[Modern optical non-invasive technologies in diagnostics of urological diseases. Literature review. Part I].

The effects of the interaction of optical radiation and biological tissues underlie various optical diagnostics technologies, including laser Doppler flowmetry, diffuse reflection spectroscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, photodynamic diagnostics (fluorescent cystoscopy), confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, etc. The efficiency of these technologies is the subject of study in various fields of medicine, such as dermatology and ophthalmology, anesthesiology and cardiac surgery, in the diagnosis of malignant tumors and others. In the first part of our review, the available data on the feasibility of using laser Doppler flowmetry and diffuse reflection spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool in urological practice are reviewed and systematized.

[Comparative study of thulium and holmium laser in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer].

Aim: To compare thulium and holmium lasers in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Materials And Methods: In our work, patients were divided into 3 groups, depending on the treatment method. In the group 1 (n=27, 32.

[Evaluation of the Functional Reserve and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with CHF in Clinical Trials (Consent Document of the Editorial board of the Journal of Cardiology, the Board of the Society of Specialists in Heart Failure (SSHF) and Working Group "Non-drug treatment methods" of SSHF)].

Assessing the functional capacity and exercise tolerance is an important and widely used research tool in patients with heart failure. It is used not only in cardiac rehabilitation and physical therapy, but also for inclusion criteria and outcome measures in studies of drug interventions. This document outlines the scope, guidelines for the implementation and interpretation, and limitations of the methods for assessing the functional capacity and exercise tolerance in clinical trials in patients with heart failure.

[Possibilities of Predicting Peak Oxygen Consumption in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure According to the 6‑Minute Walk Test].

Aim: To determine the correlation between the results of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for populations of patients with chronic heart failure with pronounced clinical and demographic differences; to study a possibility of indirect measurement of VO2peak based on the results of 6MWT using the formulas available from the literature.

Material And Methods: Two databases were analyzed: 50 patients included in the AEROFIT study (group A), and 31 patients from the Almazov National Medical Research Center (group B). The inclusion criteria were the availability of data from the cardiopulmonary stress test and the 6MWT.

Molecular effects of cardiac contractility modulation in patients with heart failure of ischemic aetiology uncovered by transcriptome analysis.

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is based on electrical stimulation of the heart without alteration of action potential and mechanical activation, the data on its fundamental molecular mechanisms are limited. Here we demonstrate clinical and physiological effect of 12 months CCM in 29 patients along with transcriptomic molecular data. Based on the CCM effect the patients were divided into two groups: responders ( = 13) and non-responders ( = 16).

[Physical training in patients with chronic heart failure: level of involvement, as well as psychosocial, anamnestic and iatrogenic factors that determine the motivation to practice].

Introduction Physical exercise (PE) is a necessary part in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), which is stated in the European Society of Cardiology guidelines and the Russian Heart Failure Society guidelines. However, this type of non-drug treatment is still not sufficiently used in HF patients in Russia.Aim To study the current involvement of HF patients in PT and to describe psychosocial factors that influence the patients' willingness to exercise and potential barriers and motivations for PE.

Clinical Response to Personalized Exercise Therapy in Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction is Accompanied by Skeletal Muscle Histological Alterations.

Heart failure (HF) is associated with skeletal muscle wasting and exercise intolerance. This study aimed to evaluate the exercise-induced clinical response and histological alterations. One hundred and forty-four HF patients were enrolled.

Skeletal Muscle Resident Progenitor Cells Coexpress Mesenchymal and Myogenic Markers and Are Not Affected by Chronic Heart Failure-Induced Dysregulations.

Background And Purpose: In heart failure (HF), metabolic alterations induce skeletal muscle wasting and decrease of exercise capacity and quality of life. The activation of skeletal muscle regeneration potential is a prospective strategy to reduce muscle wasting; therefore, the aim of this project was to determine if functional properties of skeletal muscle mesenchymal progenitor cells (SM-MPC) were affected by HF-induced functional and metabolic dysregulations.

Methods: Gastrocnemius muscle biopsy samples were obtained from 3 healthy donors (HD) and 12 HF patients to purify mRNA for further analysis and to isolate SM-MPC.

[Response predictors for physical training HFrEF patients].

Purpose: To identify different types and possible predictors of physical rehabilitation (PR) response in reduced ejection fraction heart failure (HFrEF) patients, selected on the basis of achievement the lactate threshold during cardiopulmonary exercising test (CPET).

Methods: 64 patients, chronic heart failure (CHF) NYHA II-III functional class were included in our study. Mean age 54±12,5 years, body mass index (BMI) 26,5±6,4 kg/m2, ejection fraction (EF) 26,4±1,4 %, NYHA II: III (67 %: 33 % patients).