Midlife stress-related exhaustion and dementia incidence: a longitudinal study over 50 years in women.

Backgrounds: Cognitive problems are common symptoms among individuals with stress-related exhaustion. It is still unknown whether these individuals are at a higher risk of developing dementia later. This study aims to examine the relationship between midlife stress-related exhaustion and dementia incidence.

Handling conflict situations in psychosis inpatient care: Nursing staff experiences of the Interactive Approach model.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: In inpatient wards, there is a risk that conflicts occur when nursing staff interact with psychotic patients. The Interactive Approach (IA) model is an action-based model, used in psychiatric settings, to manage conflict situations. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The IA model can be used to improve communication between nursing staff and patients in numerous critical situations.

Attrition in the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort studies, an 18-year follow-up of the 1930 cohort.

Background: Longitudinal studies are essential to understand the ageing process, and risk factors and consequences for disorders, but attrition may cause selection bias and impact generalizability. We describe the 1930 cohort of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, followed from age 70 to 88, and compare baseline characteristics for those who continue participation with those who die, refuse, and drop out for any reason during follow-up.

Methods: A population-based sample born 1930 was examined with comprehensive assessments at age 70 ( = 524).

Six-year mortality associated with living alone and loneliness in Swedish men and women born in 1930.

Background: This study examined how living alone and loneliness associate with all-cause mortality in older men and women.

Methods: Baseline data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, including 70-year-olds interviewed in 2000 and 75-year-olds (new recruits) interviewed in 2005 were used for analyses (N = 778, 353 men, 425 women). Six-year mortality was based on national register data.

Successful rehabilitation after multiple severe complications following orthognathic surgery: a case report.

Background: Complications of orthognathic surgery are quite rare, but they cause suffering in affected individuals. The range of complications is broad and includes both hard and soft tissue.

Case Presentation: We here present a case of a fully healthy woman without signs of impaired healing capacity.

Longstanding smoking associated with frontal brain lobe atrophy: a 32-year follow-up study in women.

Objective: To examine the association between midlife tobacco smoking and late-life brain atrophy and white matter lesions.

Methods: The study includes 369 women from the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Cigarette smoking was reported at baseline 1968 (mean age=44 years) and at follow-up in 1974-1975 and 1980-1981.

Patient safety culture in home care settings in Sweden: a cross-sectional survey among home care professionals.

Background: The connection between a weak patient safety culture and adverse patient events is well known, but although most long-term care is provided outside of hospitals, the focus of patient safety culture is most commonly on inpatient care. In Sweden, more than a third of people who receive care at home have been affected by adverse events, with the majority judged to be preventable. The aim of this study was to investigate the patient safety culture among care professionals working in care at home with older people.

Sleep disturbances and change in multiple cognitive domains among older adults: a multicenter study of five Nordic cohorts.

Study Objectives: We examined and compared cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep disturbances and various cognitive domains in five separate Nordic European longitudinal aging studies (baseline N = 5631, mean age = 77.7, mean follow-up = 4.16 years).

The effect of alcohol consumption on all-cause mortality in 70-year-olds in the context of other lifestyle risk factors: results from the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort study.

Background: In this study, we examined the effect of alcohol, as well as the combined effect of seven lifestyle factors, on all-cause mortality in older adults (baseline age 70 years).

Methods: Data was derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort study, including 1124 participants from the 2014-16 examination. Risk consumption was defined as  > 98 g alcohol per week, and hazardous drinking was based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption questionnaire (AUDIT-C).

Vision-related quality of life among 70-year-olds diagnosed with glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of glaucoma on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL), lifestyle, physical factors and socioeconomic status in a 70-year-old population in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Methods: Responses to questionnaires (N = 1182) between groups with and without self-reported glaucoma were analysed. Questionnaires included National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), physical activity, socioeconomics, alcohol and tobacco consumption.

