Coordinated Interactions between the Hippocampus and Retrosplenial Cortex in Spatial Memory.

While a hippocampal-cortical dialogue is generally thought to mediate memory consolidation, which is crucial for engram function, how it works remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the interplay of neural signals from the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), a neocortical region, and from the hippocampus in memory consolidation by simultaneously recording sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) of dorsal hippocampal CA1 and neural signals of RSC in free-moving mice during the delayed spatial alternation task (DSAT) and subsequent sleep. Hippocampal-RSC coordination during SWRs was identified in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, reflecting neural reactivation of decision-making in the task, as shown by a peak reactivation strength within SWRs.

Circ-100290 Regulates Autophagy-Mediated Angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Induced by Conditioned Medium of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Conditioned medium (CM) from human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) exhibits excellent pro-angiogenic capacity, and circ-100290 participates in this process. Autophagy is involved in the relevant mechanisms of angiogenesis, but it is unclear whether autophagy is related to the pro-angiogenesis effect of hAMSCs. This research sought to determine whether autophagy involved in the process of pro-angiogenesis induced by hAMSCs might be regulated by circ-100290.

Nuclear factor kappa B signaling initiates early differentiation of neural stem cells.

Inflammatory mediators, many of which activate the signaling of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), have received increasing attention in the field of neurogenesis. NFκB signaling regulates neurite outgrowth and neural plasticity as well as the proliferation/apoptosis and terminal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Early neurogenesis from NSCs produces identical progeny through symmetric division and committed daughter cells through asymmetric division.