Impact of Fatigue on Work Productivity, Activity Impairment, and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objectives: Fatigue is commonly reported in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), including patients with inactive disease. We explored the impact of fatigue on healthcare utilization (HCU) and work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI).

Methods: Data collected between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed from the CorEvitas IBD Registry.

The Burden of Work Productivity and Activity Impairment in Patients with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Ulcerative Colitis, and Crohn's Disease.

Background: Comparisons among autoimmune diseases enable understanding of the burden and factors associated with work productivity loss and impairment.

Aims: The objective was to compare work productivity and activity and associated factors among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and other autoimmune conditions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included employed, adult patients (age 20-64 years) in the CorEvitas Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Psoriasis, and Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registries between 5/2017 and 6/2020.

The "Bubble": What Can Be Learned from the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2019-20 Season Restart in Orlando during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended operations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. To safely complete the 2019-20 season, the NBA created a closed campus in Orlando, Florida, known as the NBA "Bubble." More than 5000 individuals lived, worked, and played basketball at a time of high local prevalence of SARS-CoV-2.

Disease Burden and Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Ulcerative Colitis Patients According to Therapy at Enrollment Into CorEvitas' Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry.

Background: To evaluate disease burden and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients at enrollment into CorEvitas' Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry by therapy class.

Methods: Between May 3, 2017 and September 3, 2019, 773 UC registry patients were categorized by therapy class at enrollment: patients on 5-aminosalicylic acids (5-ASAs) only ( = 290), and patients on biologics/Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) alone or in combination with 5-ASAs or immunosuppressant therapies (BIO/JAKi) ( = 315). To quantify between group differences, the mean/proportional differences and corresponding 95% CIs were calculated.

French-speaking Africa and translation: From midwifery to maïeutique?

Introduction: In the French version of The Lancet Series (2014) midwifery has been translated as . Likewise, the term has recently been introduced in some countries to name (male) midwives. This change of terminology has not been the subject of broad stakeholder consultation.

Persons With Histories of Traumatic Brain Injury and Problematic Sexual Behavior: An Exploratory Analysis.

Persons with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) who have engaged in problematic or illegal sexual behavior present with complex assessment and intervention needs yet remain understudied within the empirical literature. In the current exploratory analysis, important differences in adaptive and clinical functioning, adverse childhood experiences, and criminal offense history are examined in 25 persons with previous brain injury, 118 persons with intellectual disability but no known TBI, and 103 persons with no history of brain injury or intellectual disability, all of whom have engaged in problematic sexual behavior and who were residing in secure forensic inpatient care. Group differences were examined using comparisons of means and chi-squares.

SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk Among National Basketball Association Players, Staff, and Vendors Exposed to Individuals With Positive Test Results After COVID-19 Recovery During the 2020 Regular and Postseason.

Importance: Clinical data are lacking regarding the risk of viral transmission from individuals who have positive reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 test results after recovery from COVID-19.

Objective: To describe case characteristics, including viral dynamics and transmission of infection, for individuals who have clinically recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection but continued to have positive test results following discontinuation of isolation precautions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study used data collected from June 11, 2020, to October 19, 2020, as part of the National Basketball Association (NBA) closed campus occupational health program in Orlando, Florida, which required daily RT-PCR testing and ad hoc serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies.

Association of Early Postoperative Pain Trajectories With Longer-term Pain Outcome After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Importance: Studies to date have not comprehensively examined pain experience after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Discrete patterns of pain in this period might be associated with pain outcomes at 6 to 12 months after TKA.

Objectives: To examine patterns of individual post-TKA pain trajectories and to assess their independent associations with longer-term pain outcome after TKA.

A Qualitative Study of the Postoperative Pain Management Educational Needs of Total Joint Replacement Patients.

Background: The majority of patients undergoing total joint replacement (TJR) experience surgical pain in the early postoperative period and managing pain can be challenging for orthopedic surgeons and their patients.

Aims: The objective of this study was to better understand the postoperative pain management education needs of elective total joint replacement patients.

Design: This study had a descriptive phenomenological, qualitative design using individual interviews.

Receipt of Pain Management Information Preoperatively Is Associated With Improved Functional Gain After Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Background: Poorly controlled postoperative pain may adversely affect total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients' outcomes and associated healthcare cost. Understanding effective pain management after surgery is important to patients, surgeons, and hospitals. We evaluated patient-reported receipt of preoperative pain management information in a national prospective cohort evaluating postoperative pain and function following elective TJA.

Oncolytic Viruses: The Best is Yet to Come.

