Different effects of bariatric surgery on epigenetic plasticity in skeletal muscle of individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Aim: Bariatric surgery is highly effective for the treatment of obesity in individuals without (OB) and in those with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether bariatric surgery triggers similar or distinct molecular changes in OB and T2D remains unknown. Given that individuals with type 2 diabetes often exhibit more severe metabolic deterioration, we hypothesized that bariatric surgery induces distinct molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, the major site of glucose uptake, of OB and T2D after surgery-induced weight loss.

Novel markers and networks related to restored skeletal muscle transcriptome after bariatric surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to discover novel markers underlying the improvement of skeletal muscle metabolism after bariatric surgery.

Methods: Skeletal muscle transcriptome data of lean people and people with obesity, before and 1 year after bariatric surgery, were subjected to weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Results of LASSO were confirmed in a replication cohort.

Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression Signatures of Obese High and Low Responders to Endurance Exercise Training.

Context: Exercise training is known to improve glucose tolerance and reverse insulin resistance in people with obesity. However, some individuals fail to improve or even decline in their clinical traits following exercise intervention.

Objective: This study focused on gene expression and DNA methylation signatures in skeletal muscle of low (LRE) and high responders (RES) to 8 weeks of supervised endurance training.

Identification of MicroRNAs Associated with Prediabetic Status in Obese Women.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) recently emerged as means of communication between insulin-sensitive tissues to mediate diabetes development and progression, and as such they present a valuable proxy for epigenetic alterations associated with type 2 diabetes. In order to identify miRNA markers for the precursor of diabetes called prediabetes, we applied a translational approach encompassing analysis of human plasma samples, mouse tissues and an in vitro validation system. MiR-652-3p, miR-877-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-152-3p and let-7i-5p were increased in plasma of women with impaired fasting glucose levels (IFG) compared to those with normal fasting glucose and normal glucose tolerance (NGT).