (UChA and UChB strains) on atRA metabolism in the dorsal and lateral prostate. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) subtype 1A3 was increased in the dorsal prostate of UChA animals while ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 decreased in the lateral prostate.

Melatonin attenuates the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response through MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are effector molecules expressed on the surface of ovarian cancer (OC) cells, but the functions of the TLR2/TLR4 signaling pathways in these cells remain unclear. Melatonin (mel) acts as an anti-inflammatory factor and has been reported to modulate TLRs in some aggressive tumor cell types. Therefore, we investigated OC and the effect of long-term mel therapy on the signaling pathways mediated by TLR2 and TLR4 via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and toll-like receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF) in an ethanol-preferring rat model.

Androgen therapy reverses injuries caused by ethanol consumption in the prostate: testosterone as a possible target to ethanol-related disorders.

Aims: Chronic ethanol consumption leads to reproductive damages, since it can act directly in the tissues or indirectly, causing a hormonal imbalance. Prostate is a hormone-dependent gland and, consequently, susceptible to ethanol. The potential of testosterone therapy in the ethanol-related disorders was investigated in the prostate microenvironment.

Testosterone therapy differently regulates the anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma and prostate of rats submitted to chronic ethanol consumption (UChB).

Problem: Ethanol consumption damages the prostate, and testosterone is known by anti-inflammatory role.

Methods Of Study: The cytokines were investigated in the plasma and ventral prostate of UChB rats submitted or not to testosterone therapy by ELISA and Western blot, respectively. Additionally, inflammatory foci and mast cells were identified in the ventral prostate slides stained by hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue, respectively.

Characterization of chemically induced ovarian carcinomas in an ethanol-preferring rat model: influence of long-term melatonin treatment.

Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths among women, and chronic alcoholism may exert co-carcinogenic effects. Because melatonin (mel) has oncostatic properties, we aimed to investigate and characterize the chemical induction of ovarian tumors in a model of ethanol-preferring rats and to verify the influence of mel treatment on the overall features of these tumors. After rats were selected to receive ethanol (EtOH), they were surgically injected with 100 µg of 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) plus sesame oil directly under the left ovarian bursa.

Melatonin and ethanol intake exert opposite effects on circulating estradiol and progesterone and differentially regulate sex steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts, and uteri of adult rats.

Chronic ethanol intake is associated with sex hormone disturbances, and it is well known that melatonin plays a key role in regulating several reproductive processes. We report the effects of ethanol intake and melatonin treatment (at doses of 100 μg/100 g BW/day) on sex hormones and steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts and uteri of ethanol-preferring rats. After 150 days of treatment, animals were euthanized, and tissue samples were harvested to evaluate androgen, estrogen, progesterone and melatonin receptor subunits (AR, ER-α and ER-β, PRA, PRB and MT1R, respectively).