Energetic evaluation of phenol wastewater treatment by reverse electrodialysis reactor using different anodes.

Efficient electrode materials are essential to convert salinity gradient energy into oxidative degradation energy and electrical energy by reverse electrodialysis reactor (REDR). In this context, comparative experiments of REDR using different anodes (Ti/IrO-RuO, Ti/PbO and Ti/TiO) were conducted. The effects of output current and electrode rinse solution (ERS) flowrate on mineralization efficiency and energy output were discussed.

The Mechanical Properties of Gangue Paste Material for Deep Mines: An Experimental and Model Study.

Gangue paste material is mainly composed of coal gangue with particle size, which is mixed with cement. Fly ash and additives can be added to change its performance. In this paper, the influence of each component on the mechanical properties of gangue paste material was studied by an orthogonal experiment.

Electrochemical removal of synthetic methyl orange dyeing wastewater by reverse electrodialysis reactor: Experiment and mineralizing model.

In this paper, the synthetic methyl orange (MO) dyeing wastewater treated by a reverse electrodialysis reactor (REDR) with 40 member pairs was investigated first. The boron-doped diamond (BDD) and carbon felt were adopted as an anode and a cathode in the REDR. The influences of operation parameters on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency were detected and explored.

P-cymene prevent high-fat diet-associated colorectal cancer by improving the structure of intestinal flora.

To investigate the preventing effect of P-cymene on high fat diet-related colorectal cancer and its mechanism. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into G1 group (high-fat diet), G2 group (high-fat diet + DMH), G3 group (high-fat diet + P-cymene), and G4 group (high-fat diet + DMH + P-cymene).G2 and G4 groups were subcutaneously injected with dimethylhydrazine (DMH), and G3 and G4 groups were intragastrically administered with P-cymene to investigate the effects of P-cymene on tumor formation, inflammatory factors, glucose, lipid metabolism and gut microbes.

The Anti-oxidant Monoterpene -Cymene Reduced the Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer in a Hyperlipidemia Rat Model by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines.

Background/aim: Overexpression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in obesity and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the monoterpene antioxidant p-cymene would reduce the incidence of CRC in a rat model of hyperlipidemia.

Materials And Methods: The hyperlipidemic CRC rat model was established by a high-fat diet and dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induction.

Room-Temperature Magnetism of Ceria Nanocubes by Inductively Transferring Electrons to Ce Atoms from Nearby Oxygen Vacancy.

Ceria (CeO) nanocubes were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and weak ferromagnetism was observed in room temperature. After ultraviolet irradiation, the saturation magnetization was significantly enhanced from ~3.18 × 10 to ~1.

Measurement system that improves the accuracy of polyp size determined at colonoscopy.

Aim: To assess the accuracy of polyp size using an endoscopic lesion measurement system (ELMS).

Methods: The accuracy of polyp size assessment was compared among measurements acquired by visual estimation, disposable graduated biopsy forceps (DGBF; used as a "scale-plate") and the ELMS.

Results: There were 192 polyps from 166 cases included in this study.

Use of disposable graduated biopsy forceps improves accuracy of polyp size measurements during endoscopy.

Aim: To determine the accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurements using disposable graduated biopsy forceps (DGBF).

Methods: Gradations accurate to 1 mm were assessed with the wire of disposable graduated biopsy forceps. When a polyp was noted, endoscopists determined the width of the polyp; then, the graduated biopsy forceps was inserted and the largest diameter of the tumor was measured.

Notepad-like triboelectric generator for efficiently harvesting low-velocity motion energy by interconversion between kinetic energy and elastic potential energy.

Great attention has been paid to nanogenerators that harvest energy from ambient environments lately. In order to give considerable output current, most nanogenerators require high-velocity motion that in most cases can hardly be provided in our daily life. Here we report a notepad-like triboelectric generator (NTEG), which uses simple notepad-like structure to generate elastic deformation so as to turn a low-velocity kinetic energy into high-velocity kinetic energy through the conversion of elastic potential energy.