The prevalence of glaucoma in a 70-year-old Swedish population in the city area of Gothenburg.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in a population of 70-year-olds in Gothenburg, Sweden and to compare the visual function between the glaucoma population and the non-glaucoma population.

Methods: Of the entire cohort (n = 1203), 1182 participants responded a questionnaire on self-reported glaucoma and were tested for blood pressure (BP) and diabetes. In all, 560 participants underwent ophthalmic examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), contrast sensitivity (CS), perimetry and photos of the retina and lens.

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Associated Factors in a Population-Based Sample of 70-Year-Olds: Data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study 2014-16.

Older adults of today consume more alcohol, yet knowledge about the factors associated with different consumption levels is limited in this age group. Based on the data from a population-based sample (n = 1156, 539 men and 617 women) in The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study 2014−16, we examined sociodemographic, social, and health-related factors associated with alcohol consumption levels in 70-year-olds, using logistic regression. Total weekly alcohol intake was calculated based on the self-reported amount of alcohol consumed.

Randomised controlled trial of the short-term effects of osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate on symptoms and behavioural outcomes in young male prisoners with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: CIAO-II study.

Background: Research has shown that 20-30% of prisoners meet the diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate reduces ADHD symptoms, but effects in prisoners are uncertain because of comorbid mental health and substance use disorders.

Aims: To estimate the efficacy of an osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-methylphenidate) in reducing ADHD symptoms in young adult prisoners with ADHD.

A multicentre simulation study of planar whole-body bone scintigraphy in Sweden.

Background: Whole-body bone scintigraphy is a clinically useful non-invasive and highly sensitive imaging method enabling detection of metabolic changes at an early stage of disease, often earlier than with conventional radiologic procedures. Bone scintigraphy is one of the most common nuclear medicine methods used worldwide. Therefore, it is important that the examination is implemented and performed in an optimal manner giving the patient added value in the subsequent care process.

Association between serum urate and CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds.

Introduction: The relationship between urate and biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology has not been investigated.

Methods: We examined whether serum concentration of urate was associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, amyloid beta (Aβ), Aβ, phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), neurofilament light (NfL), and Aβ/Aβ ratio, in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals from Gothenburg, Sweden. We also evaluated whether possible associations were modulated by the apolipoprotein E () ε4 allele.

Perceptions of providing safe care for frail older people at home: A qualitative study based on focus group interviews with home care staff.

Background: Providing safe care is a core competence in healthcare. The concept usually refers to hospitals but, consistent with the increasing importance of integrated care, the provision of safe care needs to be extended to the context of home care, and more research is needed concerning home healthcare providers' perspectives in this context.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe care providers' perceptions of providing safe care for frail older persons living at home.

Sex differences in dementia and response to a lifestyle intervention: Evidence from Nordic population-based studies and a prevention trial.

Introduction: Evidence on sex differences in the risk for dementia has been mixed. The goal was to assess sex differences in the development of dementia, and in the effects of a lifestyle intervention.

Methods: Two strategies were adopted, one using combined data from three large Nordic population-based cohort studies (n = 2289), adopting dementia as outcome, and 2-year multidomain lifestyle intervention (n = 1260), adopting cognitive change as outcome.

Reproductive period and preclinical cerebrospinal fluid markers for Alzheimer disease: a 25-year study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the association between reproductive period, as an indicator of endogenous estrogen, and levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD).

Methods: A population-based sample of women from Gothenburg, Sweden was followed from 1968 to 1994 (N = 75). All women had natural menopause and were free from dementia.

Activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability in Swedish 85-year-olds born three decades apart-findings from the H70 study.

Objective: Older adults make up the fastest growing segment of the population, and disability rates increase with age. There is much debate whether later born cohorts of 85-year-olds will face the same disability rates as earlier born cohorts. This study aimed to examine ADL and IADL disability in three birth cohorts of Swedish 85-year-olds born three decades apart, examined in 1986-87, 2008-10 and 2015-16, as well as potential factors associated with ADL and IADL disability in these birth-cohorts.