Diagnostic and prognostic role of F-FDG PET/CT for sarcomatoid differentiation in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Sarcomatoid differentiation is an invasive dedifferentiated feature of tumor and associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of F-FDG PET/CT in predicting sarcomatoid differentiation in RCC and its potential prognostic value.

Results: This retrospective study assessed newly diagnosed sarcomatoid differentiation renal cell carcinoma (SDRCC) patients who were staged using F-FDG PET/CT.

Systemic progression of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma in F-FDG PET/CT: a case report.

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) is a type of skin T-cell lymphoma with a favorable prognosis. Some patients may experience recurrence, but systemic involvement is rare. Some studies suggest that systemic progression is associated with poor prognosis.

CD38-specific immunoPET imaging for multiple myeloma diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring: preclinical and first-in-human studies.

Purpose: CD38 is a glycoprotein highly specific to multiple myeloma (MM). Therapeutics using antibodies targeting CD38 have shown promising efficacy. However, the efficient stratification of patients who may benefit from daratumumab (Dara) therapy and timely monitoring of therapeutic responses remain significant clinical challenges.

Unraveling the Heterogeneity of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by SingleCell RNA Sequencing and its Implications for Prognosis and Therapeutic Response.

Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has become a new hotspot in cancer research over the past few years. Tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is especially intriguing as HCC is reported to be highly heterogeneous by previous genomic and cytological studies. It is also closely related to patient prognosis and therapeutic outcome.

Primary mesenchymal tumors of the prostate:F FDG PET/CT findings.

Background: Primary mesenchymal tumors of the prostate are very rare, and there is no systematic report on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET/CT). The aim of this research was to characterize mesenchymal tumors of the prostate on F-FDG PET/CT.

Results: We included 13 patients with pathologically confirmed mesenchymal neoplasms of the prostate.

Pharmacokinetic Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of an Optimized CD38-Targeted Ga-Labeled Peptide in Multiple Myeloma: A Pilot Study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease characterized by its clinical and prognostic heterogeneity. Despite conventional chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the management of relapsed and refractory MM disease poses significant challenges, both medically and socioeconomically. CD38, highly expressed on the surface of MM cells, serves as a distinct tumor biological target in MM.

Case report: Systemic tuberculosis with prostate involvement mimicking prostate cancer with multiple metastases on F-FDG and F-PSMA PET/CT.

Background: Prostate tuberculosis is a common form of urogenital tuberculosis that occurs in men. Clinical and imaging manifestations of prostate tuberculosis are atypical, which often need to be differentiated from benign prostatic hyperplasia, a prostate malignant tumor, and a urinary tract infection. Although prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is considered a specific biomarker for prostate cancer, it is also found within tuberculosis tissues that may be stimulated by angiogenic factors.

Development of a Novel Peptide-Based PET Tracer [Ga]Ga-DOTA-BP1 for BCMA Detection in Multiple Myeloma.

B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has emerged as a promising tumor marker for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma. The noninvasive and rapid detection of BCMA expression in vivo provides significant value in screening and evaluating multiple myeloma patients receiving BCMA-targeted therapy. We identified the BCMA-targeting peptide BP1 from a one-bead-one-compound (OBOC) peptide library using a high-throughput microarray strategy.

Single-cell multiomics reveals ENL mutation perturbs kidney developmental trajectory by rewiring gene regulatory landscape.

How disruptions to normal cell differentiation link to tumorigenesis remains incompletely understood. Wilms tumor, an embryonal tumor associated with disrupted organogenesis, often harbors mutations in epigenetic regulators, but their role in kidney development remains unexplored. Here, we show at single-cell resolution that a Wilms tumor-associated mutation in the histone acetylation reader ENL disrupts kidney differentiation in mice by rewiring the gene regulatory landscape.

β-arrestin2 is indispensable for the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine via inhibiting astrocytic pyroptosis in chronic mild stress mouse model for depression.

β-arrestin2 is a versatile protein for signaling transduction in brain physiology and pathology. Herein, we investigated the involvement of β-arrestin2 in pharmacological effects of fluoxetine for depression. A chronic mild stress (CMS) model was established using wild-type (WT) and β-arrestin2 mice.

Single-Cell multiomics reveals ENL mutation perturbs kidney developmental trajectory by rewiring gene regulatory landscape.

Cell differentiation during organogenesis relies on precise epigenetic and transcriptional control. Disruptions to this regulation can result in developmental abnormalities and malignancies, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Wilms tumors, a type of embryonal tumor closely linked to disrupted organogenesis, harbor mutations in epigenetic regulators in 30-50% of cases.

Untypical bilateral breast cancer with peritoneal fibrosis on F-FDG PET/CT: case report and literature review.

