Peer Support to Enhance Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Among African American and Latino Adults.

Social support occurs within complex social networks that are diffusely embedded within the social determinants of health. Social networks operate through five primary interconnected pathways: (1) provision of social support; (2) social influence; (3) social engagement; (4) social capital; and (5) social cohesion. Research has demonstrated that increased social support can have a beneficial impact on Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) prevention and outcomes through culturally tailored Diabetes Prevention Programs in minority communities.

Cost-Related Access Barriers, Medical Debt, and Dissatisfaction with Care Among Privately Insured Americans.

Background: Understanding experiences with private important to improving the quality of health care coverage.

Objective: To examine the association of health with cost-related access barriers, medical debt, and dissatisfaction with care among privately insured Americans.

Design: We classified Americans with private insurance by self-reported health status into five groups (excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor health).

Corrigendum to "Risk Factor Control Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Risk: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)" [American Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Volume 5, March 2021, 100147].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.

Increasing Equity While Improving the Quality of Care: JACC Focus Seminar 9/9.

This review summarizes racial and ethnic disparities in the quality of cardiovascular care-a challenge given the fragmented nature of the health care delivery system and measurement. Health equity for all racial and ethnic groups will not be achieved without a substantially different approach to quality measurement and improvement. The authors adapt a tool frequently used in quality improvement work-the driver diagram-to chart likely areas for diagnosing root causes of disparities and developing and testing interventions.

Cardiovascular Impact of Race and Ethnicity in Patients With Diabetes and Obesity: JACC Focus Seminar 2/9.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are highly prevalent and increasing in the United States among racial/ethnic minority groups. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is driven by many factors including elevated levels of adiposity, is an exemplar health disparities disease. Pervasive disparities exist at every level from risk factors through outcomes for U.

Association of Social Determinants of Health and Their Cumulative Impact on Hospitalization Among a National Sample of Community-Dwelling US Adults.

Importance: While the association between Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) and health outcomes is well known, few studies have explored the impact of SDOH on hospitalization.

Objective: Examine the independent association and cumulative effect of six SDOH domains on hospitalization.

Design: Using cross-sectional data from the 2016-2018 National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS), we used multivariable logistical regression models controlling for sociodemographics and comorbid conditions to assess the association of each SDOH and SDOH burden (i.

Risk factor control across the spectrum of cardiovascular risk: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Background: Presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (RFs) should prompt patients and their providers to work aggressively towards controlling those that are modifiable. The extent to which a greater CVD RF burden is related to CVD RF control in a contemporary and diverse Hispanic/Latino population is not well-understood.

Methods: Using multicenter community-based data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we assessed the self-reported prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and prevalent CVD (ischemic heart disease or stroke).

A telehealth-based randomized controlled trial: A model for outpatient trials of off-label medications during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04363203

The Hispanic paradox in the prevalence of obesity at the county-level.

Objective: The percentage of Hispanics in a county has a negative association with prevalence of obesity. Because Hispanic individuals are unevenly distributed in the United States, this study examined whether this protective association persists when stratifying counties into quartiles based on the size of the Hispanic population and after adjusting for county-level demographic, socioeconomic, healthcare, and environmental factors.

Methods: Data were extracted from the 2018 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation County Health Rankings.

Association of acculturation with cardiac structure and function among Hispanics/Latinos: a cross-sectional analysis of the echocardiographic study of Latinos.

Objective: Hispanics/Latinos, the largest immigrant population in the USA, undergo the process of acculturation and have a large burden of heart failure risk. Few studies have examined the association of acculturation on cardiac structure and function.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Examining the Utility of 30-day Readmission Rates and Hospital Profiling in the Veterans Health Administration.

Background: The Veterans Health Administration (VA) reports hospital-specific 30-day risk-standardized readmission rates (RSRRs) using CMS-derived models.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine and describe the interfacility variability of 30-day RSRRs for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), and pneumonia as a means to assess its utility for VA quality improvement and hospital comparison.

Research Design: A retrospective analysis of VA and Medicare claims data using one-year (2012) and three-year (2010-2012) data given their use for quality improvement or for hospital comparison, respectively.

Psychological Traits, Heart Rate Variability, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Healthy Aging Women-The Women's Health Initiative.

Objective: Psychological traits such as optimism and hostility affect coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, but mechanisms for this association are unclear. We hypothesized that optimism and hostility may affect CHD risk via changes in heart rate variability (HRV).

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from the Women's Health Initiative Myocardial Ischemia and Migraine Study.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Among Latinos in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.

Low blood dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels have strong positive associations with stroke and coronary heart disease. However, it is unclear whether DHEAS is independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, we examined the association between cardiovascular risk factors and DHEAS concentration among a high-risk population of Latinos (Puerto Ricans aged 45 to 75 years at baseline) in a cross-sectional analysis of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.