Solvent Minimized Synthesis of Amides by Reactive Extrusion.

Herein, we report on the translation of a small scale ball-milled amidation protocol into a large scale continuous reactive extrusion process. Critical components to the successful translation were: a) understanding how the different operating parameters of a twin-screw extruder should be harnessed to control prolonged continuous operation, and b) consideration of the physical form of the input materials. The amidation reaction is applied to 36 amides spanning a variety of physical form combinations (liquid-liquid, solid-liquid and solid-solid).

Manual Chest PRESSURE During Direct Current Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Control Trial (PRESSURE-AF).

Background: Direct current cardioversion is frequently used to return patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm. Chest pressure during cardioversion may improve the efficacy of cardioversion through decreasing transthoracic impedance and increasing cardiac energy delivery.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of upfront chest pressure during direct current cardioversion for AF with anterior-posterior pad positioning.

Use of Microwave Dielectric Spectroscopy for the Assessment of Frustrated Lewis Pair Encounter Complexes.

Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) offer an important and promising paradigm for main group catalysis. Reported here is the use of microwave dielectric spectroscopy for the detection of FLP encounter complexes. This technique focuses on the room-temperature measurement of the loss component of microwave permittivity (ε) over the bandwidth from 0.

PReoperative very low-Energy diets for obese PAtients undergoing non-bariatric surgery Randomized Evaluation (PREPARE): a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Patients with obesity presenting in need of surgical intervention are at 2-to-sixfold higher risk of prolonged hospitalization, infectious morbidity, venous thromboembolism, and more. To mitigate some of these concerns, prescribed preoperative weight loss via very low-energy diets (VLEDs) has become a standard of care for patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. While VLEDs have become standard prior to bariatric surgery, their application in other surgical settings remains limited.

Fluorochemicals from fluorspar via a phosphate-enabled mechanochemical process that bypasses HF.

All fluorochemicals-including elemental fluorine and nucleophilic, electrophilic, and radical fluorinating reagents-are prepared from hydrogen fluoride (HF). This highly toxic and corrosive gas is produced by the reaction of acid-grade fluorspar (>97% CaF) with sulfuric acid under harsh conditions. The use of fluorspar to produce fluorochemicals via a process that bypasses HF is highly desirable but remains an unsolved problem because of the prohibitive insolubility of CaF.

Conversion between B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in perioperative risk assessment: protocol for a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Both B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-pro-BNP) are used to identify patients at risk of perioperative vascular events, but prognostic thresholds have been established in a large prospective cohort for NT-pro-BNP only. We designed this study to inform perioperative risk interpretation of BNP values. Our primary objective is to validate a formula to convert BNP to NT-pro-BNP concentrations before non-cardiac surgery.

The importance of anaesthesia in atrial fibrillation ablation: Comparing conscious sedation with general anaesthesia.

Background: General anaesthesia (GA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is often preferred over conscious sedation (CS) to minimize patient discomfort and reduce the risk of map disruption from patient movement but may pose an additional risk to some patients with significant comorbidity or poor cardiac function.

Methods: We extracted data for 300 patients who underwent AF ablation between the years 2017 and 2019 and compared the outcomes of AF ablation with CS and GA.

Results: Compared to the GA group, patients were younger in the CS group (63 versus 66 years, p = 0.

Remote monitoring in patients with heart failure with cardiac implantable electronic devices: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Remote monitoring (RM) of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is now the standard of care, but whether the demonstrated benefits of RM translate into improvements in heart failure (HF) management is controversial. This systematic review addresses the role of RM in patients with HF with a CIED.

Methods And Results: A systematic search of the literature for randomised clinical trials in patients with HF and a CIED assessing efficacy/effectiveness of RM was performed using MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase.

Binding Affinity of Concanavalin A to Native and Acid-Hydrolyzed Phytoglycogen Nanoparticles.

