Nutritional quality and climate impact of Norwegian adults' diet classified according to the NOVA system.

Information about how ultra-processed foods (UPF) contribute to the intake of energy and nutrients and environmental impact is important for future food policies and dietary recommendations. This study assessed the contribution of the four NOVA food groups, including UPF, to energy intake, nutritional quality, and climate impact in Norwegian adults' diet. We used dietary data from 348 participants in the Norkost 4 pilot study, collected through two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls.

Responses to the updated Nutri-Score algorithms in Norway: A qualitative study among food system actors in the NewTools-project.

Background: Nutri-Score is a front-of-pack label grading foods and beverages from A to E indicating nutritional quality based on the foods' favorable and unfavorable components, and a contender in the ongoing debate on the possible implementation of a harmonized mandatory front-of-pack nutrition label in the European Union. NewTools is a research project on scoring systems for foods involving 28 partners representing actors involved in the Norwegian food system.

Objective: This study aimed to explore views reported by Norwegian food system actors on the advantages and disadvantages with the updated Nutri-Score algorithms for food and beverages (2022-2023).

Does the association between adiposity measures and pre-frailty among older adults vary by social position? Findings from the Tromsø study 2015/2016.

Introduction: Pre-frailty provides an ideal opportunity to prevent physical frailty and promote healthy ageing. Excess adiposity has been associated with an increased risk of pre-frailty, but limited studies have explored whether the association between adiposity measures and pre-frailty varies by social position.

Methods: We used data from the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study (Tromsø7) conducted in 2015-2016.

Environmental impact of Norwegian self-selected diets: comparing current intake with national dietary guidelines and EAT-Lancet targets.

Objectives: Dietary environmental impact in a Norwegian adult population was estimated for six environmental impact categories. Moreover, environmental benefits of scenario diets complying with the Norwegian Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) and the EAT-Lancet reference diet were assessed.

Design: The current diet of Norwegian adults was estimated according to 24-h dietary recall data from a national dietary surveillance survey (Norkost 3).

Mediators and moderators of the effects of a school-based intervention on adolescents' fruit and vegetable consumption: the HEIA study.

Objective: To examine whether targeted determinants mediated the effects of the HEalth In Adolescents (HEIA) intervention on fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and explore if these mediating effects were moderated by sex, parental education or weight status.

Design: Cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Setting: The HEIA study (2007-2009) was a Norwegian 20-month multi-component school-based intervention to promote healthy weight development.

Secular trends in infant feeding practices during the first year of life in Norway: findings from 1998 to 2019 - the Spedkost surveys.

The aims of the present study were to assess secular trends in breast-feeding and to explore associations between age at introduction of solid foods and breast-feeding duration. Data from three national dietary surveys in Norway were used, including infants born in 1998 (Spedkost 1, 1537), 2006 (Spedkost 2, 1490) and 2018 (Spedkost 3, 1831). In all surveys, around 80 % of the infants were breastfed at 6 months of age.

Development of the Norwegian diet index and the Norwegian lifestyle index and evaluation in a national survey.

Background: Dietary and lifestyle indices are composite tools that are used to estimate risk of health outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to develop a diet and a lifestyle index assessing adherence to the national guidelines in Norway, and to investigate adherence in a nationwide survey of healthy subjects (Norkost3).

Design: Cut-off values for the indices were based on the Norwegian food based dietary guidelines and national lifestyle guidelines.

Discretionary foods and drinks in Norwegian children and adolescents' diet: data from the national dietary survey Ungkost 3.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the amount of discretionary foods and drinks consumed by Norwegian children and adolescents, describe how such products contribute to the intake of total energy and nutrients, and study the distribution in intake of discretionary foods and drinks across different meals. Secondly, the aim was to explore factors associated with those children and adolescents having the highest consumption of discretionary foods and drinks.

Design: Secondary analysis of data from a national survey of dietary intake among Norwegian children and adolescents.

Environmental and nutritional assessment of young children's diets in Norway: comparing the current diet with national dietary guidelines and the EAT-Lancet reference diet.

Purpose: Introducing healthy and sustainable diets early in life can promote lifelong healthy dietary patterns with a low environmental impact. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the environmental and nutritional consequences of a dietary change for 2-year-old children in Norway towards healthier dietary patterns.

Methods: Environmental impacts of the current habitual diet among 2-year-olds (n = 1413) were estimated for six impact categories and compared with scenario diets based on the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) and the EAT-Lancet Commission reference diet.

The Use of a Decision Support System (MyFood) to Assess Dietary Intake Among Free-Living Older Adults in Norway: Evaluation Study.

Background: The proportion of older adults in the world is constantly increasing, and malnutrition is a common challenge among the older adults aged ≥65 years. This poses a need for better tools to prevent, assess, and treat malnutrition among older adults. MyFood is a decision support system developed with the intention to prevent and treat malnutrition.

Fish intake and pre-frailty in Norwegian older adults - a prospective cohort study: the Tromsø Study 1994-2016.

