Real-world data on ALK rearrangement test in Chinese advanced non-small cell lung cancer (RATICAL): a nationwide multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) test in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can help physicians provide target therapies for patients harboring ALK gene rearrangement. This study aimed to investigate the real-world test patterns and positive rates of ALK gene rearrangements in advanced NSCLC.

Methods: In this real-world study (ChiCTR2000030266), patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent an ALK rearrangement test in 30 medical centers in China between October 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Injectable hydrogel with doxorubicin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles for tumor postoperative treatments and wound repair.

The need for tumor postoperative treatments aimed at recurrence prevention and tissue regeneration have raised wide considerations in the context of the design and functionalization of implants. Herein, an injectable hydrogel system encapsulated with anti-tumor, anti-oxidant dual functional nanoparticles has been developed in order to prevent tumor relapse after surgery and promote wound repair. The utilization of biocompatible gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was geared towards localized therapeutic intervention.

Two case reports: EML4-ALK rearrangement large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and literature review.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) rearrangement is present in only approximately 5% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and is scarce in LCNEC patients. The conventional first-line treatment options are chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy or chemotherapy followed by palliative radiotherapy. In this report, we present two cases of metastatic LCNEC with EML4-ALK fusion that were treated with ALK-TKI inhibitors and demonstrated a rapid therapeutic response.

CT-based radiomics model to predict spread through air space in resectable lung cancer.

Background: Spread through air space (STAS) has been identified as a pathological pattern associated with lung cancer progression. Patients with STAS were related to a worse prognosis compared with patients without STAS. The objective of this study was to establish a radiomics model capable of forecasting STAS before surgery, which can assist surgeons in selecting the most appropriate operation type for patients with STAS.

Maturation and abundance of tertiary lymphoid structures are associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) existence is correlated with favorable prognosis in many types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, TLS formation and its relationship with treatment response remains unknown in NSCLC who received anti-PD-1 antibody plus chemotherapy as the neoadjuvant treatment (neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy). Here, we investigate TLS maturation and abundance in resectable NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant treatments.

[Study on the Biological Function of Abemecilib in Inhibiting the Proliferation, Invasion and
Migration of Small Cell Lung Cancer with High c-Myc Expression].

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with high c-Myc expression is prone to relapse and metastasis, leading to extremely low survival rate. Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor Abemaciclib plays a key role in the treatment of tumors, but the effects and mechanisms on SCLC remain unclear. This study was to analyze the effect and molecular mechanism of Abemaciclib in inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion of SCLC with high c-Myc expression, with a view to expanding a new direction for reducing the recurrence and metastasis.

Comprehensive analyses unveil novel genomic and immunological characteristics of micropapillary pattern in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) usually contains heterogeneous histological subtypes, among which the micropapillary (MIP) subtype was associated with poor prognosis while the lepidic (LEP) subtype possessed the most favorable outcome. However, the genomic features of the MIP subtype responsible for its malignant behaviors are substantially unknown. In this study, eight FFPE samples from LUAD patients were micro-dissected to isolate MIP and LEP components, then sequenced by whole-exome sequencing.

METTL3-induced DLGAP1-AS2 promotes non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis through mA/c-Myc-dependent aerobic glycolysis.

The critical roles of N-methyladenosine (mA) modification have been demonstrated by more and more evidence. However, the cross talk of mA and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis is still unclear. Here, this work focused on the functions and molecular mechanism of mA-modified lncRNA DLGAP1 antisense RNA 2 (DLGAP1-AS2) in NSCLC.

Case Report: Sarcoid-Like Reactions and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Following Dual Checkpoint Inhibition in a Patient with Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced sarcoid-like reactions and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are increasingly recognized but rarely reported in the same patient. We report a patient with lung adenocarcinoma who displayed sarcoid-like reactions in intrathoracic lymph nodes and tertiary lymphoid structures in surgical tumor after neoadjuvant therapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. Pathological examination revealed 50% residual tumor cells after treatment, and the CT evaluation of the primary tumor showed a stable disease.

Effectiveness of alectinib and osimertinib in a brain metastasized lung adenocarcinoma patient with concurrent EGFR mutations and DCTN1-ALK fusion.

The echinoderm microtubule associated protein-like 4 gene (EML4) encodes the predominant anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion partner in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1)-ALK rearrangement is extremely rare. The co-occurrence of primary epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation with EGFR exon 19 deletion (del) in patients with NSCLC is uncommon. Here we report a female lung adenocarcinoma patient with brain metastases and possible coexistence of primary EGFR T790M mutation/EGFR exon 19 del/DCTN1-ALK translocation.

A nomogram-based immune-serum scoring system predicts overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The immunoscore, which is used to quantify immune infiltrates, has greater relative prognostic value than tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage and might serve as a new system for classification of colorectal cancer. However, a comparable immunoscore for predicting lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis is currently lacking.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of 18 immune features by immunohistochemistry in 171 specimens.

A Case of Simultaneously Diagnosed Lung Adenocarcinoma and Endobronchial Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor with Two Distinct Types of ALK Translocation.

A 61-year-old male patient was simultaneously diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). The lung adenocarcinoma and IMT harbored two distinct types of ALK translocation, LOC101927285-ALK, and TPM3-ALK, respectively. The ALK Ventana showed strong positivity on both lesions.

