Voluntary Field Recall of Advanced Bionics HiRes Cochlear Implants: A Single-Institution Experience.

Objectives: In 2020, Advanced Bionics (AB) announced a recall of two cochlear implant (CI) models, the "HiRes Ultra" and "HiRes Ultra 3D", because of reports of hearing degradation. The present study examines clinical parameters and patient features in cases of device failure and evaluates outcomes after reimplantation.

Materials And Methods: A series of 52 patients implanted with the recalled devices experienced suspected device failure and subsequently underwent revision CI placement at a tertiary academic medical center between December 2019 and November 2021.

Hearing Stability in Patients With Unilateral Hearing Loss Due to Congenital CMV.

Objective: To determine the incidence and severity of progressive hearing loss in both ears in a population of longitudinally-tracked patients with unilateral hearing loss due to congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV). By determining the natural history of unilateral hearing loss due to cCMV infection, we aim to facilitate therapeutic recommendations.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Association of perioperative ibuprofen exposure with post-tonsillectomy bleeding requiring operative management.

Introduction: Pediatric tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in the United States. The safety of ibuprofen use after surgery is debated given concern for increased bleeding. The primary objective of this study was to compare the rate of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage requiring operative management in patients who received ibuprofen perioperatively vs.

Assessment of Pain and Analgesic Use in Children Following Otologic Surgery.

Objective: To compare postoperative pain and analgesic use in children following transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) vs non-transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (non-TEES).

Study Design: Prospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Pediatric, Family-Centered, "At-Home" Otologic Physical Examination in the COVID-19 Era.

SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus resulting in the present COVID-19 pandemic, has increased the otolaryngologist's reliance on telemedicine to manage outpatient pathology. The nature of telemedicine, however, limits a provider's ability to obtain a comprehensive physical examination, specifically of the tympanic membrane. Various smartphone-based otoscopic attachments are now available that facilitate patient-obtained otoscopic image capture of the tympanic membrane.

Cognitive and Behavioral Functioning in Hearing-Impaired Children with and without Language Delay.

Poor language development in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) may be related to an auditory deficit and/or other neurologic condition that influences the ability to communicate. A retrospective chart review of children (mean age = 4.0 years) with congenital, bilateral SNHL was performed to assess for linguistic and nonlinguistic neurodevelopmental differences between those who were language-impaired (LI) versus non-language-impaired (NLI).

Leveraging Existing Tools in Electronic Health Record Systems to Automate Clinical Registry Compilation.

Clinical registries have proven beneficial by providing a resource to address research questions, monitor care, and identify suitable subjects for clinical studies. Despite a well-organized registry, population is often low because of the human capital required. The increasing prevalence of electronic medical health records provides the opportunity to integrate registry compilation into routine patient encounters.

Impact of cochlear abnormalities on hearing outcomes for children with cochlear implants.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of cochlear anomalies on hearing outcomes for pediatric patients with cochlear implants.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Utilization of diagnostic testing for pediatric sensorineural hearing loss.

Background/objective: Sensorineural hearing loss is a common diagnosis among children. The diagnostic workup varies widely among practitioners. This study's aim was to assess the utilization of diagnostic testing for SNHL and determine the yield of each test.

Validity, discriminative ability, and reliability of the hearing-related quality of life questionnaire for adolescents.

Objectives/hypothesis: The prevalence of hearing loss (HL) in adolescents has grown over the past decade, but hearing-related quality of life (QOL) has not been well-measured. We sought to develop a reliable, valid measure of hearing-related QOL for adolescents and the Hearing Environments And Reflection on Quality of Life (HEAR-QL).

Study Design: Multisite observational study.

Immunoglobulin A defines secretions from salivary tissue in post-Sistrunk procedure drainage.

Objectives: This was a pilot study to establish a protein difference between thyroglossal duct cyst fluid relative to oral saliva, in order to differentiate patients with residual thyroglossal cyst from those with salivary fistula in the case of post-Sistrunk procedure incisional drainage. Past immunohistochemistry studies on archived tissue blocks from post-Sistrunk procedure patients have shown MUC5AC to have elevated concentrations in thyroglossal duct relative to salivary tissue; secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) was also chosen as a candidate protein based on previously published reports of its increased concentration in saliva relative to respiratory secretions.

Design: Diagnostic tests were assessed.

Cochlear implantation in children with congenital X-linked deafness due to novel mutations in POU3F4 gene.

Objectives: We report novel mutations in the POU3F4 gene resulting in congenital X-linked deafness DFN3, and describe the results of cochlear implantation in 4 boys (3 siblings) followed for an average of 3.5 years.

Methods: The diagnosis of DFN3 was made in infant boys on the basis of the radiologic criteria of an underdeveloped modiolus, a wide cochlear fossette, and the presence of all cochlear turns.

