A new digitised screen test for strabismus measurement.

Purpose: Our study presents a digitised tangent screen test for ocular motility analysis according to the Harms and Hess tests (measurement of the squint angle in all fields of vision). This test uses an image beamer to display the tangent screen, a position sensor to measure the patient's head orientation, and a distance sensor to measure the fixation distance. Digital measurement of head orientation allows for a test procedure that eliminates the conventional requirement for a light pointer in the patient's hand.

Comparison of spherical and aspherical intraocular lenses with decentration and tilt error using a physical model of human contrast vision and an image quality metric.

Purpose: In this study, two intraocular lenses (spherical IOL SA60AT and aspherical IOL SN60WF) are examined in an eye model under conditions of misalignment (defocus, decentration and tilt). The lenses are rated using the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) based on Barten's physical model. The square root integral (SQRI) method is used as a quality criterion comparable to the subjective image quality assessment of the human eye.

Results of different strategies to manage complicated retinal re-detachment.

Purpose: Complicated retinal re-detachment with inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains a challenge. This study's aim was to compare vitrectomy with conventional silicon oil (CSO) combined with an encircling band (EB) and vitrectomy with heavy silicon oil (HSO) alone to treat retinal re-detachment through inferior PVR, where standard procedures have already failed.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was done on patients with inferior complex re-detachment with secondary PVR after primary surgery, who received pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with CSO combined with EB (group 1) or PPV alone with HSO (group 2) between December 2006 and August 2017.

New retinal tack designs: an analysis of retention forces in human scleral tissue.

Purpose: The study aimed to construct a new retinal tack design with high retention forces to prevent spontaneous disentanglement in cases of complicated retinal surgery.

Methods: Six new forms for the peak of a retinal tack were developed using computer-aided design (CAD); then a prototype was produced for each model. Finally, standardised design testing was conducted using human (ex vivo) sclera by logging 15 consecutive measurements for each model.

The Cosine Similarity Technique: A new method for smart EXCIMER laser control.

Purpose: To introduce additional steps towards smart laser control in eye surgery, with the use of the cosine similarity technique to analyze the spectra of organic polymers obtained using non-contact photoacoustic spectroscopy (NCPAS).

Methods: The experiments were performed with two organic polymers: polyethylene and polyamide. A 193 nm excimer laser was used for photoablation at a repetition rate of 200Hz.

A systematic comparison and evaluation of three different Swept-Source interferometers for eye lengths biometry.

This study reviews the development of Swept-Source interferometers and compares systematically three different Swept-Source interferometer designs for biometric measurements of the eye. Principles characteristics, conveniences and accessibilities of the three developed systems are presented. The main difference between the three Swept-Source systems is the method of tuning the wavelength at the broadband optical amplifier.

New digital methods: remodelling the harms tangent scale setting.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present a feasibility study to evaluate and compare a self-constructed, digital-based tangent scale using the Harms tangent screen test for the examination of patients' strabismus angles.

Methods: The documented strabismus angles of 10 patients were measured at nine gaze-positions and compared using the Harms tangent screen test (Harms Screen) and a self-constructed digital screen test (Digital Screen). The primary outcome is the difference in the measured angles between both methods.

PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF FEEDBACK MECHANISMS ON PATIENT POSITIONING.

Purpose: To investigate the use of a head-fixed feedback sensor to improve good positioning times after macular hole or retinal detachment surgery. The instructional methods, macular hole closure rates, and questionnaire responses were also evaluated.

Methods: After randomization, sensor devices with different feedback types (none/acoustic/vibration) were fixed on the patients' heads.

Quality and learning curve of handheld versus stand-alone non-mydriatic cameras.

Purpose: Nowadays, complex digital imaging systems allow detailed retinal imaging without dilating patients' pupils. These so-called non-mydriatic cameras have advantages in common circumstances (eg, for screening or emergency purposes) but present limitations in terms of image quality and field of view. We compare the usefulness of two non-mydriatic camera systems (ie, a handheld versus a stand-alone device) for fundus imaging.

Application fields for the new Object Management Group (OMG) Standards Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN) and Decision Management Notation (DMN) in the perioperative field.

Purpose: Medical processes can be modeled using different methods and notations. Currently used modeling systems like Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) are not capable of describing the highly flexible and variable medical processes in sufficient detail.

Methods: We combined two modeling systems, Business Process Management (BPM) and Adaptive Case Management (ACM), to be able to model non-deterministic medical processes.

[Albrecht von Graefe and internationality].