Airflow-induced triboelectric nanogenerator as a self-powered sensor for detecting humidity and airflow rate.

Humidity sensors are commonly based on the resistance change of metal oxide semiconductors, which show high sensitivity in low humidity but low sensitivity in high humidity. In this work, we design a novel humidity sensor based on the airflow-induced triboelectric nanogenerator (ATNG) that can serve as a self-powered sensor to detect humidity (especially in high humidity) and airflow rate. The output current or voltage change is investigated under different humidity (20-100% relative humidity) at fixed airflow rate and different airflow rates (15-25 L/min) at a fixed humidity.

Photocatalytic activity of ZnWO₄: band structure, morphology and surface modification.

Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants is an important application area in solar energy utilization. To improve material photocatalytic properties, understanding their photocatalytic mechanism is indispensable. Here, the photocatalytic performance of ZnWO4 nanocrystals was systematicly investigated by the photodegradation of tetraethylated rhodamine (RhB) under simulated sunlight irradiation, including the influence of morphology, AgO/ZnWO4 heterojunction and comparison with CoWO4 nanowires.

A study of laparoscopic extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy after abdomino-perineal resection for rectal cancer.

Objective: To established a procedure for laparoscopic extraperitoneal ostomy after abdomino-perineal resection (APR) and study safety aspects and complications.

Method: From July 2011 to July 2012, 36 patients with low rectal cancer undergoing APR were included in the study and divided into extraperitoneal ostomy group (n = 18) and intraperitoneal ostomy group (n = 18). Short- and long-term complications were compared between the two groups.

Smooth muscle enfoldment internal sphincter construction after intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer.

Objective: To assess smooth muscle enfoldment and internal sphincter construction (SMESC) for improvement of continence after intersphincteric resection (ISR) for rectal cancer.

Methods: Twenty-four Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into a conventional ISR group and experimental SMESC group, with 12 pigs in each group. The proximal sigmoid colon was anastomosed directly to the anus in the ISR group.

[Study on accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurement by disposable graduated biopsy forceps].

Objective: To study the accuracy of endoscopic polyp size measurement by disposable graduated biopsy forceps (DGBF).

Methods: Accurate gradation of 1 mm was made in the wire of disposable graduated biopsy forceps, which was used to measure the size of tumors under endoscopy. Fifty-eight polyps from 43 patients underwent endoscopy in our department from May to June 2013 were enrolled.

Anal fistula plug vs mucosa advancement flap in complex fistula-in-ano: A meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of the anal fistula plug (AFP) compared to the mucosa advancement flap (MAF), considered the best procedure for patients with a complex anal fistula.

Methods: The literature search included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and OVID original studies on the topic of AFP compared to MAF for complex fistula-in-ano that had a deadline for publication by April 2011. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and prospective cohort studies were included in the review.

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms.

Background: Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are distributed widely in the plant kingdom; they are especially abundant in fruits and vegetables. More than 5,000 individual flavonoids have been identified and classified into more than 10 subgroups according to their chemical structure. Flavonoids have many possible biological effects that may play a role in cancer prevention.

[Distribution characteristics of colorectal neoplasm in 4450 patients and implication for colorectal cancer screening].

Objective: To study the distribution characteristics of colorectal neoplasm and evaluate the implication for colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: A total of 17,939 colonoscopies were performed in the National Center of Colorectal Surgery between October 2004 and June 2009. Characteristics of colorectal neoplasm including anatomical distribution, sex, and age were investigated.

Src family protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) modulates the effect of SGK1 and WNK4 on ROMK channels.

