Discovery and biological confirmation of a highly divergent Tacaribe virus in metatranscriptomic data from neotropical bats.

Unlabelled: First isolated from neotropical fruit bats in Trinidad in 1956, Tacaribe virus (TCRV) has rarely been detected since. We searched for New World arenavirus reads in roughly 5.7 million sequencing runs available on public databases using Serratus.

Gastrointestinal signals in supplemented media reveal a role in adherence for the autotransporter gene.

causes severe diarrheal disease worldwide. While many aspects of pathogenesis have been elucidated, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of putative chromosomally-encoded virulence genes. The uncharacterized gene encoded on the chromosome has significant nucleotide sequence identity to the fluffy () antigen 43 autotransporter gene in pathogenic .

Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains carrying the mcr-1 gene recovered from pigs in Lima-Peru.

Antibiotic resistance is a current problem that significantly impacts overall health. The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to urban areas primarily occurs through ARG-carrying bacteria present in the gut microbiota of animals raised in intensive farming settings, such as pig production. Hence, this study aimed to isolate and analyzed 87 Escherichia coli strains from pig fecal samples obtained from intensive farms in Lima Department.

Uncertain future for global sea turtle populations in face of sea level rise.

Sea level rise has accelerated during recent decades, exceeding rates recorded during the previous two millennia, and as a result many coastal habitats and species around the globe are being impacted. This situation is expected to worsen due to anthropogenically induced climate change. However, the magnitude and relevance of expected increase in sea level rise (SLR) is uncertain for marine and terrestrial species that are reliant on coastal habitat for foraging, resting or breeding.

Dysfunction of programmed embryo senescence is linked to genetic developmental defects.

Developmental senescence is a form of programmed senescence that contributes to morphogenesis during embryonic development. We showed recently that the SIX1 homeoprotein, an essential regulator of organogenesis, is also a repressor of adult cellular senescence. Alterations in the SIX/EYA pathway are linked to the human branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome, a rare congenital disorder associated with defects in the ears, kidneys and branchial arches.

A perfect storm: acute portal vein thrombosis in a patient with severe dengue and hemorrhagic manifestations-a case report.

Background: Dengue constitutes a public health problem in endemic regions. The clinical course can range from asymptomatic to severe expressions. Hemorrhagic manifestations are the most frequently reported complications; on the contrary, thrombotic complications are unusual.

Planetary, inertia-gravity and Kelvin waves on the -plane and -plane in the presence of a uniform zonal flow.

A linear wave theory of the Rotating Shallow-Water Equations (RSWE) is developed in a channel on the midlatitude -plane or -plane in the presence of a uniform mean zonal flow that is balanced geostrophically by a meridional gradient of the fluid surface height. Here we show that this surface height gradient is a potential vorticity (PV) source that generates Rossby waves even on the -plane similar to the generation of these waves by PV sources such as the -effect, shear of the mean flow and bottom topography. Numerical solutions of the RSWE show that the resulting Rossby, Poincaré and "Kelvin-like" waves differ from their counterparts without mean flow in both their phase speeds and meridional structures.

Bacteriophages against enteropathogens: rediscovery and refinement of novel antimicrobial therapeutics.

Purpose Of Review: Alarming rates of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and gastrointestinal dysbiosis associated with traditional antimicrobial therapy have led to renewed interests in developing bacteriophages as novel therapeutics. In this review, we highlight some of the recent advances in bacteriophage therapeutic development targeting important enteropathogens of the gastrointestinal tract.

Recent Findings: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, either to utilize the bacterial machinery to produce new progeny or stably integrate into the bacterial chromosome to ensure maintenance of the viral genome.

Ceramide Kinase Inhibition Blocks IGF-1-Mediated Survival of Otic Neurosensory Progenitors by Impairing AKT Phosphorylation.

Sphingolipids are bioactive lipid components of cell membranes with important signal transduction functions in health and disease. Ceramide is the central building block for sphingolipid biosynthesis and is processed to form structurally and functionally distinct sphingolipids. Ceramide can be phosphorylated by ceramide kinase (CERK) to generate ceramide-1-phosphate, a cytoprotective signaling molecule that has been widely studied in multiple tissues and organs, including the developing otocyst.

Within- and across-session increases in work requirement do not produce similar response output.

Demand curve fitting is a method of data analysis for interpreting reinforcer consumption. These methods were established and validated by examining increases in unit price (UP) across sessions. An alternative experimental preparation is the progressive-ratio (PR) schedule in which schedule requirements increase within a session.

Intranasal Immunization of Mice with Multiepitope Chimeric Vaccine Candidate Based on Conserved Autotransporters SigA, Pic and Sap, Confers Protection against .

Shigellosis is a diarrheal disease and the World Health Organization prompts the development of a vaccine against . The autotransporters SigA, Pic and Sap are conserved among a spp. We previously designed an in silico vaccine with immunodominat epitopes from those autotransporters, and the GroEL protein of typhi as an adjuvant.

Barotropic modes, baroclinic modes and equivalent depths in the atmosphere.

The equivalent depth of a rotating fluid layer determines the phase speed of all free (i.e. unforced) linear waves that propagate in it.