Not only the scientific successes but also his personality caused Albrecht von Graefe (1828-1870) to gain a worldwide reputation. His two foundations "Archive for Ophthalmology" in 1854 and the "(German) Ophthalmological Society" (DOG) in 1857 as well as his famous eye clinic in Berlin were important for his colleagues and patients from many countries and most continents. The 2017 DOG congress has the motto "German Ophthalmology internationally"; thus, it is worthwhile to be reminded of this great ophthalmologist.

Design, Implementation and Operation of a Reading Center Platform for Clinical Studies.

Clinical reading centers provide expertise for consistent, centralized analysis of medical data gathered in a distributed context. Accordingly, appropriate software solutions are required for the involved communication and data management processes. In this work, an analysis of general requirements and essential architectural and software design considerations for reading center information systems is provided.

Comparison of ab externo trabeculotomy in primary open-angle glaucoma and uveitic glaucoma: long-term outcomes.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of ab externo trabeculotomy in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and uveitic glaucoma (UG).

Design: This was a retrospective single-center case series study.

Participants: Twenty eyes of 17 patients with POAG and 22 eyes of 18 patients with UG were included in this study.

Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Glaucoma Secondary to Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome.

Purpose: To present the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation (AGV) in glaucoma secondary to Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS).

Methods: In this retrospective chart review, two definitions of success were used: 6 mmHg ≤intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg (success 1), and 6 mmHg ≤ IOP ≤21 mmHg and at least 25% reduction from baseline (success 2). Depending on the need of postoperative antiglaucoma medication, success was defined as either complete or qualified.

Human Vision-Motivated Algorithm Allows Consistent Retinal Vessel Classification Based on Local Color Contrast for Advancing General Diagnostic Exams.

Purpose: Abnormalities of blood vessel anatomy, morphology, and ratio can serve as important diagnostic markers for retinal diseases such as AMD or diabetic retinopathy. Large cohort studies demand automated and quantitative image analysis of vascular abnormalities. Therefore, we developed an analytical software tool to enable automated standardized classification of blood vessels supporting clinical reading.

Long-term results of ab externo trabeculotomy for glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis.

Purpose: To present the long-term results of ab externo trabeculotomy in the management of glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis.

Methods: In this retrospective single-centre case series, medical records of patients with glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis, who underwent ab externo trabeculotomy, were evaluated. Two definitions of success were used: intraocular pressure (IOP) 6 ≤ IOP ≤ 21 mmHg (success 1) or 6 ≤ IOP ≤ 21 mmHg and at least 25 % reduction from baseline (success 2).

Submacular predominantly hemorrhagic choroidal neovascularization: resolution of bleedings under anti-VEGF therapy.

Purpose: To report the visual and morphological outcomes following intravitreal bevacizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with submacular, predominantly hemorrhagic, lesions.

Methods: Retrospective study of patients with a follow-up after 1 year. All eyes with submacular hemorrhages larger than 50% of the total lesion size and received only anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) monotherapy (intravitreous administration of 1.

Exit strategies in canaloplasty: intraoperative conversion into 180-degree trabeculotomy or 360-degree trabeculotomy in cases of unsuccessful catheterisation of Schlemm's canal: influence of degree of canal cleavage.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative conversion of unsuccessful canaloplasty technique into 180-degree metal or 360-degree suture trabeculotomy.

Methods: In this retrospective observational case series, 35 eyes of 35 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) who had undergone unsuccessful canaloplasty technique and underwent intraoperative conversion were studied. In 17 eyes (group A), the procedure was converted into 180-degree metal trabeculotomy because of unsuccessful circumferential Schlemm's canal (SC) catheterisation.

[Original preparations versus generics--latanoprost: how similar is different?].

Background: To test the interchangeability of the commercially available (in Germany) latanoprost drugs and their generics respectively, the concentration of the active substance was tested. Guidelines of the European Medicines Agency postulate a sufficient bioequivalence, if the range of the agent is within 80-125% of the original drug.

Methods: All compounds of latanoprost were procured registered.

Using a slit lamp-mounted digital high-speed camera for dynamic observation of phakic lenses during eye movements: a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate a digital high-speed camera combined with digital morphometry software for dynamic measurements of phakic intraocular lens movements to observe kinetic influences, particularly in fast direction changes and at lateral end points.

Materials And Methods: A high-speed camera taking 300 frames per second observed movements of eight iris-claw intraocular lenses and two angle-supported intraocular lenses. Standardized saccades were performed by the patients to trigger mass inertia with lens position changes.

Switching intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes after switching between bevacizumab and ranibizumab therapy due to poor treatment effect in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients with neovascular AMD with first treatment using intravitreal bevacizumab (group 1) or ranibizumab (group 2) who switched to the other drug due to poor treatment effect. Primary outcome measures were change in mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean central retinal thickness (CRT) at 1 year and last visit.