Exploration of the GARD™skin applicability domain: Indirectly acting haptens, hydrophobic substances and UVCBs.

Hazard assessments of skin sensitizers are increasingly performed using new approach methodologies (NAMs), with several in chemico, in vitro, and most recently, also defined approaches accepted for regulatory use. However, keeping track of potential limitations of each method to define applicability domains remains a crucial component to ensure adequate predictivity and to facilitate the appropriate selection of method(s) for each hazard assessment task. The objective of this report is to share test results generated with the GARD™skin assay on chemicals that have traditionally been considered difficult to test in some of the conventional in vitro and in chemico OECD Test Guidelines for skin sensitization.

Predicting Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Based On the Combination of Chemical Structures and Biological Data.

For hazard identification, classification, and labeling purposes, animal testing guidelines are required by law to evaluate the developmental toxicity potential of new and existing chemical products. However, guideline developmental toxicity studies are costly, time-consuming, and require many laboratory animals. Computational modeling has emerged as a promising, animal-sparing, and cost-effective method for evaluating the developmental toxicity potential of chemicals, such as endocrine disruptors, without the use of animals.

Read-across: Principle, case study and its potential regulatory application in China.

Read-across, has generated much attention and has been used in many regulatory schemes as an alternative approach to testing globally. The regulatory application of read-across in the chemical management in China is progressing but still limited. A workshop on the "Read-across: Principle, case study and its potential regulatory application in China", organized by the Chemical Risk Assessment Specialty Group under the Committee of Industrial Toxicology of Chinese Society of Toxicology, was held on May 28, 2019 to discuss the potential broader application and acceptance of read-across to support chemical risk assessment in China.

Correction to: Acute aquatic toxicity of tire and road wear particles to alga, daphnid, and fish.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Acute aquatic toxicity of tire and road wear particles to alga, daphnid, and fish.

Previous studies have indicated that tire tread particles are toxic to aquatic species, but few studies have evaluated the toxicity of such particles using sediment, the likely reservoir of tire wear particles in the environment. In this study, the acute toxicity of tire and road wear particles (TRWP) was assessed in Pseudokirchneriella subcapita, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas using a sediment elutriate (100, 500, 1000 or 10000 mg/l TRWP). Under standard test temperature conditions, no concentration response was observed and EC/LC(50) values were greater than 10,000 mg/l.