A combination of tumor and molecular markers predicts a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Whether patients with stage IA-IIA lung adenocarcinoma require conventional chemotherapy is still a controversy. An ideal metastasis risk prediction model in lung adenocarcinoma is valuable for determining the prognosis and giving timely, individualized treatment.

Results: Analyzing the clinical cases of 153 lung adenocarcinoma patients using an χ test, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis, we selected the most valuable factors for determining metastasis and constructed metastasis prediction models.

A study of ALK-positive pulmonary squamous-cell carcinoma: From diagnostic methodologies to clinical efficacy.

Background: High concordance has been observed between Ventana D5F3 ALK immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). However, whether a similar conclusion can be applied to lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LSCC) has remained unclear. We therefore evaluated the ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) status and the therapeutic effect of an ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in IHC- or FISH-positive LSCC.

Clinical Significance of 4L Lymph Node Dissection in Left Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic impact of 4L lymph node (LN) dissection in left lung cancer and to analyze the relative risk factors for 4L LN metastasis.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 657 patients with primary left lung cancer who underwent surgical pulmonary resection from January 2005 to December 2009. One hundred thirty-nine patients underwent 4L LN dissection (4L group); the other 518 patients did not receive 4L LN dissection (4L group).

Cisplatin resistance in lung cancer is mediated by MACC1 expression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation.

One of the major obstacles hindering the treatment of lung cancer (LC) is chemoresistance; however, its mechanism remains unclear. The overexpression of the metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) gene has been demonstrated to reverse chemoresistance. In the current study, the expression of MACC1 in LC cells with cisplatin resistance (Cis-Re) was investigated.

MicroRNA-130b targets PTEN to induce resistance to cisplatin in lung cancer cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

More and more studies indicate the relevance of miRNAs in inducing certain drug resistance. Our study aimed to investigate whether microRNA-130b-3p (miR-130b) mediates the chemoresistance as well as proliferation of lung cancer (LC) cells. MTS assay and apoptosis analysis were conducted to determine cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively.

Is MPP a good prognostic factor in stage III lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR exon 19 mutation?

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein encoded by a gene located in the short arm of chromosome 7. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of classic EGFR exon mutation in Chinese patients with TMN stage III lung adenocarcinoma who received radical surgery. A total of 1,801 lung adenocarcinomas were analyzed for mutations in EGFR; 35% exhibited mutation of classic EGFR exons.

Platelet-lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic factor in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer.

Aim: As the prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is unclear in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), this study assessed the importance of these factors was in this patient subset.

Patients & Methods: In 173 patients with primary ALK-positive NSCLC at pathological stages I-IV, neutrophil, platelet, lymphocyte, D-dimer and eosinophil levels were recorded before starting treatment.

Results: The patients' median NLR and PLR values were 2.

T1aN0M0 and T1bN0M0 non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study of the prognosis.

Background: Stage IA of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is divided into two subgroups, T1aN0M0 (d ≤ 2 cm) and T1bN0M0 (2 < d ≤ 3 cm), in the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, seventh edition of TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors.

Objective: The purpose of this study was the identification of independent clinicopathological predictors of prognosis of these two subgroups of NSCLC.

Methods: Between 1986 and 2005, a cohort of 1,929 cases of stage IA NSCLC in Tian Jin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.

Correlation of activated STAT3 expression with clinicopathologic features in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, a member of the STAT family of transcription factors in the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT signaling pathway, is involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. STAT3 is activated through phosphorylation (p-STAT3) and is highly expressed in many malignancies. The aims of the present study were to evaluate STAT3 activation (p-STAT3 protein levels) in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and to investigate its correlation with clinicopathologic features of these malignancies.

Comparison of KRAS and EGFR gene status between primary non-small cell lung cancer and local lymph node metastases: implications for clinical practice.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have been widely used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KRAS and EGFR somatic mutations in NSCLC may predict resistance and responsiveness to TKI, respectively. Nevertheless, most research to date has been conducted on samples from primary tumors.

[Relationship between EGFR and K-ras mutations and clinicopathological characteristics and response to erlotinib treatment in 301 Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To investigate gene mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and K-ras in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinicopathological significance, and to analyze the correlation between these mutations and tumor response to erlotinib treatment.

Methods: Mutations of exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the EGFR and codons 12, 13 of the K-ras in 301 cases of NSCLC were detected by PCR-amplification and gene sequencing. The relationship between the mutations and clinicopathological characteristics of the 301 patients was analyzed.

[Expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor in non-small cell lung cancer and its significance].

Objective: To investigate the mRNA and proten expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in the corresponding normal lung tissue, para-neoplastic tissue and lung cancer tissue, and the correlation of CAR expression with the carcinogenesis as well as the expression difference in various clinicopathologic parameters.

Methods: The expression of CAR mRNA and protein in the samples from 32 lung cancer patients was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results: The expression level of CAR mRNA and protein in normal lung tissue, paraneoplastic tissue and cancer tissue were 1.

[Value of thyroid transcription factor-1 in identification of the prognosis of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma].

Objective: To study the expression and clinical significance of cytokeratin subtypes CK7 and CK20 and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC), and to investigate the value of these factors in identification of the prognosis of BAC.

Methods: Eighty-one specimens of BAC resected during operation, 68 of non-mucinous type and 13 of mucinous type, underwent immunohistochemical examination to detect the expression of CK7, CK20, and TTF-1. The value of these 3 factors in the identification of the prognosis of BAC was examined by survival analysis.