Mastering Proton Activities in Aqueous Batteries.

Advanced aqueous batteries are promising solutions for grid energy storage. Compared with their organic counterparts, water-based electrolytes enable fast transport kinetics, high safety, low cost, and enhanced environmental sustainability. However, the presence of protons in the electrolyte, generated by the spontaneous ionization of water, may compete with the main charge-storage mechanism, trigger unwanted side reactions, and accelerate the deterioration of the cell performance.

Indomethacin Combined with Ciprofloxacin Improves the Prognosis of Mice under Severe Traumatic Infection via the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Macrophages.

The prevention and treatment strategies for traumatic infection often focus on the use of antibiotics, while eschew the combined treatment of the bacteria, their toxins, and inflammatory mediators. This might be a main reason the prognosis of wound victims has not improved. Although our previous work found that the combination of indomethacin (IND) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) could promote skin wound repair and enhance the immune function, the efficacy and safety of this strategy for severe traumatic infection-mediated complications remain unknown.

Investigating the transcriptomic variances in two phases Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP) in Litopenaeus vannamei.

This study explores the transcriptomic differences in two distinct phases of Ecytonucleospora hepatopenaei (EHP) in Litopenaeus vannamei, a crucial aspect in shrimp health management. We employed high-throughput sequencing to categorize samples into two phases, 'Phase A' and 'Phase B', defined by the differential expression of PTP2 and TPS1 genes. Our analysis identified 2057 genes, with 78 exhibiting significant variances, including 62 upregulated and 16 downregulated genes.

Interfacial Chemistry in Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Case Study of VO in Dilute Aqueous Electrolytes.

Aqueous lithium-ion batteries (ALIBs) are promising for large-scale energy storage systems because of the cost-effective, intrinsically safe, and environmentally friendly properties of aqueous electrolytes. Practical application is however impeded by interfacial side-reactions and the narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) of aqueous electrolytes. Even though higher electrolyte salt concentrations (e.

Dynamic Interplay of Metabolic and Transcriptional Responses in Shrimp during Early and Late Infection Stages of (EHP).

(EHP) is a microsporidian parasite that infects , causing severe hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) and resulting in significant economic losses. This study utilizes a combined analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to unveil the dynamic molecular interactions between EHP and its host, the Pacific white shrimp, during the early and late stages of infection. The results indicate distinct immunological, detoxification, and antioxidant responses in the early and late infection phases.

Development and application of the MIRA and MIRA-LFD detection methods of Spiroplasma eriocheiris.

The tremor disease (TD) caused by Spiroplasma eriocheiris is the most destructive disease of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. This study attempts to construct Multienzyme Isothermal Rapid Amplification (MIRA), a quick and simple nucleic acid amplification method that operates at room temperature. Based on the gene sequences of S.

Decoupling the roles of Ni and Co in anionic redox activity of Li-rich NMC cathodes.

Li[LiNiMnCo]O (lithium-rich NMCs) are benchmark cathode materials receiving considerable attention due to the abnormally high capacities resulting from their anionic redox chemistry. Although their anionic redox mechanisms have been much investigated, the roles of cationic redox processes remain underexplored, hindering further performance improvement. Here we decoupled the effects of nickel and cobalt in lithium-rich NMCs via a comprehensive study of two typical compounds, LiNiMnO and LiCoMnO.

A comparative transcriptome analysis of how shrimp endure and adapt to long-term symbiosis with Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection.

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a prevalent microsporidian pathogen responsible for hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) in Litopenaeus vannamei. This infection not only leads to slowed growth in shrimp abut aslo inflicts substantial economic losses in the global aquaculture industry. However, the molecular mechanisms by which EHP influences the host during various infection stages remain unclear.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of non-germinated and germinated spores of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in vitro.

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), an obligate intracellular parasite classified as microsporidia, is an emerging pathogen with a significant impact on the global shrimp aquaculture industry. The understanding of how microsporidia germinate has been a key factor in exploring its infection process. However, the germination process of EHP was rarely reported.

Water-in-salt electrolytes made saltier by Gemini ionic liquids for highly efficient Li-ion batteries.

The water-in-salt electrolytes have promoted aqueous Li-ion batteries to become one of the most promising candidates to overcome safety concerns/issues of traditional Li-ion batteries. A simple increase of Li-salt concentration in electrolytes can successfully expand the electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolytes beyond 2 V. However, necessary stability improvements require an increase in complexity of the ternary electrolytes.