Background: Retroperitoneal fibrosis, a condition of uncertain origin, is rarely linked to 8% of malignant cases, including breast, lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, thyroid, and carcinoid. The mechanism leading to peritoneal fibrosis induced by tumors is not well understood, possibly encompassing direct infiltration of neoplastic cells or the initiation of inflammatory responses prompted by cytokines released by tumor cells. We report a case of breast cancer with renal metastasis and retroperitoneal fibrosis detected using F-FDG PET/CT, providing help for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Condensate-Promoting ENL Mutation Drives Tumorigenesis In Vivo Through Dynamic Regulation of Histone Modifications and Gene Expression.

Gain-of-function mutations in the histone acetylation "reader" eleven-nineteen-leukemia (ENL), found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Wilms tumor, are known to drive condensate formation and gene activation in cellular systems. However, their role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Using a conditional knock-in mouse model, we show that mutant ENL perturbs normal hematopoiesis, induces aberrant expansion of myeloid progenitors, and triggers rapid onset of aggressive AML.

Unraveling the tumor immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and its indications for lung cancer patient prognosis and therapeutic response have become new hotspots in cancer research in recent years. Tumor cells, immune cells, various regulatory factors, and their interactions in the TIME have been suggested to commonly influence lung cancer development and therapeutic outcome. The heterogeneity of TIME is composed of dynamic immune-related components, including various cancer cells, immune cells, cytokine/chemokine environments, cytotoxic activity, or immunosuppressive factors.

Enhanced Theranostic Efficacy of Zr and Lu-Labeled Aflibercept in Renal Cancer: A Viable Option for Clinical Practice.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy serves as an important therapeutic approach for renal cancer, but its clinical effectiveness is unsatisfactory. Moreover, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for preoperative assessment of tumor VEGF expression. This study aimed to explore the potential for further applications of Lu/Zr-labeled aflibercept (Abe), a VEGF-binding agent, in imaging visualization of VEGF expression and therapy for renal cancer.

Minocycline-loaded nHAP/PLGA microspheres for prevention of injury-related corneal angiogenesis.

Background: Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) threatens vision by disrupting corneal avascularity, however, current treatments, including pharmacotherapy and surgery, are hindered by limitations in efficacy and adverse effects. Minocycline, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, could suppress CoNV but faces challenges in effective delivery due to the cornea's unique structure. Therefore, in this study a novel drug delivery system using minocycline-loaded nano-hydroxyapatite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (nHAP/PLGA) nanoparticles was developed to improve treatment outcomes for CoNV.

Molecular Imaging of Fibrosis in Benign Diseases: An Overview of the State of the Art.

Fibrosis is a progressive pathological process participating in the progression of many diseases and can ultimately result in organ malfunction and failure. Around 45% of deaths in the United States are believed to be attributable to fibrotic disorders, and there are no favorable treatment regiments available to meet the need of blocking fibrogenesis, reversing established fibrosis, and curing diseases, especially in the terminal stage. Therefore, early detection and continuous monitoring provide valuable benefits for patients.

An elderly low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma patient with early postoperative recurrences and metastases: a case report and literature review.

Background: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma that often involves the deep soft tissue of the extremities and trunk in young and middle-aged adults. It is uncommon in the elderly. Here we discuss a case of LGFMS in an elderly patient who had recurrence and metastasis within 2 years of resection of the primary tumor.

Rapid Fabrication of High-Resolution Flexible Electronics via Nanoparticle Self-Assembly and Transfer Printing.

Printed electronic technology serves as a key component in flexible electronics and wearable devices, yet achieving compatibility with both high resolution and high efficiency remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose a rapid fabrication method of high-resolution nanoparticle microelectronics via self-assembly and transfer printing. The tension gradient-electrostatic attraction composite-induced nanoparticle self-assembly strategy is constructed, which can significantly enhance the self-assembly efficiency, stability, and coverage by leveraging the meniscus Marangoni effect and the electric double-layer effect.

F-FDG PET/CT in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: a comprehensive evaluation method.

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an uncommon subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. ENKTL exhibits distinctive clinicopathological features among lymphomas and has poor overall survival in the absence of effective treatment. The timely and accurate diagnosis of ENKTL is crucial for effective treatment and a positive prognosis.

Theranostic role of Zr- and Lu-labeled aflibercept in breast cancer.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis due to the absence of effective therapeutic targets. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family are expressed in 30-60% of TNBC, therefore providing potential therapeutic targets for TNBC. Aflibercept (Abe), a humanized recombinant fusion protein specifically bound to VEGF-A, B and placental growth factor (PIGF), has proven to be effective in the treatment in some cancers.