Two Undescribed Germacrane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from Salvia cavaleriei var. simplicifolia Stib. and Their Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity.

Two undescribed germacrane-type sesquiterpenoids, salcasins A (1) and B (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated and identified from the whole plant of Salvia cavaleriei var. simplicifolia Stib. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, such as HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR data.

Antimicrobial diterpenoids from the leaves and twigs of Croton kongensis Gagnepain.

Croton kongensis Gagnepain. belongs to the genus Croton, the Euphorbiaceae family, mainly distributed in Hainan and southern Yunnan, China. The aim of present study was to acquire secondary metabolites of the ethanol extract obtained from the leaves and twigs of C.

An Enhanced Lemaitre Model and Fracture Map for Cr5 Alloy Steel during High-Temperature Forming Process.

To effectively control and predict crack defects in the high-temperature forming process of Cr5 alloy steel, based on the traditional Lemaitre damage model, a new high-temperature damage model of Cr5 alloy steel was proposed which considered the change of material elastic modulus with temperature, the influence of material hydrostatic pressure as well as temperature and strain rate on material damage. Because Cr5 alloy steels are usually forged at high temperatures, tensile testing is an important method to study the damage behaviour of materials. Through the high-temperature tensile test and elastic modulus measurement test of the Cr5 alloy steel, the stress-strain curves and the relationship curves of the elastic modulus value with the temperature of Cr5 alloy steel under different temperatures and strain rates were obtained.

GLT25D2 Is Critical for Inflammatory Immune Response to Promote Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Autophagy Pathway.

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose induces hepatocyte necrosis and causes liver hepatotoxicity. Currently, the role of galactosyltransferase in APAP-induced liver injury is still unclear. This study assessed the contribution of the GLT25D2 gene, a kind of collagen galactosyltransferase, to the development of APAP-induced liver injury.

Biosorption of sterols from tobacco waste extract using living and dead of newly isolated fungus strain LSD-1.

Sterols are verified to be able to produce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during its pyrolysis. In this study, a kind of (LSD-1) was isolated from cigar leaves, and the biosorption effects on the stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, cholesterol, and ergosterol by using living and dead biomass of LSD-1 were investigated. The results showed that both living and dead biomass could efficiently remove these sterols in aqueous solution and tobacco waste extract (TWE).

[Regulation of autophagy by GLT25D2 gene in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity injury].

Objective: To investigate whether GLT25D2 gene regulates autophagy in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity injury.

Methods: GLT25D2 wild-type C57BL/6J mice and GLT25D2 C57BL/6J mice were selected as subjects. (1) In vivo experiment: 20 for wild-type mice and 20 for GLT25D2 mice were respectively divided into phosphate buffer (PBS) control group and APAP intervention group according to random number table, with 10 mice in each group.

Polyphyllin G exhibits antimicrobial activity and exerts anticancer effects on human oral cancer OECM-1 cells by triggering G2/M cell cycle arrest by inactivating cdc25C-cdc2.

Plant natural products have long been considered to be important sources of bioactive molecules. A large number of antimicrobial and anticancer agents have been isolated form plants. In the present study we evaluated the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of a plant derived secondery metabolite, Polyphyllin G.

Risk factors for dislocation after revision total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: No formal systematic review or meta-analysis was performed up to now to summarize the risk factors of dislocation after revision total hip arthroplasty(THA).

Aims: The present study aimed to quantitatively and comprehensively conclude the risk factors of dislocation after revision total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A search was applied to CNKI, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane central database (all up to October 2016).

Decrease of Functional Activated T and B Cells and Treatment of Glomerulonephitis in Lupus-Prone Mice Using a Natural Flavonoid Astilbin.

Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic inflammatory disease, involves the long-term use of immunosuppressive agents with significant side effects. New therapeutic approaches are being explored to find better treatment possibilities. In this study, age-matched female MRL/lpr mice were treated orally with a natural flavonoid astilbin.

Sesamin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation and invasion through the p38-MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells.

Sesamin, a lipid-soluble lignan, is one of the major constituents of sesame. Previous studies have reported that sesamin induces growth inhibition in human cancer cells, particularly prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we mainly explored the mechanism underlying the protective effect of sesamin on prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

LKB1 suppresses proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer through hedgehog signaling pathway.

Activation of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been implicated in the development of many human malignancies. Hh signaling target genes, such as patched (PTCH), smoothened (SMO) and sonic hedgehog (SHH), are markers of Hh signaling activation in most Hh-associated tumors. The protein kinase LKB1 has been shown to slow proliferation and induce cell-cycle arrest in many cell lines.

EGFR inhibitor-driven endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated injury on intestinal epithelial cells.

Aims: The aim of this study is to understand the underlying mechanisms regulating the adverse effect of diarrhea caused by epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs).

Main Methods: We comparatively examined the effects of two EGFR-TKIs, gefitinib and icotinib, on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6). Cell proliferation was measured using MTT analysis.

Small molecule-driven mitophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is responsible for the prevention of colitis-associated cancer.

Nonresolving inflammation in the intestine predisposes individuals to the development of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Inflammasomes are thought to mediate intestinal homeostasis, and their dysregulation contributes to inflammatory bowel diseases and CAC. However, few agents have been reported to reduce CAC by targeting inflammasomes.

Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorates experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting Th1/Th17 response.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing and remitting condition of inflammation involves overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excessive functions of inflammatory cells. However, current treatments for IBD may have potential adverse effects including steroid dependence, infections and lymphoma. Therefore new therapies for the treatment of IBD are desperately needed.

Genetically encoded red fluorescent copper(I) sensors for cellular copper(I) imaging.

Copper ranks among the most important metal ions in living organism, owing to its key catalytic effect in a range of biochemical processes. Dysregulation of in vivo copper(I) metabolism is extremely toxic and would cause serious diseases in human, such as Wilson's and Menkes. Thus, it would be highly valuable to have a proper approach to monitor the dynamics of copper(I) in vivo, as it is directly related to the onset of human copper(I)-related diseases.

Loss of SHP-2 activity in CD4+ T cells promotes melanoma progression and metastasis.

The Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) has been reported to have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing roles in tumorigenesis. However, the role of SHP-2 in tumor immunity remains unclear. Here we observed progressively lower levels of phosphorylated SHP-2 in tumor-associated CD4(+) T cells during melanoma development in a murine model.