Orally Administered Lactobacilli Strains Modulate Alveolar Macrophages and Improve Protection Against Respiratory Superinfection.

Orally administered immunomodulatory lactobacilli can stimulate respiratory immunity and enhance the resistance to primary infections with bacterial and viral pathogens. However, the potential beneficial effects of immunomodulatory lactobacilli against respiratory superinfection have not been evaluated. In this work, we showed that the feeding of infant mice with CRL1505 or MPL16 strains can reduce susceptibility to the secondary pneumococcal infection produced after the activation of TLR3 in the respiratory tract or after infection with RVS.

Modulation of the Gut-Lung Axis by Water Kefir and Kefiran and Their Impact on Toll-like Receptor 3-Mediated Respiratory Immunity.

The beneficial effect of milk kefir on respiratory heath has been previously demonstrated; however, water kefir and kefiran in the context of respiratory viral infections have not been investigated. Water kefir and kefiran could be alternatives to milk kefir for their application in persons with lactose intolerance or milk allergy and could be incorporated into vegan diets. Using mice models, this work demonstrated that the oral administration of water kefir or kefiran can modulate the respiratory Toll-like receptor (TLR3)-mediated innate antiviral immunity and improve the resistance to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.

Effect of cell-free culture on bacterial pathogens isolated from cystic fibrosis patients: and studies.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the cell-free supernatant of ATCC 10241 on the biofilm-forming capacity of strains isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In addition, the study evaluated the potential of the cell-free supernatant to modulate inflammation and reduce lung damage in mice infected with strains or co-challenged with and the group (SMG). The results showed that CF-derived strains can infect the respiratory tract of adult mice, inducing local inflammation and lung damage.

Screening and Characterization of Immunobiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria with Porcine Immunoassay Systems.

Microorganisms with the ability to modulate the immune system (immunobiotics) have shown to interact with different pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed in nonimmune and immune cells and exert beneficial effects on host's health maintenance and promotion. Suitable assay systems are necessary for an efficient and rapid screening of potential immunobiotic strains. More than a decade of research has allowed us to develop efficient in vitro models based on porcine receptors and cells (porcine immunoassay systems) to study the immunomodulatory effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB).

Isolation, characterization, and immunomodulatory activity evaluation of probiotic strains from colostrum and canine milk.

Background: This study aimed to characterize potential probiotic strains for use in dogs to prevent infectious enteropathies. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from canine milk and colostrum were characterized according to their functional properties, including their resistance to gastrointestinal conditions, inhibitory effect against pathogens, and intestinal adhesion.

Methods: The immunomodulatory effects of the strains were also analyzed in and studies.

In Silico Comparative Genomic Analysis Revealed a Highly Conserved Proteolytic System in .

, the type species of the genus , is widely recognized as the primary starter culture in the dairy industry due to its proteolytic activity, which enables it to growth in milk. In this study, a comprehensive genomic analysis of the proteolytic system was conducted on strains. The analysis included 27 genomes of , with a specific focus on the key enzyme involved in this system, the cell envelope-associated proteinase (CEP).

LOC1 Isolated from Fresh Tea Leaves Modulates Macrophage Response to TLR4 Activation.

Previously, we demonstrated that LOC1, originally isolated from fresh tea leaves, was able to improve epithelial barrier integrity in in vitro models, suggesting that this strain is an interesting probiotic candidate. In this work, we aimed to continue characterizing the potential probiotic properties of the LOC1 strain, focusing on its immunomodulatory properties in the context of innate immunity triggered by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation. These studies were complemented by comparative and functional genomics analysis to characterize the bacterial genes involved in the immunomodulatory capacity.

Oral Administration of CRL1505 Modulates Lung Innate Immune Response against ST25.

Orally administered CRL1505 enhances respiratory immunity, providing protection against respiratory viruses and . However, the capacity of the CRL1505 strain to improve respiratory immunity against Gram-negative bacterial infections has not been evaluated before. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the CRL1505 was able to beneficially regulate the respiratory innate immune response and enhance the resistance to hypermucoviscous KPC-2-producing of the sequence type 25 (ST25).

