Microenvironmental pH measurement during sodium naproxenate dissolution in acidic medium by UV/vis imaging.

Variable dissolution from sodium salts of drugs containing a carboxylic acid group after passing the acidic environment of the stomach may affect oral bioavailability. The aim of the present proof of concept study was to investigate pH effects in relation to the dissolution of sodium naproxenate in 0.01M hydrochloric acid.

Real-time UV imaging of nicotine release from transdermal patch.

Purpose: This study was conducted to characterize UV imaging as a platform for performing in vitro release studies using Nicorette® nicotine patches as a model drug delivery system.

Methods: The rate of nicotine release from 2 mm diameter patch samples (Nicorette®) into 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.

An optimized method for the functional analysis of human regulatory T cells.

Naturally occurring regulatory T cells (Treg) suppress the activation of antigen-responsive T cells in a cell contact-dependent manner. In order to investigate the impact of soluble mediators and receptor-ligand interactions on the interplay between naive T cells and Treg, a reproducible suppressor cell assay which functions in the absence of additional feeder cells or antigen-presenting cells is mandatory. Here, we describe such a method which is suited to study the modulation of responder T cell/Treg interactions in vitro.

Improved enumeration of lactic acid bacteria in mesophilic dairy starter cultures by using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry-fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Nucleic acid-based assays were developed to enumerate members of the three taxa Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, L. lactis subsp.

An electrokinetic/hydrodynamic flow microfluidic CE-ESI-MS interface utilizing a hydrodynamic flow restrictor for delivery of samples under low EOF conditions.

A hydrodynamic flow restrictor (HDR) that is used to combine electrokinetic and hydrodynamic flow streams has been fabricated in a microfluidic channel by laser micromachining. Combining electrokinetic and hydrodynamic flow streams is challenging in microfluidic devices, because the hydrodynamic flow often overpowers the electrokinetic flow, making it more difficult to use low electroosmotic flow in the electrokinetic portion of the system. The HDR has been incorporated into a capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry interface that provides continuous introduction of a make-up solution and negates the hydrodynamic backpressure in the capillary electrophoresis channel to the extent that low EOF can be utilized.

Physiological aging of an all-ceramic restorative material.

Ceramic materials exposed to a liquid environment may be subject to stress corrosion and/or time-delayed failure. The intent of this project was to evaluate the susceptibility of a magnesia alumina spinel (Cerestore) to stress corrosion and degradation. Bars 2.

Determinants controlling iatrogenic external root resorption and repair during and after palatal expansion.

The mechanisms controlling iatrogenic external root resorption (ERR) and repair were studied on 8 Macaca fascicularis monkeys. The animals were divided into short-term and long-term groups, and were treated with jackscrew, magnetic and sham palatal expansion appliances. Scanning electron microscopy morphometric analysis found major evidence of ERR in the tooth-borne jackscrew appliance, in the long-term group, in the maxillary premolars, on the buccal and furcation root surfaces, on the mesiobuccal root, and in the apical zone.

Surface analysis of tarnished dental alloys.

Six crown and bridge alloys ranging in nobility between 25-63 wt % (18-45 at %) were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), as well as by L*a*b* colorimetry before and after in vitro tarnishing in artificial saliva with and without additions of 0.00016, 0.016, and 1.

Shear testing of the porcelain-metal bond.

A simple shear test was employed to determine the bonding strength of porcelain to a gold metal substrate and to a non-precious metal substrate after they had been aged in double-distilled water at 37 degrees C for four and 12 months. A 7.4% and 18.