Correlation of Clinicopathological Features of Breast Cancer with Molecular Subtypes Taking Ki-67 into Consideration: Single Institution Experience Over 5 Years.

Background: Molecular classification of breast cancer is commonly done to determine response to therapy and cancer prognosis. Aim of the study was to compare prevalence of molecular subtypes of breast cancer in our institute using immunohistochemistry, including Ki-67, and correlate it with clinical and pathological prognostic factors.

Results: 300 cases of invasive breast cancer were included in the study.

Policeman to the Rescue; A Case of Ruptured Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare. Most cases present with acute abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock. Various modalities of treatment are available which range from conservative treatment to surgical excision of the tumour.

Amniotic band syndrome.

Amniotic band syndrome is an uncommon congenital disorder without any genetic or hereditary disposition. It involves fetal entrapment in strands of amniotic tissue and causes an array of deletions and deformations. Primary treatment is plastic and reconstructive surgery after birth with in utero fetal surgery also coming in vogue.

Peritonitis secondary to ruptured splenic abscess: a grave complication of typhoid fever.

Splenic abscesses are increasingly being identified, possibly due to widespread use of imaging modalities in clinical practice. The commonest clinical features are high grade fever and exclusively localised left upper quadrant abdominal pain. These symptoms are similar to most infectious diseases prevalent in the tropics, making imaging by ultrasonography or computer tomography a necessity in the diagnosis.

Double whammy - mediastinal and ovarian teratoma: a rare clinical co-existence.

Teratomas are germ cell tumours arising as the result of abnormal development of totipotential cells. They are commonly encountered in the gonads and occasionally found in mediastinum. We report a case of asymptomatic 28 years old lady with concomitant mature cystic teratoma in her mediastinum and left ovary which was diagnosed incidentally during health check up.

Comparative study of glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus surgical management of chronic anal fissure.

Chronic Anal Fissure (CAF) is common perineal condition and well-known painful entity. Standard surgical treatment even though available, may require long hospital stay and sometimes have worrying complications like anal incontinence. So non-surgical treatment, Glyceryl Trinitrate has been shown to be an effective for chronic anal fissure.

A Comparative Study on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology versus Fine Needle Capillary Cytology in Thyroid Nodules.

Objectives: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC/FNA) is the primary investigation for thyroid nodules. Fine needle capillary cytology (FNCC/FNC) is an alternative technique not commonly used, though it is easy to perform. Both the techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Clinical profile and surgical outcome of Meckel's diverticulum.

The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence and analyse the clinical profile and surgical outcome of the Meckel's diverticulum. This prospective study included 632 patients who were operated upon for acute abdomen during August 1999 to July 2004 in a single surgical unit. Pre-operative abdominal ultrasonography and plain x-ray abdomen erect were done depending on the necessity.

Evisceration of the appendix: a rare complication of intraperitoneal drainoge.

Evisceration through intraperitoneal drainage site is a rare complication and till date only five cases of appendicular evisceration have been reported. A similar case of appendicular evisceration in a young male patient who underwent laparotomy for strangulated diaphragmatic hernia has been reported.

Tuberculous mastitis presenting as breast abscess.

Tuberculous mastitis is a rare clinical entity and usually affects women from the Indian sub-continent and Africa. It often mimics breast carcinoma and pyogenic breast abscess clinically and radiologically, may both co-exist. Routine laboratory investigations are not helpful in its diagnosis.

Primary tuberculosis of submandibular salivary gland.

Tuberculosis of the submandibular salivary gland is a rare condition and only a few cases have been reported in literature. Tubercular sialadenitis is most frequently seen in immunosuppressed patients. Diagnosis of this disease is difficult.

Asymptomatic Meckel's diverticulum in adults: is diverticulectomy indicated?

Background/aim: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of the Meckel's diverticulum (MD) and to study its clinical profile and surgical outcome, as well as to check whether diverticulectomy is indicated for asymptomatic MD in adults.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study of 1332 patients who were operated upon for acute abdomen during the period August 1999 to July 2009 in a single surgical unit. Preoperative abdominal ultrasonography and plain x-ray abdomen (erect) were done depending on the necessity.

Primary Tuberculosis of the Appendix.

Primary (isolated) tuberculosis of the appendix is a clinical rarity, its reported incidence being 0.1 to 0.3%.

Double Meckel's diverticulum.

Meckel's diverticulum is present in 2% of the population. Duplications of the alimentary tract are rare congenital malformations. The small bowel is the commonest site of alimentary tract duplication.

Primary lymphoma of the colon.

Primary lymphoma of the colon is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and comprises only 0.2-1.2% of all colonic malignancies.

Spontaneous rupture of the malarial spleen.

Spontaneous rupture of the spleen is a well-described occurrence in many diseases, being most commonly found in malaria. Exact incidence of this complication is not clear. In this article, we discuss pathology, diagnostic approach and therapeutic options in a patient with malarial splenic rupture.

A turtle in the belly: helminthoma.

A helminthoma is an inflammatory tumor of the bowel wall, which results when an intestinal worm or larva penetrates the wall of the gut, usually the cecum or colon. A helminthoma can occur in any country where infestation of the intestinal tract with worms is common. It has been seen most often in West and East Africa and parts of South America.