Optic Disc Classification by Deep Learning versus Expert Neuro-Ophthalmologists.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence deep learning system with that of expert neuro-ophthalmologists in classifying optic disc appearance.

Methods: The deep learning system was previously trained and validated on 14,341 ocular fundus photographs from 19 international centers. The performance of the system was evaluated on 800 new fundus photographs (400 normal optic discs, 201 papilledema [disc edema from elevated intracranial pressure], 199 other optic disc abnormalities) and compared with that of 2 expert neuro-ophthalmologists who independently reviewed the same randomly presented images without clinical information.