Investigation of simple, objective, and effective indicators for predicting acute paraquat poisoning outcomes.

Initial symptoms of paraquat (PQ) toxicity are often not obvious, and the lack of advanced testing equipment and medical conditions in the primary hospital make it difficult to provide early diagnosis and timely treatment. To explore simple, objective, and effective indicators of prognosis for primary clinicians, we retrospectively analyzed acute PQ poisoning in 190 patients admitted to our hospital from 2008 to 2017. Based on their condition at the time of discharge, patients were categorized into either the survival group ( = 71) or the mortality group ( = 119).

Ambient fine particulate matter and ozone higher than certain thresholds associated with myopia in the elderly aged 50 years and above.

Although myopia has been largely ignored among the elderly population, there is an increased risk of myopia with advancing age. Ambient air pollution is one potential contributor to vision impairments, but few epidemiological studies have demonstrated such an association. This cross-sectional survey collected the information of 33,626 subjects aged ≥50 years in six developing countries during 2007-2010.

Ambient PM and O and their combined effects on prevalence of presbyopia among the elderly: A cross-sectional study in six low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Ambient air pollutant directly contacts with the eyes, however, the effect of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O) on vision impairment, such as presbyopia, has been kept largely unknown.

Methods: We surveyed a total of 36,620 participants aged 50 years and above in six low- and middle-income countries. Ambient annual concentrations of PM and O for the residential community were estimated using satellite data and chemical transport model.

Exposure to ambient air pollution and blood lipids in adults: The 33 Communities Chinese Health Study.

Background: Little information exists on the lipidemic effects of air pollution, particularly in developing countries. We aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with lipid levels and dyslipidemias in China.

Methods: In 2009, a total of 15,477 participants aged 18-74 years were recruited from the 33 Communities Chinese Health Study conducted in three Northeastern China cities.

Long-term exposure to ambient PM associated with fall-related injury in six low- and middle-income countries.

Exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked with adverse health outcomes of the circulatory and nervous systems. Given that falls are closely related to circulatory and nervous health, we hypothesize that air pollution may adversely affect fall-related injury. We employed Wave 1 data from 36,662 participants aged ≥50 years in WHO's Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health in six low- and middle-income countries.

Long-Term Effects of Ambient PM on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Older Chinese Adults.

Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate pollution (PM) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has also been hypothesized to be linked to PM However, epidemiological evidence has been mixed. We examined long-term association between ambient PM and hypertension and blood pressure.

Trends and correlates of marijuana use among late middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2002-2014.

Background: Recent trend studies suggest that marijuana use is on the rise among the general population of adults ages 18 and older in the United States. However, little is known about the trends in marijuana use and marijuana-specific risk/protective factors among American adults during the latter part of adulthood.

Method: Findings are based on repeated, cross-sectional data collected from late middle-aged (ages 50-64) and older adults (ages 65 and older) surveyed as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health between 2002 and 2014.

Veterans Affairs Saint Louis University Mental Status examination compared with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Short Test of Mental Status.

Objectives: To compare the ability of the Veterans Affairs Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia according to the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) with that of two other well-known screening instruments, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Short Test of Mental Status (STMS).

Design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: Saint Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center.

Falls, osteoporosis, and hip fractures.

Osteoporosis and falls are distinct conditions that share the potential clinical endpoint of fracture. This article explores the associations between osteoporosis and falls by examining the epidemiology, risk factors, risk prevention, and treatments. It outlines the evidence on falls prevention, osteoporosis diagnosis, and fracture risk assessment.

Testosterone is not associated with mortality in older African-American males.

INTRODUCTION. Although testosterone and its association with disease progression and mortality is a widely studied topic, no studies have evaluated mortality risks related to testosterone levels in an older African-American population. The mechanisms for known racial differences in mortality risk for certain cancers and cardiovascular risk factors are largely unknown.