Oncolytic viruses are a promising anti-cancer platform, achieving significant pre-clinical and clinical milestones in recent years. A full arsenal of selective, safe, and effective viruses has been developed with some emerging pre-clinical research focusing on optimizing these therapies in the face of remaining challenges, both in the bloodstream and in the tumour microenvironment. Herein we discuss the recent progress in pre-clinical virotherapy research to address these challenges, with special focus on innovative strategies that seek to complement the current strengths of virotherapy, ensuring an optimal multi-faceted attack on cancer.

Use of Indwelling Urinary Catheters in Nursing Homes: Implications for Quality Improvement Efforts.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of indwelling urinary catheter use in nursing homes (NHs).

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: A purposeful sampling strategy was used to identify a diverse sample of 28 Connecticut NHs, defined in terms of ownership, quality ratings, and bed size.

Adolescent d-amphetamine treatment in a rodent model of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: impact on cocaine abuse vulnerability in adulthood.

Rationale: Stimulant medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents remain controversial with respect to later development of cocaine abuse. Past research demonstrated that adolescent methylphenidate treatment increased several aspects of cocaine self-administration during adulthood using the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model of ADHD. Presently, we determined effects of the alternate stimulant medication, d-amphetamine, on cocaine self-administration.

Informed Family Member Involvement to Improve the Quality of Dementia Care in Nursing Homes.

Objectives: To describe the extent to which nursing homes engaged families in antipsychotic initiation decisions in the year before surveyor guidance revisions were implemented.

Design: Mixed-methods study based on semistructured interviews.

Setting: U.

Factors Associated With Early Improvement in Low Back Pain After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Multi-Center Prospective Cohort Analyses.

This study identified factors associated with an improvement in low back pain (LBP) at six-month follow-up after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Data from a national registry of 3054 patients were analyzed. Factors under analysis included demographics, comorbid conditions, operative and nonoperative joint pain severity, physical function, and mental health.

Dissemination of Evidence-Based Antipsychotic Prescribing Guidelines to Nursing Homes: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of efforts to translate and disseminate evidence-based guidelines about atypical antipsychotic use to nursing homes (NHs).

Design: Three-arm, cluster randomized trial.

Setting: NHs.

Managing Medications During Home Hospice Cancer Care: The Needs of Family Caregivers.

Context: Family caregivers (FCGs) are often at the frontline of symptom management for patients with advanced illness in home hospice. FCGs' cognitive, social, and technical skills in complex medication management have been well studied in the literature; however, few studies have tested existing frameworks in clinical cases in home hospice.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the applicability of caregiver medication management skills framework by Lau et al.

FDG-PET/CT for pre-operative staging and prognostic stratification of patients with high-grade prostate cancer at biopsy.

Background: The role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been well defined yet. Because high-grade PCa tends to exhibit increased glycolytic rate, FDG-PET/CT could be useful in this setting. The aim of this study was to assess the value of FDG-PET/CT for pre-operative staging and prognostic stratification of patients with high-grade PCa at biopsy.

Complement inhibition prevents oncolytic vaccinia virus neutralization in immune humans and cynomolgus macaques.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have shown promising clinical activity when administered by direct intratumoral injection. However, natural barriers in the blood, including antibodies and complement, are likely to limit the ability to repeatedly administer OVs by the intravenous route. We demonstrate here that for a prototype of the clinical vaccinia virus based product Pexa-Vec, the neutralizing activity of antibodies elicited by smallpox vaccination, as well as the anamnestic response in hyperimmune virus treated cancer patients, is strictly dependent on the activation of complement.

Development and evaluation of a web-based assent for adolescents considering an HIV vaccine trial.

HIV vaccine trials with minors will likely require parental permission and informed assent from adolescents. For this to be a valid process, the information needs to be presented in a manner that promotes adolescent comprehension. Previous studies suggest that adolescent comprehension of assent is often insufficient.

Use of atypical antipsychotics in nursing homes and pharmaceutical marketing.

Objectives: To describe the current extent and type of pharmaceutical marketing in nursing homes (NHs) in one state and to provide preliminary evidence for the potential influence of pharmaceutical marketing on the use of atypical antipsychotics in NHs.

Design: Nested mixed-methods, cross-sectional study of NHs in a cluster randomized trial.

Setting: Forty-one NHs in Connecticut.

Rationales that providers and family members cited for the use of antipsychotic medications in nursing home residents with dementia.

Objectives: To describe the rationales that providers and family members cite for the use of antipsychotic medications in people with dementia living in nursing homes (NHs).

Design: Qualitative, descriptive study.

Setting: Twenty-six medium-sized and large facilities in five Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services regions.