Background: Pre-frailty is an intermediate, potentially reversible state before the onset of frailty. Healthy dietary choices may prevent pre-frailty. Fish is included in most healthy diets, but little is known about the association between long-term habitual fish intake and pre-frailty.

Intervention-related, contextual and personal factors affecting the implementation of an evidence-based digital system for prevention and treatment of malnutrition in elderly institutionalized patients: a qualitative study.

Background: Malnutrition in elderly institutionalized patients is a significant challenge associated with adverse health outcomes. The 'MyFood' decision support system was designed to prevent and treat malnutrition and has previously been studied in a hospital setting. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of nursing staff regarding the implementation of MyFood in settings treating elderly patients.

Body mass index, waist circumference and pre-frailty/frailty: the Tromsø study 1994-2016.

Objective: This study investigated the association between obesity, assessed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and pre-frailty/frailty among older adults over 21 years of follow-up.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Population-based study among community-dwelling adults in Tromsø municipality, Norway.

Low inter-rater reliability between nurses and researchers for the NRS-2002 screening tool for malnutrition in a hematological hospital ward.

Background & Aims: NRS-2002 is one of the recommended tools to screen hospitalized patients for malnutrition. NRS-2002 is considered as valid and reliable, but little is known about the inter-rater reliability between different groups of healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to test the inter-rater reliability of the NRS-2002 tool between department nurses and researchers.

Secular and longitudinal trends in body composition: The Tromsø Study, 2001 to 2016.

Objective: Overweight, defined as excessive fat mass, is a long-standing worldwide public health challenge. Traditional anthropometric measures used to identify overweight and obesity do not assess body composition. The aim of this study was to examine population trends in general and abdominal fat mass during the past two decades.

Exploring intervention components in association with changes in preschool children's vegetable intake: the BRA-study.

Objective: The present study aimed to explore kindergarten staffs' perceived usefulness of intervention components in association with changes in children's vegetable intake and vegetables served in the kindergarten. Assessment of the perceived usefulness of intervention components consisted of a paper-based questionnaire for the kindergarten staff assessing usefulness of posters, supplementary material and 1-day inspirational course. Children's vegetable intake in the kindergarten was assessed by direct observation, while vegetables served was assessed by a 5-day weighted vegetable diary.

Process evaluation of the implementation of a decision support system to prevent and treat disease-related malnutrition in a hospital setting.

Background: Malnutrition is present in 30% of hospitalized patients and has adverse outcomes for the patient and the healthcare system. The current practice for nutritional care is associated with many barriers. The MyFood decision support system was developed to prevent and treat malnutrition.

The associations between maternal and child diet quality and child ADHD - findings from a large Norwegian pregnancy cohort study.

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Effective long-term treatment options are limited, which warrants increased focus on potential modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between maternal diet quality during pregnancy and child diet quality and child ADHD symptoms and ADHD diagnosis.

Effects of using the MyFood decision support system on hospitalized patients' nutritional status and treatment: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Aims: Compliance to guidelines for disease-related malnutrition is documented as poor. The practice of using paper-based dietary recording forms with manual calculation of the patient's nutritional intake is considered cumbersome, time-consuming and unfeasible among the nurses and does often not lead to appropriate nutritional treatment. We developed the digital decision support system MyFood to deliver a solution to these challenges.

Energy and nutrient intakes in relation to National Nutrition Recommendations in a Norwegian population-based sample: the Tromsø Study 2015-16.

Introduction: According to the Global Burden of Disease project, unhealthy diet accounts for most of the disease burden in Norway. Current recommendations on nutrient intake in Norway reflect those published in the evidence-based Nordic Nutrition Recommendations from 2012 (NNR2012).

Aim: To study energy and nutrient intakes and compliance with the NNR2012 among women and men in a population-based study.

Effects of a kindergarten intervention on vegetables served and staff's food-related practices: results of a cluster randomised controlled trial - the BRA study.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect on frequency, variety and amount of vegetables served and staff's food-related practices in the multicomponent BRA intervention.

Design: Cluster randomised controlled trial, conducted between Spring 2015 and Spring 2016. For allocation of the kindergartens, a stratified block randomisation was used.

Long-term effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial on vegetable intake among Norwegian 3-5-year-olds: the BRA-study.

Objective: To report on long-term effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial, which aimed to increase vegetable intake among Norwegian preschool children (3-5 years at baseline). The effects of the intervention at follow-up 1 (immediately post-intervention) have previously been published. This paper presents the effects of the intervention from baseline to follow-up 2 (12 months post-intervention).

Exploring the workplace climate and culture in relation to food environment-related factors in Norwegian kindergartens: The BRA-study.

Background: Kindergartens represent an important arena for promoting vegetable intake when it is essential to establish healthy dietary behaviours early in life. To develop and implement successful interventions targeting dietary behaviours in kindergartens, a good understanding of the factors influencing their food environment and the interplay between these factors is essential. The present study aimed to explore associations between workplace climate and culture in the kindergarten setting and the staff's food-related practices, vegetables served and the possible mediating role of staff's food-related practices.