First description of a mobatvirus (Hantaviridae) in the Amazon region.

From 1988-2023, Pará accounted for the highest proportion of deforestation among all states in the Brazilian Amazon. Specifically, 57.20 % of the territory in the Santa Bárbara municipality was deforested as of 2023.

Evaluation of Multiple RNA Extraction Protocols for Chikungunya Virus Screening in Mosquitoes.

(, ; CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne global health threat. The main urban vector of CHIKV is the mosquito, which is found throughout Brazil. Therefore, it is important to carry out laboratory tests to assist in the virus's diagnosis and surveillance.

Microsclerotia from Metarhizium robertsii: Production, ultrastructural analysis, robustness, and insecticidal activity.

Microsclerotia (MS) are considered one of the most promising propagules for use as active ingredients in biopesticides due to their tolerance to abiotic factors and ability to produce infective conidia for the control of pests. Therefore, the objective of this research was to establish the conditions required to induce the formation of microsclerotia in Metarhizium robertsii Mt004 and to study its development process, tolerance to abiotic factors and insecticidal activity of MS-derived conidia. M.

Incidence of major cardiovascular events at 1, 2, and 5 years and mortality in incident patients on peritoneal dialysis regarding their nutritional status by bioimpedanciometry: A multicenter study in Colombia.

Background: The nutritional status of incident patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been associated with survival outcomes. Bioimpedanciometry (BCM) enables to establish a nutritional diagnosis, the volume status, and correlates these findings with survival.

Methods: This study used a retrospective multicenter historical cohort.

The Importance of Entomo-Virological Investigation of Yellow Fever Virus to Strengthen Surveillance in Brazil.

The largest outbreak of sylvatic yellow fever virus (YFV) in eight decades was recorded in Brazil between 2016-2018. Besides human and NHP surveillance, the entomo-virological approach is considered as a complementary tool. For this study, a total of 2904 mosquitoes of the , and genera were collected from six Brazilian states (Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, and Tocantins) and grouped into 246 pools, which were tested for YFV using RT-qPCR.

Emergence of a New Strain of DENV-2 in South America: Introduction of the Cosmopolitan Genotype through the Brazilian-Peruvian Border.

Dengue virus 2 (DENV-2) seriously contributes to dengue-related mortality. It includes five nonsylvatic genotypes, with cosmopolitan being the most widespread with a significant contribution to the total number of DENV-2 cases globally. In South America, the cosmopolitan genotype was first recorded in 2019 in Madre de Dios, Peru, and then in Goiás (Midwest Brazil) in November 2021.

Novel Rodent Arterivirus Detected in the Brazilian Amazon.

As part of a continuous effort to investigate the viral communities associated with wild mammals at the human-animal interface in an Amazonian metropolitan region, this study describes the detection of a novel rodent-borne arterivirus. A sample containing pooled organs of was submitted to RNA sequencing, and four sequences taxonomically assigned as related to the family were recovered, corresponding to an almost complete genome of nearly 13 kb summed. In the phylogenetic analysis with the standard domains used for taxa demarcation in the family, the tentatively named Oecomys arterivirus 1 (OAV-1) was placed within the clade of rodent- and porcine-associated viruses, corresponding to the subfamily.

Isolation of Flaviviruses and Alphaviruses with Encephalitogenic Potential Diagnosed by Evandro Chagas Institute (Pará, Brazil) in the Period of 1954-2022: Six Decades of Discoveries.

Viruses with encephalitogenic potential can cause neurological conditions of clinical and epidemiological importance, such as , , , , , , , and . The objective of the present study was to determine the number of arboviruses with neuroinvasive potential isolated in Brazil that corresponds to the collection of viral samples belonging to the Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute (SAARB/IEC) of the Laboratory Network of National Reference for Arbovirus Diagnosis from 1954 to 2022. In the analyzed period, a total of 1,347 arbovirus samples with encephalitogenic potential were isolated from mice; 5,065 human samples were isolated exclusively by cell culture; and 676 viruses were isolated from mosquitoes.

Do Fungicides Affect Alkaloid Production in (L.) G. Don. Seedlings?

The presence of endophytes in plants is undeniable, but how significant their involvement is in the host plant biosynthetic pathways is still unclear. The results reported from fungicide treatments in plants varied. Fungicide treatment in was found to decrease the taxol content.

Serological and Molecular Evidence of the Circulation of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Subtype IIIA in Humans, Wild Vertebrates and Mosquitos in the Brazilian Amazon.

Understanding the interaction between viruses and ecosystems in areas with or without anthropic interference can contribute to the organization of public health services, as well as prevention and disease control. An arbovirus survey was conducted at Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, Brazil, where 632 local residents, 338 vertebrates and 15,774 pools of hematophagous arthropods were investigated. Neutralization antibodies of the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus, subtype IIIA, Mucambo virus (MUCV) were detected in 57.

First Genomic Evidence of a Henipa-like Virus in Brazil.

