Screening and treatment of tuberculosis among pregnant women in Stockholm, Sweden, 2016-2017.

Swedish National tuberculosis (TB) guidelines recommend screening of active and latent TB (LTBI) among pregnant women (PW) from high-endemic countries or with previous exposure to possibly improve early detection and treatment.We evaluated cascade of care of a newly introduced TB screening programme of pregnant women in Stockholm county in 2016-2017. The algorithm included clinical data and Quantiferon (QFT) at the Maternal Health Care clinics and referral for specialist care upon positive test or TB symptoms.

Quality of life of patients on treatment for latent tuberculosis infection: a mixed-method study in Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Unlike active tuberculosis, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is asymptomatic and often considered not to affect the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients. However, being diagnosed with and treated for LTBI can be associated with adverse clinical evens such side effects of treatment as well as psychosocial challenges. Therefore, the aims of this study were to qualitatively explore patients' experiences during diagnosis and treatment of LTBI in Stockholm measure their HRQoL, and contrast and merge the results to better understand how the HRQoL of these patients is affected.

Correction: Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.

Crystal structures exploring the origins of the broader specificity of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin compared to cholera toxin.

Cholera toxin (CT) and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) are structurally and functionally related and share the same primary receptor, the GM1 ganglioside. Despite their extensive similarities, these two toxins exhibit distinct ligand specificities, with LT being more promiscuous than CT. Here, we have attempted to rationalize the broader binding specificity of LT and the subtle differences between the binding characteristics of LTs from human and porcine origins (mediated by their B subunit pentamers, hLTB and pLTB, respectively).

Carbohydrate binding specificities and crystal structure of the cholera toxin-like B-subunit from Citrobacter freundii.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae are well known causative agents of severe diarrheal diseases. Both pathogens produce AB(5) toxins, with one enzymatically active A-subunit and a pentamer of receptor-binding B-subunits. The primary receptor for both B-subunits is the GM1 ganglioside (Galbeta3GalNAcbeta4(NeuAcalpha3)Galbeta4GlcbetaCer), but the B-subunits from porcine isolates of E.

Campylobacter jejuni colonization in wild birds: results from an infection experiment.

Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in most parts of the world. The bacterium has a broad host range and has been isolated from many animals and environments. To investigate shedding patterns and putative effects on an avian host, we developed a colonization model in which a wild bird species, the European Robin Erithacus rubecula, was inoculated orally with C.

No direct binding of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli to E. coli lipopolysaccharides.

A novel carbohydrate binding site recognizing blood group A and B determinants in a hybrid of cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B-subunits (termed LCTBK) has previously been described, and also the native heat-labile enterotoxin bind to some extent to blood group A/B terminated glycoconjugates. The blood group antigen binding site is located at the interface of the B-subunits. Interestingly, the same area of the B-subunits has been proposed to be involved in binding of the heat-labile enterotoxin to lipopolysaccharides on the bacterial cell surface.

Sulfatide recognition by colonization factor antigen CS6 from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

The first step in the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections is adhesion of the bacterium to the small intestinal epithelium. Adhesion of ETEC is mediated by a number of antigenically distinct colonization factors, and among these, one of the most commonly detected is the non-fimbrial adhesin coli surface antigen 6 (CS6). The potential carbohydrate recognition by CS6 was investigated by binding of recombinant CS6-expressing E.

The major subunit, CfaB, of colonization factor antigen i from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is a glycosphingolipid binding protein.

Bacterial adherence to mucosal surfaces is an important virulence trait of pathogenic bacteria. Adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to the intestine is mediated by a number of antigenically distinct colonization factors (CFs). One of the most common CFs is CFA/I.