Tumor Microenvironment Biomarkers Correlated with Proliferative Activity and Immune Response in Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Exploring Variations in Different Age Groups.

Introduction: Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) are non-gastrointestinal sarcomas originating from Cajal-like cells. Recent studies show the tumor microenvironment is crucial and highlight the importance of intra-tumoral leukocyte populations in malignancies, which are greatly impacting treatment strategies in EGISTs.

Aim And Objectives: This study aims to characterize intra-tumoral leukocyte populations in EGISTs, correlating proliferative index (ki67) with leukocyte density and examining age-related effects on proliferative activity and immune response.

Neurobiological Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Inferior Frontal Gyrus: A Systematic Review on Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy and Neurological Adults.

The neurobiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have still not been unequivocally clarified. Some studies have suggested that the application of tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) enhances different aspects of cognition in healthy and neurological individuals, exerting neural changes over the target area and its neural surroundings. In this systematic review, randomized sham-controlled trials in healthy and neurological adults were selected through a database search to explore whether tDCS over the IFG combined with cognitive training modulates functional connectivity or neural changes.

Type II pleuropulmonary blastoma in a fetus: case report of a rare mesenchymal mediastinal tumor and literature review.

Mediastinal tumors are exceedingly rare during fetal development, presenting significant diagnostic challenges and potentially leading to severe outcomes such as stillbirth or metastatic disease if not promptly identified and managed. Pleuropulmonary blastomas are primitive mesenchymal tumors often linked to mutations in the DICER1 gene, indicating a hereditary pattern associated with other common adult neoplasms with dominant inheritance. This report describes a case involving a 20-year-old Caucasian woman whose pregnancy was complicated by a stillbirth in the second trimester.

Upgrade Rate and Predictive Factors Associated With Breast Papillary Lesions on Core Biopsy: A Canadian Experience.

Papillary lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group, encompassing a wide range of lesions. The histologic distinction between papillary breast lesions remains challenging, especially on core biopsy specimens. This study aimed to determine the rate of upgrade to atypia or malignancy of biopsy-proven papillary lesions on surgical follow-up and to assess for factors associated with an upgrade in Greater Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Morphological and immunohistochemical diagnostic of extragastrointestinal stromal tumors - a 51 case series analysis.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract, originating from structures differentiating towards Cajal cells. Due to their morphology and localization, the extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) can be a diagnostic challenge. We investigated a series of 51 EGISTs diagnosed in our institutions, aiming to explore the immunophenotypes and to analyze the process and the utility of the antibodies required for a positive diagnosis.

Small cell variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and molecular-genetic analysis of 10 cases.

The morphologic diversity of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) is well-known. Aside from typical morphology, pigmented adenomatoid, multicystic and papillary patterns have been described. Ten cases of CHRCC composed of small cell population in various percentages were analysed, using morphologic parameters, immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma with prominent microvascular hyperplasia: Morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular-genetic analysis of 7 sporadic cases.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is well known for intratumor heterogeneity. An accurate mapping of the tumor is crucial for assessing prognosis, and perhaps this can be linked to potential success/failure of targeted therapies. We assembled a cohort of 7 CCRCCs with prominent vasculature and microvascular hyperplasia (ccRCCPV), resembling those seen in high grade gliomas.

COVID-19 Infection and Recurrent Stroke in Young Patients With Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report.

Introduction: Protein S deficiency and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are rare etiologies of ischemic stroke. We describe a case of an ischemic stroke revealing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a patient with a history of protein S deficiency and cerebral imaging suggestive of vasculitis.

Case Report: A 52-year-old woman, with history of protein S deficiency, was admitted for right hemiparesis and aphasia that happened 6 hours before her consultation.

The role of glomerular morphometric features in pediatric podocytopathies - a single center study.

Podocytopathies represent a well-studied subgroup of glomerulopathies, being characterized by proteinuria due to damage or dysfunction of podocytes. Glomerular size in podocytopathies has been studied in different population, but only a few studies take in consideration the pediatric population. There are different methods to assess the glomerular size, but most of the studies report the maximal profile area as being the most accurate one.

The Schedule for Evaluating Persistent Symptoms (SEPS): a new method of recording medically unexplained symptoms.

Background: Medically unexplained symptoms are difficult to measure and in most cases the diagnosis is made either from independent data such as consultants' opinions or medical outcomes, or by proxy measures such as numbers of symptoms or consultations. A valid self-rated measure would be of value in assessing this highly prevalent condition.

Aims: To describe a new scale of nine items, the Schedule for Evaluation of Persistent Symptoms (SEPS), its properties, its internal consistency, its distribution in a sample of 470 medical patients, its relationship to social functioning and health anxiety (hypochondriasis), and its construct validity by comparing its results with an independent diagnostic examination of each patient's notes two years subsequent to assessment.