A Zinc-Dependent Metalloproteinase of Is Required in the Intracellular Adaptation of Macrophages.

is a pathogen that survives in macrophages. Several virulence factors participate in this process, including the open reading frame (ORF) BAB1_0270 codifying for a zinc-dependent metalloproteinase (ZnMP). Here, its contribution in the intracellular adaptation of was analyzed by infecting RAW264.

In silico design of a vaccine candidate based on autotransporters and HSP against the causal agent of shigellosis, Shigella flexneri.

Shigellosis is a diarrheal disease that causes high mortality every year, especially in children, elderly and immunocompromised patients. Recently, resistance strains to antibiotic therapy are in the rise and the World Health Organization prioritizes the development of a safe vaccine against the most common causal agent of shigellosis, Shigella flexneri. This pathogen uses autotransporter proteins such as SigA, Pic and Sap to increase virulence and some of them have been described as highly immunogenic proteins.

Reducing excessive questions in adults at adult-day training centers using differential-reinforcement-of-low rates.

Differential-reinforcement-of-low rate (DRL) schedules are often used to reduce, not eliminate, behavior. We systematically replicated Austin and Bevan (2011) to determine whether the number of questions asked by two adults with intellectual disabilities working at adult-day-training centers could be reduced using a full-session DRL. The full-session DRL involved delivery of a reinforcer at the end of the day if the number of questions asked was less than a specified number during the entire session.

Five-year Follow-up of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Immunized by Nasal Route with the Therapeutic Vaccine HeberNasvac.

A novel therapeutic vaccine for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment comprising the recombinant hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) and nucleocapsid (HBcAg) antigens has been developed. Preclinical and clinical trials (CT) evidenced safety and immunogenicity in animal models as well as in phases I, II, and III clinical trials. A phase I CT has conducted in Cuba in 6 CHB patients refractory or incomplete responders to α-IFN.

Using the past to contextualize anthropogenic impacts on the present and future distribution of an endemic Caribbean mammal.

Island species are difficult to conserve because they face the synergy of climate change, invasive species, deforestation, and increasing human population densities in areas where land mass is shrinking. The Caribbean island of Hispaniola presents particular challenges because of geopolitical complexities that span 2 countries and hinder coordinated management of species across the island. We employed species distribution modeling to evaluate the impacts of climatic change and anthropogenic activities on the distribution of an endemic mammal of conservation concern, the Hispaniolan solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus).

A coalescent-based estimator of genetic drift, and acoustic divergence in the Pteronotus parnellii species complex.

Determining the processes responsible for phenotypic variation is one of the central tasks of evolutionary biology. While the importance of acoustic traits for foraging and communication in echolocating mammals suggests adaptation, the seldom-tested null hypothesis to explain trait divergence is genetic drift. Here we derive F values from multi-locus coalescent isolation-with-migration models, and couple them with estimates of quantitative trait divergence, or P, to test drift as the evolutionary process responsible for phenotypic divergence in island populations of the Pteronotus parnellii species complex.

Segmentally homologous neurons acquire two different terminal neuropeptidergic fates in the Drosophila nervous system.

In this study, we identify the means by which segmentally homologous neurons acquire different neuropeptide fates in Drosophila. Ventral abdominal (Va)-neurons in the A1 segment of the ventral nerve cord express DH31 and AstA neuropeptides (neuropeptidergic fate I) by virtue of Ubx activity, whereas the A2-A4 Va-neurons express the Capa neuropeptide (neuropeptidergic fate II) under the influence of abdA. These different fates are attained through segment-specific programs of neural subtype specification undergone by segmentally homologous neurons.

Ga activity calibrations for nuclear medicine applications in Cuba.

The realization and dissemination of the Ga activity measurement unit in Cuba is presented. Firstly, the implementation of the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) method is described for the calibration of the activity concentration of a Ga solution using a Hidex™ commercial liquid scintillation counter and a FORTRAN code developed for the calculation of the Ga counting efficiencies in the given measurement system. The relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) associated with the Ga activity concentration obtained with the TDCR method is equal to 2%.

The Effects of Advance Notice on Problem Behavior Occasioned by Interruptions of an Ongoing Activity in a Young Girl with Autism.

The current study describes a trial-based functional analysis of problem behavior conducted in a home setting for a 7-year-old girl with autism. Problem behavior was occasioned by interruptions to an ongoing activity. Advance notice, in the form of a 2-min warning, and the sound of a timer were used to signal termination of a current activity and were effective at reducing problem behavior along with increasing compliance to the interruptive demands.

A Survey-Based Method to Evaluate Optimal Treatment Selection for Escape-Maintained Problem Behavior.

Geiger, Carr, and LeBlanc (2010) developed a decision-making model for escape-maintained problem behavior that could be used to guide the course of treatment selection. We used a digital survey to evaluate the model's potential usefulness. We presented novice and expert practitioners' written hypothetical scenarios and asked them to determine the optimal treatment in a given situation.

Analysis of lactation feed intakes for sows with extended lactation lengths.

The objectives of this research were to quantify and model daily feed intakes to 28 d of lactation in modern sows. A total of 4,512 daily feed intake (DFI) records were collected for 156 Hypor sows from February 2015 to March 2016. The mean lactation length was 27.