The viral genus includes two highly virulent zoonotic viruses of serious public health concern. and outbreaks are restricted to Australia and Southeast Asia, respectively. The Henipavirus genus comprises mostly bat-borne viruses, but exceptions have already been described as novel viruses with rodents and shrews as reservoir animals.

Accurate Neurosurgery for the Establishment of the Electric Kindling Model of Epilepsy in Mice.

This article describes in detail the essential stereotaxic neurosurgery to develop the electric experimental kindling model in mice. To date, available literature describing the methodology of the kindling model is very poor and usually neglects many relevant details about the neurosurgery, such as the manufacture of the electrodes, accurate stereotaxic coordinates of the amygdala nuclei, and the general surgery procedures (e.g.

Apoptosis in the Dentate Nucleus Following Kindling-induced Seizures in Rats.

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by abnormal and recurrent neuronal discharges that result in epileptic seizures. The dentate nuclei of the cerebellum receive excitatory input from different brain regions. Purkinje cell loss due to chronic seizures could lead to decreased inhibition of these excitatory neurons, resulting in the activation of apoptotic cascades in the dentate nucleus.

Activation of the Extrinsic and Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathways in Cerebellum of Kindled Rats.

The purpose of this study is to determine the activation of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in the cerebellum of rats exposed to amygdaloid electrical kindling. Western blot analyses were carried out for caspase-8 and caspase-9, Bid, Bax, and Bcl-2 in the cerebellum and immunohistochemistry of Bid, Bax, cytochrome C, and VDAC (voltage-dependent anion channels) in the cerebellar cortex of Wistar male rats with 0, 15, and 45 kindling stimulations. In the experimental group of 45 stimuli, we observed an increase in protein activation of caspase-9 and truncated Bid and Bax, in addition to a decrease in expression of pro-caspase-8 and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, determined by Western blot.

Inactivation of GABAA receptor is related to heat shock stress response in organism model Caenorhabditis elegans.

The mechanisms underlying oxidative stress (OS) resistance are not completely clear. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a good organism model to study OS because it displays stress responses similar to those in mammals.

Superior Efficacy and Safety of a Nonemulsive Variant of the NGcGM3/VSSP Vaccine in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients.

NGcGM3 ganglioside is a tumor-specific antigen expressed in human breast tumors. The NGcGM3/VSSP vaccine, consisting in very small-sized proteoliposomes (VSSP) obtained by the incorporation of NGcGM3 into the outer membrane protein complex of Neisseria meningitidis, has been previously tested in a Phase II trial in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) but emulsified with Montanide ISA 51. An Expanded Access study was carried out in MBC patients aiming to find if a nonemulsive formulation of NGcGM3/VSSP, without Montanide ISA 51, could be more safe and effective.

Commentary: Participation of Sox-1 Expression and Signaling of β-Catenin in the Pathophysiology of Generalized Seizures in Cerebellum of Rat.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans, and the role of cerebellum in its physiopathology remains the subject of study. Bergmann glia in the cerebellar cortex regulates the homeostasis of Purkinje cells, the axons of which target the dentate and interpositus nuclei, which form the main cerebellar output to other structures in the central nervous system involved in Epilepsy. Sox-1 is a transcription factor expressed in Bergmann glia and its binding to β-Catenin further inhibits the Wnt pathway.

The antiproliferative role of ERG K+ channels in rat osteoblastic cells.

We report on the role of K+ currents in the mechanisms regulating the proliferation of UMR 106-01 osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells. Electrophysiological analysis showed that UMR 106-01 cells produce robust K+ currents that can be pharmacologically separated into two major components: a E-4031-susceptible current, I E-4031, and a tetraethylammonium (TEA)-susceptible component, I TEA. Western blot and RT-PCR analysis showed that I E-4031 is produced by ether a go-go (eag)-related channels (ERG).

MPS-1 is a K+ channel beta-subunit and a serine/threonine kinase.

We report the first example of a K+ channel beta-subunit that is also a serine/threonine kinase. MPS-1 is a single-transmembrane domain protein that coassembles with voltage-gated K+ channel KVS-1 in the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochemical analysis shows that MPS-1 can phosphorylate KVS-1 and other substrates.

A family of K+ channel ancillary subunits regulate taste sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans.

We have identified a family of ancillary subunits of K(+) channels in Caenorhabditis elegans. MPS-1 and its related members MPS-2, MPS-3, and MPS-4 are detected in the nervous system of the nematode. Electrophysiological analysis in ASE neurons and mammalian cells and epigenetic inactivation by double-stranded RNA interference (RNAi) in vivo show that each MPS can associate with and functionally endow the voltage-gated K(+) channel KVS-1.

Effects of cannabinoids on endogenous K+ and Ca2+ currents in HEK293 cells.

Effects of cannabinoids on endogenous potassium and calcium currents in HEK293 cells were studied using the whole-cell variant of the patch-clamp technique. The cannabinoid agonists WIN 55,212-2, methanandamide, and anandamide (1 microM) decreased the calcium current by 53.1 +/- 2.