New Perspectives on Primary Prophylaxis of Invasive Fungal Infection in Children Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (a-HCT) remains a therapeutic treatment for many pediatric hematological diseases. The occurrence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is a complication for which ECIL-8 recommends primary antifungal prophylaxis. In this study, we evaluated the impact of our local strategy of not systematically administering primary antifungal prophylaxis in children undergoing a-HCT on the occurrence and mortality of IFIs.