Phytoglycogen (PG) is a polysaccharide produced in the kernels of sweet corn as soft, highly branched, compact nanoparticles. Its tree-like or dendritic architecture, combined with a high-safety profile, makes PG nanoparticles attractive for use in biological applications, many of which rely on the association or binding of small biomolecules. We have developed a methodology to functionalize surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor surfaces with PG nanoparticles, and we demonstrate the utility of the PG-functionalized SPR sensor by measuring the binding affinity of the tetrameric concanavalin A (ConA) protein to both native PG nanoparticles and smaller, softer acid-hydrolyzed PG nanoparticles.

Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ) Position Statement on the Follow-Up of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices 2022.

Recognising the need for a national approach for the recommended best practice for the follow-up of implanted cardiac rhythm devices to ensure patient safety, this document has been produced by the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ). It draws on accepted practice standards and guidelines of international electrophysiology bodies. It lays out methodology, frequency, and content of follow-up, including remote monitoring; personnel, including physician, allied health, nursing and industry; paediatric and adult congenital heart patients; and special considerations including magnetic resonance imaging scanning, perioperative management, and hazard alerts.

Effect of Lipid Composition on the Inhibition Mechanism of Amiloride on Alamethicin Ion Channels in Supported Phospholipid Bilayers.

The inhibition effect of amiloride on alamethicin ion channels was studied in a model zwitterionic floating bilayer lipid membrane (fBLM). The EIS studies indicated that amiloride prevents the transport of ions through the alamethicin channels leading to an overall increase in membrane resistance. The PM-IRRAS data demonstrated that amiloride has no influence on the secondary structure of alamethicin but restricts the insertion of the peptides into the bilayer and blocks ion transport through preformed alamethicin channels.

Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients in Rural Australia: The MORACS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in rural settings involves thrombolysis followed by transfer to a percutaneous coronary intervention-capable hospital. The first step is accurate diagnosis via electrocardiography (ECG), but one-third of all STEMI incidents go unrecognized and hence untreated.

Objective: To reduce missed diagnoses of STEMI.

Continuous flow mechanochemistry: reactive extrusion as an enabling technology in organic synthesis.

Rapid and wide-ranging developments have established mechanochemistry as a powerful avenue in sustainable organic synthesis. This is primarily due to unique opportunities which have been offered in solvent-free - or highly solvent-minimised - reaction systems. Nevertheless, despite elegant advances in ball-milling technology, limitations in scale-up still remain.

Magnesium-Based Trigger Point Infiltrations Versus Local Anaesthetic Infiltrations in Chronic Pelvic Myofascial Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study.

Objective: To determine if a novel, magnesium-based trigger point infiltration formulation is more effective in treating chronic myofascial pelvic pain than lidocaine-only infiltration.

Methods: This was a single-centre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of women diagnosed with chronic pelvic myofascial pain associated with trigger points. We compared a novel magnesium-based infiltration formulation with lidocaine infiltration of trigger points and with a control group of participants who were waitlisted for a chronic pain clinic.

Scoping review of the association between postsurgical pain and heart rate variability parameters.

Surgical interventions can elicit neuroendocrine and sympathovagal responses, leading to cardiac autonomic imbalance. Cardiac complications account for approximately 30% of postoperative complications. Altered heart rate variability (HRV) was initially described in the 1970s as a predictor of acute coronary syndromes and has more recently been shown to be an independent predictor of postoperative morbidity and mortality after noncardiac surgery.

Trans*Forming Access and Care in Rural Areas: A Community-Engaged Approach.

Research indicates that rural transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations have a greater need for health services when compared with their urban counterparts, face unique barriers to accessing services, and have health disparities that are less researched than urban TGD populations. Therefore, the primary aim of this mixed-methods study ( = 24) was to increase research on the health care needs of TGD people in a rural Appalachian American context. This study was guided by a community-engaged model utilizing a community advisory board of TGD people and supportive parents of TGD children.

Investigating the efficacy of chest pressure for direct current cardioversion in atrial fibrillation: a randomised control trial protocol (Pressure-AF).

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia worldwide. Direct current cardioversion is commonly used to restore sinus rhythm in patients with AF. Chest pressure may improve cardioversion success through decreasing transthoracic impedance and increasing cardiac energy delivery.