Hypermucoviscous Carbapenem-Resistant ST25 Infect Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Induce Moderate Inflammation.

is an opportunistic pathogen that can produce moderate and severe infections in immunosuppressed hosts. In recent years, an increase in the isolation of hypermucoviscous carbapenem-resistant with sequence type 25 (ST25) in hospitals in Norwest Argentina was observed. This work aimed to study the virulence and inflammatory potential of two ST25 strains (LABACER01 and LABACER27) in the intestinal mucosa.

Strains Modulate Intestinal Innate Immune Response and Increase Resistance to Enterotoxigenic Infection.

Currently, probiotic bacteria with not transferable antibiotic resistance represent a sustainable strategy for the treatment and prevention of enterotoxigenic (ETEC) in farm animals. is among the most versatile species used in the food industry, either as starter cultures or probiotics. In the present work, the immunobiotic potential of CRL681 and CRL1506 was studied to evaluate their capability to improve the resistance to ETEC infection.

Modulation of Alveolar Macrophages by Postimmunobiotics: Impact on TLR3-Mediated Antiviral Respiratory Immunity.

Beneficial microbes with immunomodulatory capacities (immunobiotics) and their non-viable forms (postimmunobiotics) could be effectively utilized in formulations towards the prevention of respiratory viral infections. In this study, novel immunobiotic strains with the ability to increase antiviral immunity in porcine alveolar macrophages were selected from a library of . Postimmunobiotics derived from the most remarkable strains were also evaluated in their capacity to modulate the immune response triggered by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in alveolar macrophages and to differentially regulate TLR3-mediated antiviral respiratory immunity in infant mice.

Genomic and Immunological Characterization of Hypermucoviscous Carbapenem-Resistant ST25 Isolates from Northwest Argentina.

In recent years, an increase in the prevalence hypermucoviscous carbapenem-resistant with sequence type 25 (ST25) was detected in hospitals of Tucuman (Northwest Argentina). In this work, the virulence and the innate immune response to two ST25 strains (LABACER 01 and LABACER 27) were evaluated in a murine model after a respiratory challenge. In addition, comparative genomics was performed with LABACER01 and LABACER27 to analyze genes associated with virulence.

CRL 581 Differentially Modulates TLR3-Triggered Antiviral Innate Immune Response in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Macrophages.

subsp. CRL 581 beneficially modulates the intestinal antiviral innate immune response triggered by the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly(I:C) in vivo. This study aimed to characterize further the immunomodulatory properties of the technologically relevant starter culture subsp.

Immunobiotic Lactobacilli Improve Resistance of Respiratory Epithelial Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Previously, we reported that immunomodulatory lactobacilli, nasally administered, beneficially regulated the lung antiviral innate immune response induced by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation and improved protection against the respiratory pathogens, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus in mice. Here, we assessed the immunomodulatory effects of viable and non-viable strains in human respiratory epithelial cells (Calu-3 cells) and the capacity of these immunobiotic lactobacilli to reduce their susceptibility to the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Immunobiotic MPL16 and CRL1506 differentially modulated IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL8, CCL5 and CXCL10 production and , , and expression in Calu-3 cells stimulated with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C).

Strains Isolated From the Porcine Gut Modulate Innate Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells and Improve Protection Against Intestinal Viral-Bacterial Superinfection.

Previously, we constructed a library of strains from the intestine of wakame-fed pigs and reported a strain-dependent capacity to modulate IFN-β expression in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells. In this work, we further characterized the immunomodulatory activities of strains from wakame-fed pigs by evaluating their ability to modulate TLR3- and TLR4-mediated innate immune responses in PIE cells. Two strains with a remarkable immunomodulatory potential were selected: FFIG35 and FFIG58.

Draft genome sequences of two hypermucoviscous carbapenem-resistant ST25 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains causing respiratory and systemic infections.

Objectives: The emergence and spread of hypermucoviscous KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains belonging to the sequence type 25 (ST25) clone was reported recently in Northwest Argentina as a leading cause of nosocomial infections. The aim of this work was to perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to analyse antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence factors and colonisation-associated genes in two carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing ST25 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalised patients.

Modulates Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in Respiratory Epithelial Cells.

In a previous work, we demonstrated that nasally administered 040417 beneficially modulated the respiratory innate immune response triggered by the activation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and improved protection against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in mice. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of 040417 in human respiratory epithelial cells and the potential ability of this immunobiotic bacterium to increase the protection against Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The respiratory commensal bacterium 040417 differentially modulated the production of IFN-β, IL-6, CXCL8, CCL5 and CXCL10 in the culture supernatants of Calu-3 cells stimulated with poly(I:C) or challenged with SARS-CoV-2.

