Value-Rich Exposures in Medical Education; Synthesizing the Concept.

Introduction: Proper transfer of professional values is an essential part of medical education. Real-life experiences in the educational process are one of the most effective methods for achieving values and assisting students in developing their value framework. This study aimed to develop and characterize the concept of value-rich exposures in medical education to bring this concept closer to the practice.

A Virtual Instructional Design Improved Breaking Bad News in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents.

Objective: Breaking bad news to the patient is challenging, especially for the physicians and the residents, due to the lack of structured and practical training. This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel virtual instructional design for improving obstetrics and gynecology (Ob/Gyn) residents breaking bad news skills.

Materials And Methods: Virtual instructional design was performed based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) from September 2020 to July 2021 at the Department of Ob/Gyn, a referral hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.

Ethics Education in Medical Sciences; A National Descriptive Survey.

Historically, teaching medical ethics was always an important educational objective; however, the educational strategies to fulfill this goal varied in different times and areas. In the past two decades, teaching ethics has become an important part of the core curriculum of medical sciences in IRAN; however, ethics is relatively a newcomer to the undergraduate curriculum of medical sciences. This study aimed to evaluate the current status of teaching ethics in medical sciences in Iran.

The Localization, development and validation of a survey instrument to assess attitudes toward professionalism based on the opinions of clinical teachers.

Background: This study examined the validation of a survey instrument to assess attitudes toward professionalism based on the opinions of clinical teachers in Iran and localized it.

Methods: The research is applied-descriptive, that is conducted in two stages: qualitative and quantitative. Fifteen expert professors in the field of professionalism from Iranian universities of medical sciences participated in qualitative stage by Delphi.

Ethical challenges of cord blood banks: a scoping review.

Cord blood is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells used to treat many diseases of blood origin. Thus, storage banks were created to store and provide umbilical cord cells. With the development of diagnostic and therapeutic technologies and techniques in medicine, ethical issues have also become more widespread and complex.

Value-rich exposures in medical education: phenomenology of practice according to the lived experiences of medical students in Iran.

Values ​​predispose people to make the right and especially ethical decisions, and are important for good performance in medical sciences. Students' lived experiences and the value-rich exposures during their education are some effective means of achieving professional values that help them build their own value frameworks. In this phenomenology of practice study, we aimed to explore and describe the lived experiences of a sample of medical students in regarding their value-rich exposures.

Professional identity of medical students: Proposing a Meta Static Structural Model.

Introduction: The realization of professionalism and its desirable consequences, as the most important goal of medical education, primarily depends on identifying the process and mechanism of the professional identity formation, which in turn requires the accurate identification of components and structure of the concept of professional identity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to synthesize a static structural model for professional identity, based on the results of our previous research.

Methods: In this study the theory or model construction methodology was used to synthesize a static structural model of professional identity formation for medical students.

Medical students' value-rich exposures in clinical setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Exposing medical students to real-world situations and clinical practice experiences during their education years can help them build their professional value frameworks. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most challenging conditions that medical students have experienced; however, this pandemic have provided value-rich opportunities assisting in development and enhancement of their professional identity. This commentary aimed to emphasize the importance of medical students' exposure to clinical practice during the pandemic and the potential that such encounters provide for internalizing values.

What is hidden in hidden curriculum? a qualitative study in medicine.

The hidden curriculum is considered to be between the designed and experienced curricula. One of the challenges that medical educators face is to understand what students learn in real clinical settings. The aim of the present study was to answer this question: What is hidden in hidden medical curriculum? This study was a qualitative content analysis.

Ethics of research on stem cells and regenerative medicine: ethical guidelines in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: Regenerative medicine plays a major role in biomedicine, and given the ever-expanding boundaries of this knowledge, numerous ethical considerations have been raised.

Main Text: Rapid advancement of regenerative medicine science and technology in Iran, emerged the Iranian National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research to develop a comprehensive national ethical guideline. Therefore, the present ethical guideline which comprises eleven chapters was developed in 2019 and approved in early 2020.

Professional socialization: an analytical definition.

Professional socialization is defined as a process through which a person becomes a legitimate member of a professional society. This will have a great impact on an individual's professional conduct and morality. The aim of this study was to clarify this concept and reduce the ambiguities around it.

A comprehensive model of hidden curriculum management in medical education.

Introduction: Hidden curriculum plays a main role in professional learning, formation of professional identity, socialization, moral development and learning values, attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge in learners, so it needs to be managed. Although the majority of the theorists believe in the existence of a hidden curriculum and its greater effect and sustainability compared to the formal curriculum; none has proposed a comprehensive model or approach for its management. This study aimed to design a hidden curriculum management model in medical education.

Applying an Ethical Framework to Herbal Medicine.

Herbal medicines make a vital contribution to healthcare globally, but from production through to practice, there are ethical challenges that require attention. Ethical challenges are often analysed through application of an ethical framework because this can facilitate a consistent and structured approach. In healthcare, the most commonly used framework over recent decades has been that of the four principles: beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice.

A conceptual model of physician-patient relationships: a qualitative study.

In any clinical encounter, an effective physician-patient relationship is necessary for achieving the desired outcome. This outcome is successful treatment, and therefore, the relationship should be a healing one. In addition, in the Islamic view, the physician is a manifestation of God's healing attribute, which is usually undermined in everyday therapeutic communications.

Embryo donation in Iran: an ethical review.

Iran is the only Muslim country that has legislation on embryo donation, adopted in 2003. With an estimated 10-15% of couples in the country that are infertile, there are not any legal or religious barriers that prohibit an infertile couple from taking advantage of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs). Although all forms of ARTs available in Iran have been legitimized by religious authorities, there is a lack of legislation in all ARTs except embryo donation.