Craniofacial and upper airway development.

Development of the craniofacial and upper airway structures is a complex choreography of mesenchymal and epithelial tissues responding to soluble growth factors and transcription factors in a tightly regulated sequence. Interruption of the development process or mutation of required transcription or growth factors leads to congenital anomalies of the facial and airway structures. Oftentimes, these patients suffer life-long consequences, require multiple medical and surgical interventions, and have significant associated morbidity and mortality.

Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition causes luminal narrowing and ring thickening in the cricoid cartilage.

Objective: Luminal expansion of the cricoid cartilage appears to be stunted by loss of luminal epithelium (LE) and can be enhanced by transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-beta3). When both the LE and perichondrium are disrupted, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels within adjacent chondrocytes are diminished but can be restored by exogenous TGF-beta3. Cricoid growth stunting and luminal expansion that occur in the absence and presence of MMP activity, respectively, suggest that MMPs play an important role in normal subglottal development.

Developmental aspects of the upper airway: report from an NHLBI Workshop, March 5-6, 2009.

The upper airway serves three important functions: respiration, swallowing, and speech. During development it undergoes significant structural and functional changes that affect its size, shape, and mechanical properties. Abnormalities of the upper airway require prompt attention, because these often alter ventilatory patterns and gas exchange, particularly during sleep when upper airway motor tone and ventilatory drive are diminished.

Inflammatory cytokine response to injury in the aging rabbit subglottis.

Objectives: We performed a pilot study to determine whether there is an age-related change in inflammatory expression in the subglottic mucosa of rabbits in response to a one-time injury.

Methods: Twenty-seven rabbits of 3 different ages meant to represent infant, adolescent, and adult stages underwent a unilateral, subglottic soft tissue injury. The animal groups were allowed to heal for 3 different durations to reflect the early, middle, and late stages of inflammation.

Drainage post-thyroglossal duct remnant surgery: possible source and analysis.

Objective: To establish the distance between tongue base salivary tissue and hyoid. Also, to identify protein differences between thyroglossal duct (TGD) remnants and salivary tissue in order to distinguish drainage source post Sistrunk surgery.

Methods/setting: The anterior neck block was obtained from 10 adult cadavers with no known neck pathology.

Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 are concentrated in the luminal aspect of the cricoid cartilage, diminish with loss of perichondrium, and are reinstated by transforming growth factor beta 3.

Objectives: We determined the location of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9, and whether the luminal perichondrium or transforming growth factor (TGF) beta3 influences the presence of MMP-2 and/or -9 within the chondrocytes of the cricoid cartilage.

Methods: Subglottises from 15 neonatal mice were divided into group A (N = 5; luminal epithelium intact, grown in basic medium), group B (N = 5; epithelium-free, with sections of luminal perichondrium removed, grown in basic medium), and group C (N = 5; epithelium-free, with sections of luminal perichondrium removed, grown in basic medium with supplemental TGF-beta3). Immunohistochemical analysis was done to identify MMP-2 and -9 distributions.

Transforming growth factor beta3 increases chondrocyte proliferation and decreases apoptosis in murine cricoid cartilage in vitro.

Objective: To determine if the luminal epithelium and/or exogenous transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) affects growth of the cricoid.

Design: Subglottises from 20 neonatal mice were subdivided into four groups: A, five subglottises with luminal epithelium grown in basic medium; B, five epithelium-free subglottises in basic medium; C, five epithelium-free subglottises in basic medium with supplemental TGFbeta1, and D, five epithelium-free subglottises in basic medium with supplemental TGFbeta3.

Results: Groups A and D demonstrated the greatest luminal area expansion.

Local control of murine subglottis development.

Objective: To determine if subglottic development is at least partially under local control and to determine which tissue layer(s) is predominantly responsible.

Design: The suglottises of 12 day-3 CD1 mice were grown in whole organ culture. The 12 subglottises were divided into 3 individual groups: +++, -++, and ---.

Age-related mechanisms of cricoid cartilage response to injury in the developing rabbit.

Objective: To evaluate age-related mechanisms of cricoid cartilage response to injury in an animal model.

Study Design: A pilot study using monoclonal antibodies to chondrocyte proliferation markers collagen II, aggrecan, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to evaluate age-related response of injured cricoid cartilage.

Methods: Twenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits aged 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 1.

Pediatric non-orbital pseudotumor of the head and neck.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, sites of presentation, and treatment outcome of non-orbital pseudotumor of the head and neck in the pediatric population.

Methods: 10-year retrospective case series at a tertiary care center. All patients 18 years of age and younger with non-orbital pseudotumor of the head and neck evaluated and treated at our institution over the study period (1990-2000) were identified through the Systematic Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) database with the keyword 'pseudotumor'.