Comparison of the safety and efficacy of Mitomycin C 0.02% used intra-operatively by subconjunctival injection versus direct scleral application using sponges in phacotrabeculectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of subconjunctival injection (MMC: 0.02%) to those with subconjunctival application of sponges soaked in Mitomycin C (MMC: 0.02%) intra-operatively in patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy.

Low vision device requirements among children from two schools for the blind in Tamil Nadu.

Purpose: To identify children with low vision from two local schools for the blind, to provide low vision devices (LVD) to those who may benefit from it, and to encourage them to learn print.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted among children from two local schools for the blind. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was done using the Snellen chart.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular glaucoma.

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a potentially blinding, secondary glaucoma. It is caused by the formation of abnormal new blood vessels, which prevent normal drainage of aqueous from the anterior segment of the eye. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications are specific inhibitors of the primary mediators of neovascularization.

Ocular Pulse Amplitude in Non-Diabetic Patients with End Stage Renal Disease and Normal Individuals Using Dynamic Contour Tonometry.

Introduction: Ocular Pulse Amplitude (OPA) is the fluctuation of IOP with the cardiac cycle which is equal to the difference between systolic and diastolic IOP. These variations in IOP are thought to be caused by the blood volume that is pumped into the eye, mainly the choroidal bed during each cardiac cycle. In patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), Choroidal perfusion has been found to be reduced as determined by Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICG) which is an invasive procedure.

Does the ISNT Rule Apply to the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer?

Purpose: To determine whether the ISNT rule (Inferior>Superior>Nasal>Temporal) or the "IST" rule (Inferior>Superior>Temporal) can be applied to the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness as measured using Heidelberg Retinal Tomography (HRT) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 189 normal and 42 glaucomatous eyes. RNFL thicknesses measured in different quadrants using HRT and OCT were compared to determine the percentage of eyes obeying the ISNT and IST rule.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular glaucoma.

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a potentially blinding secondary glaucoma. It is caused by the formation of abnormal new blood vessels which prevent normal drainage of aqueous from the anterior segment of the eye. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are specific inhibitors of the primary mediators of neovascularization.

The effect of smoking on the ocular surface and the precorneal tear film.

Background: Smoking, both active and passive, creates a plethora of health-related problems, which primarily affect the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. There is very little evidence on the effects of tobacco smoke on the eye, especially regarding anterior ocular surface related pathology. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of smoking on the ocular surface and the tear film in smokers.

Correlation between ocular parameters and amplitude of accommodation.

Aim: To study the relationship between ocular parameters and amplitude of accommodation (AA) in the peri-presbyopic age group (35-50 years).

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and sixteen right eyes of consecutive patients in the age group 35-50 years, who attended our outpatient clinic, were studied. Emmetropes, hypermetropes and myopes with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20, J1 in both eyes were included.

Corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in a nonglaucomatous Burmese population: the Meiktila Eye Study.

Objective: To determine correlates of central corneal thickness (CCT) and its relationship to intraocular pressure (IOP) in a Burmese population.

Methods: We performed a population-based survey of inhabitants 40 years or older in Myanmar; of 2076 participants, data from 1909 nonglaucomatous subjects who underwent ultrasound pachymetry and Goldmann applanation tonometry were analyzed. Linear mixed effects models adjusting for nonindependence of right and left eye data were constructed.

The clinical applications of fluorouracil in ophthalmic practice.

Fluorouracil (5-fluorouracil, 5-FU) is a pyrimidine analogue that was originally known for its widespread use as an anticancer drug. The ability of 5-FU to reduce fibroblastic proliferation and subsequent scarring has made it an important adjunct in ocular and periorbital surgeries. It is used in primary glaucoma filtering surgeries and in reviving failing filtering blebs, in dacryocystorhinostomy, pterygium surgery, and in vitreoretinal surgery to prevent proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Mitomycin: clinical applications in ophthalmic practice.

Mitomycin (mitomycin C; MMC) is an antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus. The drug is a bioreductive alkylating agent that undergoes metabolic reductive activation, and has various oxygen tension-dependent cytotoxic effects on cells, including the cross-linking of DNA. It is widely used systemically for the treatment of malignancies, and has gained popularity as topical adjunctive therapy in ocular and adnexal surgery over the past 2 decades.

Amplitude of accommodation and its relation to refractive errors.

Aims: To evaluate the relationship between amplitude of accommodation and refractive errors in the peri-presbyopic age group.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and sixteen right eyes of 316 consecutive patients in the age group 35-50 years who attended our outpatient clinic were studied. Emmetropes, hypermetropes and myopes with best-corrected visual acuity of 6/6 J1 in both eyes were included.

Comparison between latanoprost and brimonidine efficacy and safety in Indian eyes.

Purpose: To compare the short-term efficacy and safety of topical latanoprost and brimonidine in Indian eyes.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients with ocular hypertension, primary open-angle, pseudoexfoliation or pigmentary glaucoma were enrolled. Following baseline measurements, latanoprost was applied topically once daily in the evening for 12-weeks.