WNK4 (with no lysine kinase 4) inhibits ROMK channel activity in the distal nephron by stimulating clathrin-dependent endocytosis, an effect attenuated by SGK1 (serum-glucocorticoids-induced kinase)-mediated phosphorylation. It has been suggested that increased ROMK activity because of SGK1-mediated inhibition of WNK4 plays a role in promoting renal K secretion in response to elevated serum K or high K (HK) intake. In contrast, intravascular volume depletion also increases SGK1 activity but fails to stimulate ROMK channels and K secretion.

Angiotensin II signaling increases activity of the renal Na-Cl cotransporter through a WNK4-SPAK-dependent pathway.

Mutations in the kinase WNK4 cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a syndrome featuring hypertension and high serum K(+) levels (hyperkalemia). WNK4 has distinct functional states that regulate the balance between renal salt reabsorption and K(+) secretion by modulating the activities of renal transporters and channels, including the Na-Cl cotransporter NCC and the K(+) channel ROMK. WNK4's functions could enable differential responses to intravascular volume depletion (hypovolemia) and hyperkalemia.

Echinacea in infection.

Ongoing studies have developed strategies for identifying key bioactive compounds and chemical profiles in Echinacea with the goal of improving its human health benefits. Antiviral and antiinflammatory-antipain assays have targeted various classes of chemicals responsible for these activities. Analysis of polar fractions of E.

Death don't have no mercy and neither does calcium: Arabidopsis CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL2 and innate immunity.

Plant innate immune response to pathogen infection includes an elegant signaling pathway leading to reactive oxygen species generation and resulting hypersensitive response (HR); localized programmed cell death in tissue surrounding the initial infection site limits pathogen spread. A veritable symphony of cytosolic signaling molecules (including Ca(2+), nitric oxide [NO], cyclic nucleotides, and calmodulin) have been suggested as early components of HR signaling. However, specific interactions among these cytosolic secondary messengers and their roles in the signal cascade are still unclear.

An SGK1 site in WNK4 regulates Na+ channel and K+ channel activity and has implications for aldosterone signaling and K+ homeostasis.

The steroid hormone aldosterone is secreted both in the setting of intravascular volume depletion and hyperkalemia, raising the question of how the kidney maximizes NaCl reabsorption in the former state while maximizing K(+) secretion in the latter. Mutations in WNK4 cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a disease featuring increased renal NaCl reabsorption and impaired K(+) secretion. PHAII-mutant WNK4 achieves these effects by increasing activity of the Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) and the Na(+) channel ENaC while concurrently inhibiting the renal outer medullary K(+) channel (ROMK).

WNK4 regulates activity of the epithelial Na+ channel in vitro and in vivo.

Homeostasis of intravascular volume, Na(+), Cl(-), and K(+) is interdependent and determined by the coordinated activities of structurally diverse mediators in the distal nephron and the distal colon. The behavior of these flux pathways is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, the mechanisms that allow independent modulation of individual elements have been obscure. Previous work has shown that mutations in WNK4 cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII), a disease featuring hypertension with hyperkalemia, due to altered activity of specific Na-Cl cotransporters, K(+) channels, and paracellular Cl(-) flux mediators of the distal nephron.

CFTR is required for PKA-regulated ATP sensitivity of Kir1.1 potassium channels in mouse kidney.

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- channel plays vital roles in fluid transport in many epithelia. While CFTR is expressed along the entire nephron, its function in renal tubule epithelial cells remains unclear, as no specific renal phenotype has been identified in cystic fibrosis. CFTR has been proposed as a regulator of the 30 pS, ATP-sensitive renal K channel (Kir1.

Subunit-subunit interactions are critical for proton sensitivity of ROMK: evidence in support of an intermolecular gating mechanism.

The tetrameric K channel ROMK provides an important pathway for K secretion by the mammalian kidney, and the gating of this channel is highly sensitive to changes in cytosolic pH. Although charge-charge interactions have been implicated in pH sensing by this K channel tetramer, the molecular mechanism linking pH sensing and the gating of ion channels is poorly understood. The x-ray crystal structure KirBac1.