[Study on injury parameters of severe blast injury in mice at plain and plateau based on equivalent trauma].

Objective: To explore the establishment of the interconvertible injury parameters of same severe blast injury in mice at plain and plateau.

Methods: A total of 157 C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into plain control group (8 mice), plain injury group (77 mice), plateau control group (8 mice) and plateau injury group (64 mice) according to random number table method. The mice in plateau control group and plateau blast injury group had been placed in animal experimental low-pressure oxygen chamber to simulate 4 000 meters plateau environment for 5 days in advance.

Capturing dynamic ligand-to-metal charge transfer with a long-lived cationic intermediate for anionic redox.

Reversible anionic redox reactions represent a transformational change for creating advanced high-energy-density positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The activation mechanism of these reactions is frequently linked to ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) processes, which have not been fully validated experimentally due to the lack of suitable model materials. Here we show that the activation of anionic redox in cation-disordered rock-salt LiTiNiO involves a long-lived intermediate Ni species, which can fully evolve to Ni during relaxation.

The combination of ciprofloxacin and indomethacin suppresses the level of inflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages in vitro.

Purpose: The combined use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medicine to manage bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammation following injuries or diseases is increasing. The cytokine level produced by macrophages plays an important role in this treatment course. Ciprofloxacin and indomethacin, two typical representatives of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medicine, are cost-effective and has been reported to show satisfactory effect.

Elucidating the Humidity-Induced Degradation of Ni-Rich Layered Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries.

Ni-rich layered oxides, in a general term of Li(NiCoMn)O ( > 0.5), are widely recognized as promising candidates for improving the specific energy and lowering the cost for next-generation Li-ion batteries. However, the high surface reactivity of these materials results in side reactions during improper storage and notable gas release when the cell is charged beyond 4.

Assessing Long-Term Cycling Stability of Single-Crystal Versus Polycrystalline Nickel-Rich NCM in Pouch Cells with 6 mAh cm Electrodes.

Lithium-ion batteries based on single-crystal LiNi Co Mn O (NCM, 1-x-y ≥ 0.6) cathode materials are gaining increasing attention due to their improved structural stability resulting in superior cycle life compared to batteries based on polycrystalline NCM. However, an in-depth understanding of the less pronounced degradation mechanism of single-crystal NCM is still lacking.

Correlating ligand-to-metal charge transfer with voltage hysteresis in a Li-rich rock-salt compound exhibiting anionic redox.

Anionic redox is a double-edged sword for Li-ion cathodes because it offers a transformational increase in energy density that is also negated by several detrimental drawbacks to its practical implementation. Among them, voltage hysteresis is the most troublesome because its origin is still unclear and under debate. Herein, we tackle this issue by designing a prototypical Li-rich cation-disordered rock-salt compound LiTiFeO that shows anionic redox activity and exceptionally large voltage hysteresis while exhibiting a partially reversible Fe migration between octahedral and tetrahedral sites.

Unlocking anionic redox activity in O3-type sodium 3d layered oxides via Li substitution.

Sodium ion batteries, because of their sustainability attributes, could be an attractive alternative to Li-ion technology for specific applications. However, it remains challenging to design high energy density and moisture stable Na-based positive electrodes. Here, we report an O3-type NaLiMnO phase showing anionic redox activity, obtained through a ceramic process by carefully adjusting synthesis conditions and stoichiometry.

Phosphate Ion Functionalization of Perovskite Surfaces for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Recent findings revealed that surface oxygen can participate in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the most active catalysts, which eventually triggers a new mechanism for which the deprotonation of surface intermediates limits the OER activity. We propose in this work a "dual strategy" in which tuning the electronic properties of the oxide, such as LaSrCoO, can be dissociated from the use of surface functionalization with phosphate ion groups (P) that enhances the interfacial proton transfer. Results show that the P functionalized LaSrCoO gives rise to a significant enhancement of the OER activity when compared to LaSrCoO and LaCoO.

One-pot synthesis of ZnFe2O4/C hollow spheres as superior anode materials for lithium ion batteries.

ZnFe(2)O(4)/C hollow spheres have been synthesized via a facile solvothermal route using low cost raw materials. The resulting composite showed a very high specific capacity of 841 mAh g(-1) after 30 cycles and good rate capability.