MDV-encoded protein kinase U3 phosphorylates WTAP to inhibit transcriptomic mA modification and cellular protein translation.

Marek's disease virus (MDV)-encoded U3 is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase in alpha-herpesviruses. In other alpha-herpesviruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV), U3 phosphorylates the N6-methyladenosine (mA) methyltransferase Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), inhibiting mA modification. However, the role and mechanism of U3-mediated WTAP phosphorylation during MDV infection remain undefined.

Insight into the Pyrolysis Behaviors of Petroleum-Driven Mesophase Pitch via ReaxFF Molecular Dynamics and In Situ TG-FTIR/MS.

Mesophase pitch is regarded as a profoundly promising candidate for the production of advanced carbon-based multifunctional materials such as carbon fibers, carbon microspheres, and carbon foams owing to its excellent intrinsic properties. Consequently, a deeper understanding of pyrolytic chemistry is indispensable for the efficient and environmentally friendly utilization of mesophase pitch. In this study, details about the structure compositions and microscopic morphologies of petroleum-driven mesophase pitch (pMP) were investigated through ultimate, FTIR, XPS, and C-NMR analyses.

Regulating Benzene Ring Number as Connector in Covalent Organic Framework for Boosting Photosynthesis of HO from Seawater.

Photosynthesis of HO from seawater represents a promising pathway to acquire HO, but it is still restricted by the lack of a highly active photocatalyst. In this work, we propose a convenient strategy of regulating the number of benzene rings to boost the catalytic activity of materials. This is demonstrated by ECUT-COF-31 with adding two benzene rings as the connector, which can result in 1.

Intrinsic Descriptor Guided Noble Metal Cathode Design for Li-CO Battery.

To date, the effect of noble metal (NM) electronic structures on CO reaction activity remains unknown, and explicit screening criteria are still lacking for designing highly efficient catalysts in CO -breathing batteries. Herein, by preferentially considering the decomposition of key intermediate Li CO , an intrinsic descriptor constituted of the orbital states and the electronegativity for predicting high-performance cathode material are discovered. As a demonstration, a series of graphene-supported noble metals (NM@G) as cathodes are fabricated via a fast laser scribing technique.

Direct Separation of UO by Coordination Sieve Effect via Spherical Coordination Traps.

Molecule sieve effect (MSE) can enable direct separation of target, thus overcoming two major scientific and industrial separation problems in traditional separation, coadsorption, and desorption. Inspired by this, herein, the concept of coordination sieve effect (CSE) for direct separation of UO , different from the previously established two-step separation method, adsorption plus desorption is reported. The used adsorbent, polyhedron-based hydrogen-bond framework (P-HOF-1), made from a metal-organic framework (MOF) precursor through a two-step postmodification approach, afforded high uptake capacity (close to theoretical value) towards monovalent Cs , divalent Sr , trivalent Eu , and tetravalent Th ions, but completely excluded UO ion, suggesting excellent CSE.

Designing Undercoordinated Ni-N and Fe-N on Holey Graphene for Electrochemical CO Conversion to Syngas.

In this study, we propose a top-down approach for the controlled preparation of undercoordinated Ni-N (Ni-hG) and Fe-N (Fe-hG) catalysts within a holey graphene framework, for the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) to synthesis gas (syngas). Through the heat treatment of commercial-grade nitrogen-doped graphene, we prepared a defective holey graphene, which was then used as a platform to incorporate undercoordinated single atoms carbon defect restoration, confirmed by a range of characterization techniques. We reveal that these Ni-hG and Fe-hG catalysts can be combined in any proportion to produce a desired syngas ratio (1-10) across a wide potential range (-0.

A universal descriptor based on p-orbitals for the catalytic activity of multi-doped carbon bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution.

Dual-/multi-heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials have been demonstrated to be effective bi-/multi-functional catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the critical reactions in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, respectively. However, trial-and-error routes are usually used to search for better catalysts from multi-doped complex material systems, and establishing design principles or intrinsic descriptors would accelerate the discovery of new efficient catalysts. Here, a descriptor based on p-orbitals of active sites is proposed to describe the catalytic performance of dual-/tri-element-doped graphene catalysts for the ORR and the OER.

Self-Assembly of Metallo-Supramolecules under Kinetic or Thermodynamic Control: Characterization of Positional Isomers Using Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy.

Coordination-driven self-assembly has been extensively employed to construct a variety of discrete structures as a bottom-up strategy. However, mechanistic understanding regarding whether self-assembly is under kinetic or thermodynamic control is less explored. To date, such mechanistic investigation has been limited to distinct, assembled structures.

High-Performance, Long-Life, Rechargeable Li-CO Batteries based on a 3D Holey Graphene Cathode Implanted with Single Iron Atoms.

A highly efficient cathode catalyst for rechargeable Li-CO batteries is successfully synthesized by implanting single iron atoms into 3D porous carbon architectures, consisting of interconnected N,S-codoped holey graphene (HG) sheets. The unique porous 3D hierarchical architecture of the catalyst with a large surface area and sufficient space within the interconnected HG framework can not only facilitate electron transport and CO /Li diffusion, but also allow for a high uptake of Li CO to ensure a high capacity. Consequently, the resultant rechargeable Li-CO batteries exhibit a low potential gap of ≈1.

Graphene-covered transition metal halide molecules as efficient and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions.

Proton exchange fuel cells (PEFCs) are one of the most popular and promising energy conversion devices because of their highly stable and efficient membranes in acidic media, but there is a lack of durable non-noble metal electrocatalysts suitable for acidic environments. Herein, we designed a new type of electrocatalysts consisting of transition metal halide molecules covered by graphene sheets, which is supported by experiments. To rapidly screen the best catalysts from numerous candidate materials, the electronic structures, reaction free energies and overpotentials of those graphene-covered halide catalysts were studied by the first-principles calculations to predict the catalytic activities for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER).

Guiding Principles for Designing Highly Efficient Metal-Free Carbon Catalysts.

Carbon nanomaterials are promising metal-free catalysts for energy conversion and storage, but the catalysts are usually developed via traditional trial-and-error methods. To rationally design and accelerate the search for the highly efficient catalysts, it is necessary to establish design principles for the carbon-based catalysts. Here, theoretical analysis and material design of metal-free carbon nanomaterials as efficient photo-/electrocatalysts to facilitate the critical chemical reactions in clean and sustainable energy technologies are reviewed.