Genomic characterization of an esthesioneuroblastoma with spinal metastases: illustrative case.

Background: Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare neoplasm of the sinonasal tract. Currently, the optimal treatment includes maximal resection combined with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Although ENBs often recur and have an aggressive clinical course, spinal metastases are extremely rare and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.

Optic Perineuritis in an Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Introduction: Optic perineuritis (OPN) is a previously undescribed sequela of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here we present a case of OPN that developed several weeks after initial confirmation of the presence of novel coronavirus RNA in the nasopharynx by polymerase chain reaction assay and subsequent confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity in the absence of other systemic inflammatory or infectious markers.

Case Report: An asymptomatic 71-year-old man with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) tested RNA positive for SARS-CoV-2 during a routine screening of patients at a skilled nursing facility.

Intracranial bleeding following soccer-related head trauma in a young student with occult factor VII deficiency.

It is important to obtain coagulation tests to assess bleeding risk in trauma patients undergoing emergency surgery when a bleeding disorder may be obscured. Identifying specific clotting factor defects is critical in successful patient management.

Role of FDG-PET/MRI, FDG-PET/CT, and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion MRI in Differentiating Radiation Necrosis from Tumor Recurrence in Glioblastomas.

Background And Purpose: To compare the utility of quantitative PET/MRI, dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion MRI (pMRI), and PET/CT in differentiating radiation necrosis (RN) from tumor recurrence (TR) in patients with treated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Methods: The study included 24 patients with GBM treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide who presented with progression on imaging follow-up. All patients underwent PET/MRI and pMRI during a single examination.

Differentiation of recurrent spinal ependymoma from postradiation treatment necrosis through multiparametric PET-MR and perfusion MRI.

A 67-year-old male presented with papilledema and back pain localized to the T10 level. Initial workup revealed multifocal spinal ependymoma which was resected and treated with external beam radiotherapy. Nine years after treatment, the patient had a relapse of back pain, and MRI was inconclusive in distinguishing posttreatment radiation necrosis from recurrent tumor.

Rectal carcinoid tumor metastasis to a skull base meningioma.

Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing neuroendocrine tumors that most frequently develop in the gastrointestinal tract or lungs and have high potential for metastasis. Metastasis to the brain is rare, but to another intracranial tumor is extremely rare. Of the intracranial tumors, meningiomas are the most common to host metastases, which may be related to its rich vascularity and E-cadherin expression.

Hypophosphatemia is Associated with the Serial Administration of Triple-Dose Gadolinium to Patients for Brain MRI.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report a metabolic abnormality associated with frequent, triple-dose Gadolinium (TdGd) use in MS patients during BECOME trial.

Methods: Potential clinical adverse events and lab abnormalities were monitored at each monthly MRI visit. Hypophosphatemia was defined as phosphate <2.

Histologically Proven Radiation-Induced Brainstem Glioma 93 Months After External Beam Radiotherapy for Pituitary Macroadenoma: Radiation Treatment Dose and Volume Correlation.

Patient is a 29-year-old with a history of recurrent growth hormone-secreting pituitary macroadenoma diagnosed 12 years prior to presentation. Eight years prior to current presentation, the patient underwent re-resection and received 50.4 Gy external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in 28 fractions of 1.

Impact of inflammation on brain volume in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To study changes in brain volume measured monthly in patients treated for relapsing multiple sclerosis due to loss of tissue and the appearance of inflammation.

Design And Patients: The results from T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery axial images from 13 consecutive monthly 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging tests conducted on 74 patients diagnosed with relapsing multiple sclerosis in the BECOME study were used to calculate whole brain volumes using automated software analysis tools. The patients had been randomized to receive treatment with interferon beta-1b or glatiramer acetate.

Clinical consequences of MRI activity in treated multiple sclerosis.

Background: Inflammation on brain MRI is the most sensitive marker of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) but its clinical consequences remain controversial.

Objective: Here we investigated the clinical consequences of MRI activity in MS subjects treated with two different first line disease modifying agents.

Methods: Seventy-five treatment-naïve subjects with relapsing-remitting MS (N = 61) or clinically isolated syndromes at risk of MS (N = 14) from the BECOME study that had been randomized to interferon beta-1b (N = 39) or glatiramer acetate (N = 36) and followed for up to two years by monthly brain MRI optimized to detect inflammatory activity were studied for the clinical consequences of lack of MRI remission.

Serum levels of CXCL13 are elevated in active multiple sclerosis.

There is increasing recognition of the important role that B cells play in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently it was reported that the B cell chemokine CXCL13 is elevated in MS serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Here we study whether serum levels of CXCL13 are associated with active MS.

Learning and generalization deficits in patients with memory impairments due to anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture or hypoxic brain injury.

Human anterograde amnesia can result from a variety of etiologies, including hypoxic brain injury and anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm rupture. Although each etiology can cause a similarly severe disruption in declarative memory for verbal and visual material, there may be differences in incrementally acquired, feedback-based learning, as well as generalization. Here, 6 individuals who survived hypoxic brain injury, 7 individuals who survived ACoA aneurysm rupture, and 13 matched controls were tested on 2 tasks that included a feedback-based learning phase followed by a transfer phase in which familiar information is presented in new ways.

Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis mimicking lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma.

A 28-year-old woman with a 6-year history of optic neuropathy and 8 years of hearing loss had enhancing dural lesions around the brain stem and in both internal auditory canals on MRI. Histopathology from cranial procedures performed in 1990 and 1993 was originally interpreted as inflammatory meningioma, now known as lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma (LRM). Because the clinical course was more consistent with a relapsing process, the original surgical specimens were restudied with additional immunocytochemical stains.

Evaluation of intraaxial enhancing brain tumors on magnetic resonance imaging: intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for visualization and assessment, and implications for surgical intervention.

Object: The goal in this article was to compare 0.1 mmol/kg doses of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) and gadopentetate dimeglumine, also known as gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA), for enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of intraaxial brain tumors.

Methods: Eighty-four patients with either intraaxial glioma (47 patients) or metastasis (37 patients) underwent two MR imaging examinations at 1.

Contrast enhancement of central nervous system lesions: multicenter intraindividual crossover comparative study of two MR contrast agents.

Purpose: To prospectively compare gadobenate dimeglumine with gadopentetate dimeglumine (0.1 mmol per kilogram body weight) for enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of central nervous system (CNS) lesions.

Materials And Methods: This study was HIPAA-compliant at U.

Magnetic resonance imaging protocols for cervical disc disease: what is your neighbor up to?

Background And Purpose: To summarize the prevalence of particular protocols used for routine magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine.

Methods: Centers nationwide were asked to submit routine protocols for degenerative disease. Cases with a history of demyelinating disease or suspected cord lesions were excluded.