Supplementing narasin or monensin to control coccidiosis in naturally infected calves.

This experiment compared narasin and monensin as anticoccidials for calves naturally infected with spp. Twenty-four weaned, non-castrated male calves ( ×  cross) were assigned to this experiment (days -8 to 42). All calves were infected by spp.

An updated meta-analysis of the anti-methanogenic effects of monensin in beef cattle.

Meta-analyses were performed to quantitatively summarize the effects of monensin on in vivo methane (CH4) production in beef cattle, and differentiate these outcomes according to dietary management, dose of monensin, and length of monensin supplementation. Data from 11 manuscripts describing 20 individual studies were used, and CH4 was converted to g/d when required. Studies were classified according to dose of monensin (mg/kg of diet dry matter), length of monensin supplementation prior to the last CH4 measurement, feeding management (ad libitum vs.

Pediatric Traumatic Lumbar Hernias and Associated Injuries: A Case Series.

Objective: Traumatic lumbar hernias are a rare entity mostly seen with high-impact, blunt abdominal trauma. This injury occurs when there is disruption of the posterior musculature along with bony structures, allowing for herniation of abdominal contents. There are minimal cases of this entity reported in adults, but even fewer in the pediatric population.

Despite Recovery from Necrotizing Enterocolitis Infants Retain a Hyperinflammatory Response to Injury.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading gastrointestinal cause of death of premature neonates. NEC is associated with prematurity, a hyperinflammatory response, and dysregulation of intestinal barrier function. We hypothesize that patients with NEC will have, and continue to have after recovery, an increased hyperinflammatory intestinal response compared to those patients without NEC.

The unfunded grant, now what? Advice, approach, and strategy.

Background: Grant writing takes significant time and effort and often may be elusive, especially on a first attempt. After the rejection of a grant, many investigators face a dilemma regarding the best next steps. In this article, we discuss the options of revision versus resubmission and how to navigate these decisions.

Response of the Glutathione (GSH) Antioxidant Defense System to Oxidative Injury in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a neonatal intestinal disease associated with oxidative stress. The targets of peroxidation and the role of the innate intestinal epithelial antioxidant defense system are ill-defined. We hypothesized that oxidative stress in NEC correlates with oxidized GSH redox potentials, lipid peroxidation, and a dysfunctional antioxidant system.

Persistent Proclivity to a Proinflammatory State in a Human Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease of premature neonates with substantial morbidity and mortality. Necrotizing enterocolitis is associated with prematurity, a hyperinflammatory response, and dysregulation of intestinal barrier function. We hypothesize that patients with NEC will have an increased hyperinflammatory intestinal response compared with those without NEC.

Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury in Pediatric Hanging Victims.

Introduction: Incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) following hanging in the pediatric population is ill-defined. Current guidelines recommend screening imaging during the initial trauma evaluation. Necessity of screening is questioned given BCVI is considered rare after hanging, especially when asymptomatic.

Ethics of Resident Involvement in Surgical Training.

Unlabelled: AbstractBackground: Attending surgeons must maintain balance between promoting education and assuring safe, transparent patient care. This investigation aimed to define ethics that guide surgical training. We hypothesized that resident autonomy in the operating room is influenced by attending approach to patients, specifically patients considered to be vulnerable.

A Retrospective Case Control Study Examining Procalcitonin as a Biomarker for Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker for sepsis, but its utility has not been investigated in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Necrotizing enterocolitis is a devastating multisystem disease of infants that in severe cases requires surgical intervention. We hypothesize that an elevated PCT will be associated with surgical NEC.

Effects of supplementing narasin to heifers during late-gestation and lactation on development of the offspring.

This experiment evaluated the effects of supplementing narasin during late-gestation and lactation on productive and physiological responses of beef heifers and their offspring. Pregnant, nulliparous Nelore heifers ( = 88) that conceived under the same fixed-time artificial insemination protocol and to the same sire were used. Heifers were ranked by maternal ability genomic score, body weight () and body condition score () and allocated to 44 drylot pens (2 heifers per pen; 10 × 25 m).

Apical-Out Enteroids as an Innovative Model for Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gastrointestinal disease of premature neonates. We previously validated a NEC enteroid model derived from human infant intestinal tissue. Typical enteroid configuration is basolateral-out (BO) without direct access to the luminal (apical) surface.

Biomarkers of necrotizing enterocolitis in the era of machine learning and omics.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Despite decades of research in NEC, no reliable biomarkers can accurately diagnose NEC or predict patient prognosis. The recent emergence of multi-omics could potentially shift NEC biomarker discovery, particularly when evaluated using systems biology techniques.

Erratum to "Reproductive performance of early- and late-calving dairy cows artificially inseminated after ovulation synchronization and estrous resynchronization or artificially inseminated after observed estrus" (JDS Commun. 2:80-85).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2020-0035.

