Evaluation of post-operative foveal location and microstructural changes after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Background: Patients who had successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery often complained of metamorphopsia due to postoperative fovea displacement and alteration of the foveal microstructure. The papillo-foveal distance (PFD) is correlated bilaterally. Therefore, PFD from the fellow healthy eye could be used to determine the change of foveal position in eyes with successful RRD repair.

The story of staying out of normal routine life in adolescent mothers in marginal areas in Urmia through the Lenz of conventional content analysis approach.

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a main health concern in relation to adolescent mothers and their neonates especially in deprived areas.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the experiences of adolescent mothers who live in deprived marginal areas in Urmia in Iran.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2022-2023 using the conventional content analysis approach.

Adherence and barriers to Mediterranean diet in Tunisian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

The burden of non alcoolic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is globally increasing. While crucial for management, NAFLD patient adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is underexplored, especially in Mediterranean countries such as Tunisia. A prospective study (Nov 2022-Feb 2023) supervised MD introduction by a nutritionist, evaluated adherence with MEDAS scores (≥10 for good compliance), and explored barriers to good adherence.

Prevalence and prognosis of Computed-Tomography defined sarcopenia in Tunisian cirrhotic patients.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is an underdiagnosed and understudied complication of cirrhosis, especially in patients not undergoing liver transplantation.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and prognostic impact of radiological sarcopenia in non-transplanted cirrhotic patients.

Methods: Longitudinal retrospective study including cirrhotic patients explored by an abdominal CT scan, over a period of 6 years, in a single gastroenterology department in Tunisia.

Origin of mysterious geothermal gas emissions in the middle of the Western Desert, stable shelf area, Dakhla Oasis, Egypt.

This work responds to what was reported in various audio-visual media channels and to queries and explanations from individuals and local residents on the causes of gaseous and thermal emissions from the Earth near the vicinity of the village of Al-Hindaw in Dakhla city, New Valley Governorate, Egypt. At the location of the fume exit area, magnetic, seismic, and electromagnetic geophysical investigations were carried out to identify the factor(s) responsible for the event in question. Rock samples were collected and studied geochemically and radiographically to assess their chemical compositions, as well as the quantity of organic chemicals that may have contributed to the burning and temperature increase.

Maastrichtian Anoxia and Its Influence on Organic Matter and Trace Metal Patterns in the Southern Tethys Realm of Egypt during Greenhouse Variability.

Maastrichtian organic-rich sediments of Egypt were deposited under a warm greenhouse climate along the stable African shelf. This study presents an integrated analysis of the geochemical, mineralogical, and palynological data from Maastrichtian organic-rich sediments in the northwest Red Sea region of Egypt. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of anoxia on the enrichment of organic matter and trace metals and to reconstruct a model for the formation of these sediments.

Visual function and retinal morphological changes after single suprachoroidal delivery of fluocinolone acetonide (Iluvien®) implant in eyes with chronic diabetic macular edema.

Background: To assess the efficacy and safety of supra-choroidal (SC) Iluvien in the management of chronic diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: A retrospective interventional non-comparative consecutive case series including patients with chronic DME who received an SC Iluvien implant. All patients had persistent central macular thickness (CMT) ≥ 300µ after previous treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents or laser photocoagulation.

A customized regimen of intravitreal aflibercept for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to different chorioretinal diseases.

Background: To assess the response of CNV secondary to chorioretinal diseases to IVA and to explore the adequate dosing regimen and the long-term results.

Methods: A retrospective study including patients with treatment-naïve active CNV secondary to chorioretinal diseases. All patients received an initial IVA injection followed by a PRN regimen.

Risk factors associated to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in patients attending the deido district hospital of Douala - Cameroon.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. In Cameroon, the prevalence is estimated at 150 cases/100,000 inhabitants or 6000 cases out of an estimated population of 3 million.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with MDR-TB at Deido District Hospital located in the littoral region of Cameroon.

Endophthalmitis Secondary to Occult Intraocular Eyelashes Following Perforating Gunshot Injury: A Case Report.

Purpose: This is a retrospective case report in which we describe our findings in two cases of endophthalmitis associated with perforating gunshot injury, in which we documented intraocular intrusion of multiple eyelashes as a plausible source of infection.

Patients And Methods: Two male patients, 22 and 29 years old, respectively, presented with endophthalmitis following primary repair of rupture globe secondary to gunshot injury. Both patients had vitrectomy and silicone oil injection.

Multi-layer internal limiting membrane plug technique for management of large full-thickness macular holes.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of the multi-layer internal limiting membrane plug (MIP) technique in promoting the closure of large full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) and improvement of visual function.