Functional and Genomic Characterization of TUCO-L2 Isolated From Milk: A Promising Immunobiotic Strain to Combat Infections.

Potential probiotic or immunobiotic effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the milk of the South American camelid llama () have not been reported in published studies. The aim of the present work was to isolate beneficial LAB from llama milk that can be used as potential probiotics active against bacterial pathogens. LAB strains were isolated from llama milk samples.

Selection of Immunobiotic Strains from the Intestinal Tract of Wakame-Fed Pigs: Functional and Genomic Studies.

In this article, FFIG strains, isolated from the intestinal tract of wakame-fed pigs, are characterized according to their potential probiotic properties. Strains were evaluated by studying their interaction with porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells in terms of their ability to regulate toll-like receptor (TLR)-3- or TLR4-mediated innate immune responses, as well as by assessing their adhesion capabilities to porcine epithelial cells and mucins. These functional studies were complemented with comparative genomic evaluations using the complete genome sequences of porcine strains selected from subgroups that demonstrated different "immune" and "adhesion" phenotypes.

Immunobiotic TL2937 Alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Differentially Modulating the Transcriptomic Response of Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Immunobiotics have emerged as a promising intervention to alleviate intestinal damage in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the beneficial properties of immunobiotics are strain dependent and, therefore, each strain has to be evaluated in order to demonstrate its potential application in IBD. Our previous and studies demonstrated that TL2937 attenuates gut acute inflammatory response triggered by Toll-like receptor 4 activation.

Draft Genome Sequence of Ligilactobacillus salivarius FFIG58, Isolated from the Intestinal Tract of Wakame-Fed Pig.

FFIG58 was isolated from the intestine of a wakame-fed pig and sequenced with an Illumina HiSeq system. FFIG58 genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 1,984,180 bp, with 1,994 protein-coding genes and a GC content of 32.9%.

Evaluation of Porcine Intestinal Epitheliocytes as an In vitro Immunoassay System for the Selection of Probiotic Bifidobacteria to Alleviate Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The use of in vitro systems that allow efficient selection of probiotic candidates with immunomodulatory properties could significantly minimize the use of experimental animals. In this work, we generated an in vitro immunoassay system based on porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) administration that could be useful for the selection and characterization of potential probiotic strains to be used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Our strategy was based on two fundamental pillars: on the one hand, the capacity of PIE cells to create a monolayer by attaching to neighboring cells and efficiently mount inflammatory responses and, on the other hand, the use of two probiotic bifidobacteria strains that have been characterized in terms of their immunomodulatory capacities, particularly in mouse IBD models and patients.

Draft Genome Sequence of Ligilactobacillus salivarius TUCO-L2, Isolated from Lama glama Milk.

TUCO-L2 was isolated from llama milk in Bio-Bio, Chile, and sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform. TUCO-L2 genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 1,600,747 bp with 1,691 protein-coding genes and a GC content of 33%. This draft genome sequence will contribute to a better understanding of the microbiome of llama milk.

Exopolysaccharides From ST538 Modulate the Antiviral Innate Immune Response in Porcine Intestinal Epitheliocytes.

It was reported that exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from lactobacilli are able to differentially modulate mucosal antiviral immunity. Although research has described the ability of EPSs derived from to modulate the mucosal immune system, their impact on antiviral immunity was less explored. In this work, we investigated the capacity of the EPS-producing ST538 to modulate the innate antiviral immune response triggered by the activation of the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes (PIE cells).

Lipoteichoic Acid Is Involved in the Ability of the Immunobiotic Strain CRL1506 to Modulate the Intestinal Antiviral Innate Immunity Triggered by TLR3 Activation.

Studies have demonstrated that lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is involved in the immunomodulatory properties of some immunobiotic lactobacilli. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether LTA contributes to the capacity of CRL1506 in modulating the intestinal innate antiviral immune response. A D-alanyl-lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis protein () knockout CRL1506 strain (Δ) was obtained, and its ability to modulate Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3-mediated immune response was evaluated in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and in Balb/c mice.