Radiographic Progression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Remission or Low Disease Activity: Results from a Swiss National Registry (SCQM).

The therapeutic aim for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is to control disease activity and prevent radiographic progression. Various clinical scores are used to assess disease activity in RA patients. The DAS 28 score can define states of low disease activity (LDA) and remission.

Association between inflammatory joint disease and severe or treatment-resistant depression: population-based cohort and case-control studies in Sweden.

Objective: To investigate whether the association between depression and inflammatory joint disease (IJD; rheumatoid arthritis [RA], psoriatic arthritis [PsA], ankylosing spondylitis/spondyloarthropathies [AS], and juvenile idiopathic arthritis [JIA]) is affected by the severity or treatment-resistance of depression.

Method: Parallel cohort studies and case-control studies among 600,404 patients with a depressive episode identified in Swedish nationwide administrative registers. Prospective and retrospective risk for IJD in patients with depression was compared to matched population comparators, and the same associations were investigated in severe or treatment-resistant depression.

The association between exposure to clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine and the outcomes perimyocarditis and heart failure: A population-based cohort study.

The risk of cardiac adverse events following clozapine use is debated and is unknown for the chemically related and widely used antipsychotics olanzapine and quetiapine. National Swedish registers were used to identify all patients 16-75 years old with antipsychotic dispensations between 2005 and 2018. The short-term outcome was a diagnosis of perimyocarditis (pericarditis and/or myocarditis) within two months of first dispensation, and the long-term outcome was heart failure (including cardiomyopathy) within three years.

Response to electroconvulsive therapy in treatment-resistant depression: nationwide observational follow-up study.

Background: Previous studies have not investigated response rates after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with non-psychotic treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Aims: To assess and compare the response rate of ECT for patients with TRD and non-TRD, in a large and clinically representative patient sample.

Method: Patients aged ≥18 years, who were treated for a unipolar, non-psychotic depressive episode with at least one ECT session as part of a first-time, index ECT series between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2017 were included from the Swedish National Quality Register for ECT.

The value of process evaluation for public health interventions: field-case studies for non-communicable disease prevention and management in five countries.

Complex interventions are needed to effectively tackle non-communicable diseases. However, complex interventions can contain a mix of effective and ineffective actions. Process evaluation (PE) in public health research is of great value as it could clarify the mechanisms and contextual factors associ-ated with variation in the outcomes, better identify effective components, and inform adaptation of the intervention.

Health care utilisation in treatment-resistant depression: a Swedish population-based cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the health care utilisation (HCU) among patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) compared to patients with depression not meeting TRD criteria.

Methods: Nationwide Swedish registers were used to identify patients 18-69 years old with incident depression and antidepressant treatment. Patients were followed prospectively and defined as having TRD at start of the third distinct consecutive treatment episode.

A Mobile Health Intervention for Patients With Depressive Symptoms: Protocol for an Economic Evaluation Alongside Two Randomized Trials in Brazil and Peru.

Background: Mobile health interventions provide significant strategies for improving access to health services, offering a potential solution to reduce the mental health treatment gap. Economic evaluation of this intervention is needed to help inform local mental health policy and program development.

Objective: This paper presents the protocol for an economic evaluation conducted alongside 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a psychological intervention delivered through a technological platform (CONEMO) to treat depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, hypertension, or both.

The use of uncertain exposure-A method to define switching and add-on in pharmacoepidemiology.

Purpose: When defining exposure to pharmacological treatments in pharmacoepidemiology, register data often do not provide information regarding if a pharmacological treatment is a switch or an add-on. This study aims to compare two methods defining switching and add-on therapies and their impact on exposure-outcome associations. Additionally, to guide bias reduction, it aims to describe how the methods relate to immortal time bias and selection bias.

Response rate and subjective memory after electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders with psychiatric comorbidity.

Background: Response rates after and tolerability of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in depressive disorders with psychiatric comorbidity are uncertain.

Methods: Data on patients with a depressive episode and a first course of ECT were collected from the Swedish National Quality Register for ECT. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for gender, age, and depressive episode severity, were used to compare patients with and without comorbidity.

Effect of a Digital Intervention on Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Comorbid Hypertension or Diabetes in Brazil and Peru: Two Randomized Clinical Trials.

Importance: Depression is a leading contributor to disease burden globally. Digital mental health interventions can address the treatment gap in low- and middle-income countries, but the effectiveness in these countries is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a digital intervention in reducing depressive symptoms among people with diabetes and/or hypertension.

A register-based approach to identifying treatment-resistant depression-Comparison with clinical definitions.

Background: Several definitions of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are used for clinical research, but no verified model for use in register data exists. We aimed to compare a novel model created for use in register data-the Karolinska Institutet Model (KIM)-to the clinical definitions regarding the proportion of patients identified with TRD, their characteristics and clinical outcomes.

Methods: All patients in Sweden initiating antidepressant treatment with a diagnosis of depression in specialized healthcare 2006-2014 were identified and followed in national registers.

Risk and risk factors for disability pension among patients with treatment resistant depression- a matched cohort study.

Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is common among patients with depression, and is associated with clinical and functional disability. However, the risk and risk factors for being granted disability pension (DP) among patients with TRD have not been investigated.

Methods: All antidepressant initiators in Sweden with a diagnosis of depression in specialized care were identified in nationwide registers 2006-2013 and followed regarding treatment trials.

Risk of Delayed Discharge and Reoperation of Gastric Bypass Patients with Psychiatric Comorbidity-a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Gastric bypass (GBP) surgery is considered a safe and effective treatment for obesity. However, there is uncertainty regarding the impact of preexisting psychiatric comorbidity on GBP complications. We have investigated whether a psychiatric diagnosis before GBP surgery is associated with delayed discharge (the odds of being in the 90th percentile of length of stay) and rate of reoperation in a nationwide Swedish cohort.

Methods for constructing treatment episodes and impact on exposure-outcome associations.

Purpose: To assess the impact on exposure time and outcome misclassifications, and consequent impact on exposure-outcome associations from treatment episode construction. We investigated the dosage assumptions of 1 unit per day, and 1 DDD per day, versus actual prescribed dosage under different handling of gaps and overlaps of prescriptions.

Methods: Data on mirtazapine and citalopram exposure (years 2006-2014) from the Swedish Prescribed Drug register were used.

Substance use disorders and risk for treatment resistant depression: a population-based, nested case-control study.

Background And Aims: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), defined as inadequate treatment response after at least two adequate treatment trials, is common among patients initiating antidepressant treatment. Current or previous substance use disorders (SUD) are common among patients with depression and often lead to worse treatment outcomes. However, in clinical studies, SUD have not been found to increase the risk for TRD.

All-cause mortality in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a cohort study in the US population.

Background: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) may represent a substantial proportion of major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the risk of mortality in TRD is still incompletely assessed.

Methods: Data were obtained from Optum Clinformatics™ Extended, a US claims database. Date of the first antidepressant (AD) dispensing was designated as the index date for study entry and 6 months prior to that was considered the baseline period.

Addressing Depression Comorbid With Diabetes or Hypertension in Resource-Poor Settings: A Qualitative Study About User Perception of a Nurse-Supported Smartphone App in Peru.

Background: Smartphone apps could constitute a cost-effective strategy to overcome health care system access barriers to mental health services for people in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to explore the patients' perspectives of CONEMO (Emotional Control, in Spanish: Control Emocional), a technology-driven, psychoeducational, and nurse-supported intervention delivered via a smartphone app aimed at reducing depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, hypertension or both who attend public health care centers, as well as the nurses' feedback about their role and its feasibility to be scaled up.

Methods: This study combines data from 2 pilot studies performed in Lima, Peru, between 2015 and 2016, to test the feasibility of CONEMO.

Medication persistence to antihypertensive drug treatment - a cross-sectional study of attitudes towards hypertension and medication in persistent and non-persistent patients.

To study the differences in attitudes towards hypertension and drug treatment between patients persistent and non-persistent to antihypertensive drug treatment. Cross-sectional study on patients with hypertension treated at 25 primary healthcare centres in Stockholm, Sweden. Questionnaires were sent to the patients 3-12 months after initiation of antihypertensive drug treatment.

Monotherapy vs. combination therapy for post mania maintenance treatment: A population based cohort study.

In recent years, the use of atypical antipsychotics and combination therapy for relapse prevention in bipolar disorder has increased substantially. However, real-world data on the comparative effectiveness of these treatment options are largely non-existent. We conducted a population-based cohort study, using data from Swedish national registers.

Use of a Mobile Phone App to Treat Depression Comorbid With Hypertension or Diabetes: A Pilot Study in Brazil and Peru.

Background: Depression is underdiagnosed and undertreated in primary health care. When associated with chronic physical disorders, it worsens outcomes. There is a clear gap in the treatment of depression in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where specialists and funds are scarce.

Women's Satisfaction with and Reasons to Seek Bariatric Surgery-a Prospective Study in Sweden with 1-Year Follow-up.

Background/objectives: Despite profound weight loss after bariatric surgery, some patients are dissatisfied with the results. Pre-surgery expectations, as well as post-surgery items of satisfaction, need to be clarified. The main objective in this study was to investigate the primary reasons to seek bariatric surgery and assess items of satisfaction 1-year post-surgery.

Treatment-resistant depression as risk factor for substance use disorders-a nation-wide register-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD may increase the risk for developing substance use disorders (SUD). The aim of this study was to investigate the risk for developing SUD among patients with TRD compared with other depressed patients.

Risk of Acute Liver Injury in Agomelatine and Other Antidepressant Users in Four European Countries: A Cohort and Nested Case-Control Study Using Automated Health Data Sources.

Background: Agomelatine is a melatonin receptor agonist and serotonin 5-HT receptor antagonist indicated for depression in adults. Hepatotoxic reactions like acute liver injury (ALI) are an identified risk in the European risk management plan for agomelatine. Hepatotoxic reactions have been reported for other antidepressants, but population studies quantifying these risks are scarce.