Methods: A prospective interventional non-comparative consecutive case series including patients with surgically naïve large FTMH whether primary or secondary. All macular holes were > 400 µm.

Therapeutic drug monitoring of teriflunomide: do plasma concentrations predict response to leflunomide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

Objectives: Leflunomide is a commonly used treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. It acts by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase through its active metabolite teriflunomide. The objective of the study was to investigate the relation between plasma-concentration of teriflunomide and disease-activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Efficacy and Action of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring as Understood by Women Participating in an Open Label Extension Study.

The concept of efficacy, and how HIV prevention products biologically work can be complex. We report on women's interpretation of efficacy of the dapivirine vaginal ring and how they understood it to work to prevent HIV during the MTN-025/HOPE study through data collected from individual in-depth interviews. Ten women at each of the 6 HOPE research sites in Lilongwe, Malawi; Durban (2 sites) and Johannesburg, South Africa; Kampala, Uganda; and Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe, were enrolled (n = 60).

Effect of pneumatic vitreolysis in management of patients with symptomatic focal vitreomacular traction.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of single intravitreal injection of an expansile concentration of sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) in treating patients with symptomatic focal vitreomacular traction (VMT) documented by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) preoperatively.

Methods: This is a prospective interventional case series including 30 eyes of 29 patients with symptomatic focal VMT evident on SD-OCT. Pre-operatively, mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/125 (range 20/400-20/40).

Anatomical and Functional Outcomes of Vitrectomy with/without Intravitreal Methotrexate Infusion for Management of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Secondary to Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To assess the anatomical and functional outcomes of intravitreal infusion of methotrexate (MTX) during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: Comparative interventional nonrandomized study including consecutive patients who had vitrectomy for RRD. The study included six groups.

Pars plana vitrectomy with/without encircling scleral band for treatment of retinal detachment associated with buphthalmos.

Background: To evaluate the results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil (SO) tamponade with or without encircling scleral band for repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in children with buphthalmos.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective comparative nonrandomized interventional case series including consecutive patients who underwent PPV with or without encircling band and SO tamponade for RRD associated with buphthalmos.

Results: The study included 19 eyes of 19 children.

Multimodal imaging of macular telangiectasia type 2 in a pediatric patient.

Purpose: To describe findings of multimodal imaging in non-proliferative and proliferative stages of MacTel 2 in a pediatric patient, and results of aflibercept use for treating neovascularization secondary to MacTel 2.

Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: An 11-year-old girl with no history of systemic disease.

Long-Term Outcome After Silicone Oil Removal in Eyes with Myopic Retinal Detachment Associated with Macular Hole.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and silicone oil tamponade for management of myopic retinal detachment associated with macular hole (MRDMH) and to assess the anatomical and functional outcomes of this technique and its long-term validity after silicone oil removal.

Methods: Retrospective interventional non-comparative case series including consecutive patients who had PPV and silicone oil tamponade for MRDMH. All patients had an axial length ≥26 mm.

Customized Slab-Segmentation Method for Projection-Artifact Elimination in Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy: A Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of customized slab segmentation in eliminating projection artifacts in swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) images of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD).

Methods: Prospective case series including different stages of BVMD. We analyzed SS-OCTA images for flow signals in the outer retina and coregistered B-scan images for distortion of the segmentation slabs defining the outer retina.

Results of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Different Types of Macular Holes.

Purpose: To compare different types of macular holes regarding the anatomic and functional success following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with macular holes treated by PPV, ILM removal with gas tamponade from January 2014 to July 2017 in Magrabi Eye Hospital.

Results: One hundred fifty-seven eyes of 153 patients were analyzed.

Optical Coherence Tomography Morphological Features Following Modified Internal Limiting Membrane Surgical Technique In Traumatic Macular Holes.

Objective: To describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in terms of macular hole closure and ellipsoid zone (EZ) recovery following modified internal limiting membrane (ILM) surgical technique in traumatic macular holes (TMH).

Methods: The study was a retrospective case series that recruited 16 consecutive patients with TMH. Following vitrectomy (PPV), we performed modified ILM surgical technique (IFT) in which ILM peel was stopped at the edges of the hole forming a floating ILM flap.

Grading of macular perfusion in retinal vein occlusion using en-face swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography: a retrospective observational case series.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of swept -source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in grading macular perfusion in retinal vein occlusion.

Methods: Retrospective observational case series including patients with different types of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). SS-OCTA utilizes OCTARA algorithm to examine the retinal vascular plexuses for the presence of morphological signs of ischemia according to a predetermined grading scheme.