Biodegradation capabilities of filamentous fungi in high-concentration heavy crude oil environments.

In this comprehensive study, we delved into the capabilities of five fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium glabrum, and Penicillium rubens (the latter isolated from heavy crude oil [HCO]) in metabolizing HCO as a carbon source. Employing a meticulously designed experimental approach, conducted at room temperature (25 °C), we systematically explored various culture media and incubation periods. The results unveiled the exceptional resilience of all these fungi to HCO, with A.