COVID-19-Related Intussusception: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Ileocolic intussusception is a common gastrointestinal emergency that occurs in infancy. Many cases are caused by anatomic lead points, such as hypertrophied Peyer's patches. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), commonly presents with respiratory symptoms, however, its relation to intussusception remains unknown.

Determining Intestinal Permeability using Lucifer Yellow in an Apical-Out Enteroid Model.

Enteroids are an emerging research tool in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). They are traditionally grown in the basolateral-out (BO) conformation, where the apical surface of the epithelial cell faces the inner lumen. In this model, access to the luminal surface of enteroids for treatment and experimentation is challenging, which limits the ability to study host-pathogen interactions.

A Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract of premature neonates. The diagnosis and treatment of NEC remain challenging. New biomarkers and potential treatments for NEC have emerged in recent years, leading to the potential of earlier therapeutic intervention and improved outcomes.

This is Our Lane: A Pilot Study Examining the Surgeon's Role in Social Justice Advocacy.

Background: Despite the importance of social justice advocacy, surgeon attitudes toward individual involvement vary. We hypothesized that the majority of surgeons in this study, regardless of gender or training level, believe that surgeons should be involved in social justice movements.

Methods: A survey was distributed to surgical faculty and trainees at three academic tertiary care centers.

Reproductive performance of early- and late-calving dairy cows artificially inseminated after ovulation synchronization and estrous resynchronization or artificially inseminated after observed estrus.

Within seasonal dairy systems, cows that calve late in the calving season are less likely to become pregnant and maintain a yearly calving interval. Very few studies have examined effective strategies for reproductive management of these late-calving cows. The objectives were to evaluate the reproductive performance of early- and late-calving dairy cows that were either inseminated after observed estrus (control) or enrolled in a timed AI and resynchronization protocol [progesterone (P4) Ovsynch Resynch)].

Method comparison study of peripheral blood CD34+ count performed on an Abbott CELL-DYN Sapphire hematology analyzer versus flow cytometry reference procedure (modified ISHAGE).

Introduction: CD34+ cell enumeration is a critical parameter used to determine the timing of apheresis collections of hematopoietic progenitor cell products (HPC(A)). Automated hematology analyzers equipped with flow cytometry capabilities may be a solution to the problem of limited access to standard flow cytometry testing.

Methods: We compared CD34+ cell enumeration using a reference flow cytometry procedure employing modified International Society of Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering (ISHAGE) analysis with a hematology analyzer /flow cytometer hybrid (CELL DYN (CD)Sapphire) using a sequential gating analysis designed to emulate the ISHAGE gating strategy.

Effects of supplemental calcium salts of palm oil and chromium-propionate on insulin sensitivity and productive and reproductive traits of mid- to late-lactating Holstein × Gir dairy cows consuming excessive energy.

This experiment compared insulin sensitivity, milk production, and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows consuming excessive energy during mid to late lactation and receiving in a 2 × 2 factorial design (1) concentrate based on ground corn (CRN; n = 20) or including 8% (DM basis) of Ca salts of palm oil (CSPO; n = 20), and (2) supplemented (n = 20) or not (n = 20) with 2.5 g/d of Cr-propionate. During the experiment (d 0-203), 40 multiparous, nonpregnant, lactating 3/4 Holstein × 1/4 Gir cows (initial days in milk = 81 ± 2; mean ± SE) were offered corn silage for ad libitum consumption, and individually received concentrate formulated to allow diets to provide 160% of their daily net energy for lactation requirements.

Supplementing an immunomodulatory feed ingredient to modulate thermoregulation, physiologic, and production responses in lactating dairy cows under heat stress conditions.

This study compared vaginal temperature, physiologic, and productive parameters in lactating dairy cows supplemented or not with Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) during the summer months in a tropical environment. Thirty-two lactating, primiparous (n = 16) and multiparous (n = 16) pregnant Holstein × Gir cows were ranked by parity, days in milk, body weight, and body condition score (BCS), and assigned to receive (SUPP; n = 16) or not (CON; n = 16) Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) at 56 g/cow daily (as-fed basis). During the experimental period (d -6 to 56), cows were maintained in a single drylot pen with ad libitum access to water and a total mixed ration, and milked twice daily.

Effects of concentrate type and chromium propionate on insulin sensitivity, productive and reproductive parameters of lactating dairy cows consuming excessive energy.

This experiment compared insulin sensitivity parameters, milk production and reproductive outcomes in lactating dairy cows consuming excessive energy, and receiving in a 2×2 factorial arrangement design: (1) concentrate based on ground corn (CRN; n=13) or citrus pulp (PLP; n=13), and (2) supplemented (n=14) or not (n=12) with 2.5 g/day of chromium (Cr)-propionate. During the experiment (day 0 to 182), 26 multiparous, non-pregnant, lactating Gir×Holstein cows (initial days in milk=80±2) were offered corn silage for ad libitum consumption, and individually received concentrate formulated to allow diets to provide 160% of their daily requirements of net energy for lactation.