The Computerized General Neuropsychological INPH Test revealed improvement in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus after shunt surgery.

Objective: The Computerized General Neuropsychological INPH Test (CoGNIT) provides the clinician and the researcher with standardized and accessible cognitive assessments in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). CoGNIT includes tests of memory, executive functions, attention, manual dexterity, and psychomotor speed. Investigations of the validity and reliability of CoGNIT have been published previously.

Incidence and outcome of surgery for adult hydrocephalus patients in Sweden.

Object: To present population-based and age related incidence of surgery and clinical outcome for adult patients operated for hydrocephalus, registered in the Swedish Hydrocephalus Quality Registry (SHQR).

Methods: All patients registered in SHQR during 2004-2011 were included. Data on age, gender, type of hydrocephalus and type of surgery were extracted as well as three months outcome for patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

Postural function in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus before and after shunt surgery: a controlled study using computerized dynamic posturography (EquiTest).

Introduction: Postural dysfunction is one of the major features of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). With computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) balance can be assessed objectively. The primary aim of this study was to describe the postural function in iNPH patients pre- and post-operatively in comparison with healthy individuals (HI) using CDP.

Preoperative and postoperative 1H-MR spectroscopy changes in frontal deep white matter and the thalamus in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Background: In a previous study we found significantly decreased N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and total N-acetyl (tNA) groups in the thalamus of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) compared with healthy individuals (HI). No significant difference between the groups could be found in the frontal deep white matter (FDWM).

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate if these metabolites in the thalamus were normalised after shunt surgery.

How active are patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and does activity improve after shunt surgery? A controlled actigraphic study.

Introduction: Actigraphy allows long-time evaluation of physical activity and resting behaviour in a normal environment. The aim of this study was, by use of actigraphy, to measure motor function, energy expenditure and resting/sleeping time in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients before and after surgery, and compare the results with healthy individuals (HI).

Subjects And Methods: 33 patients (mean 73 year) and 17 HI (mean 73 year) participated.

Implementation of a new CSF dynamic device: a multicenter feasibility study in 562 patients.

Objectives: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infusion test is frequently used when selecting hydrocephalus patients for shunt surgery. Very little has been reported regarding adverse events. We present a prospective feasibility study.

Reduced thalamic N-acetylaspartate in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a controlled 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of frontal deep white matter and the thalamus using absolute quantification.

Introduction: Patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) frequently have a reduction in cerebral blood flow in the subcortical frontal lobe/basal ganglia/thalamic areas. With magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the metabolism in the brain can be examined. The aim of this study was to investigate if there was a compromised metabolism in the thalamus and in the subcortical frontal areas in INPH patients.

5% lidocaine medicated plaster versus pregabalin in post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic polyneuropathy: an open-label, non-inferiority two-stage RCT study.

Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of 5% lidocaine medicated plaster with pregabalin in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) or painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN).

Study Design And Methods: This was a two-stage adaptive, randomized, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority study. Data are reported from the initial 4-week comparative phase, in which adults with PHN or painful DPN received either topical 5% lidocaine medicated plaster applied to the most painful skin area or twice-daily pregabalin capsules titrated to effect according to the Summary of Product Characteristics.

Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with 5% lidocaine medicated plaster and pregabalin in post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic polyneuropathy.

Objective: Neuropathic pain is often difficult to treat due to a complex pathophysiology. This study evaluated the efficacy, tolerability and safety of combination therapy with 5% lidocaine medicated plaster and pregabalin for neuropathic pain in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) or painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN).

Methods: Patients completing 4-week monotherapy with 5% lidocaine medicated plaster or pregabalin were enrolled in an 8-week combination phase.

Efficacy and safety of 5% lidocaine (lignocaine) medicated plaster in comparison with pregabalin in patients with postherpetic neuralgia and diabetic polyneuropathy: interim analysis from an open-label, two-stage adaptive, randomized, controlled trial.

Background And Objective: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) are two common causes of peripheral neuropathic pain. Typical localized symptoms can include burning sensations or intermittent shooting or stabbing pains with or without allodynia. Evidence-based treatment guidelines recommend the 5% lidocaine (lignocaine) medicated plaster or pregabalin as first-line therapy for relief of peripheral neuropathic pain.

Somatosensory abnormalities in atypical odontalgia: A case-control study.

Somatosensory function in patients with persistent idiopathic types of orofacial pain like atypical odontalgia (AO) is not well described. This study tested the hypothesis that AO patients have significantly more somatosensory abnormalities than age- and sex-matched controls. Forty-six AO patients and 35 controls participated.

Comparison of clinical findings and psychosocial factors in patients with atypical odontalgia and temporomandibular disorders.

Aims: To systematically compare clinical findings and psychosocial factors between patients suffering from atypical odontalgia (AO) and an age- and gender-matched group of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Methods: Forty-six AO patients (7 men and 39 women; mean age, 56 years) were compared with 41 TMD patients (8 men and 33 women; mean age, 58 years).

Results: Mean pain intensity at the time of inclusion in the study was similar between the groups (TMD: 5.

Experienced dilemmas of everyday life in chronic neuropathic pain patients--results from a critical incident study.

Neuropathic pain is a disabling chronic condition with limited therapeutic options. Few studies have addressed patient's experience and strategies. The aim of this study was to explore dilemmas experienced in order to improve care and rehabilitation.

Clinical findings and psychosocial factors in patients with atypical odontalgia: a case-control study.

Aim: To provide a systematic description of clinical findings and psychosocial factors in patients suffering from atypical odontalgia (AO).

Methods: Forty-six consecutive AO patients (7 men and 39 women; mean age, 56 years; range, 31 to 81 years) were compared with 35 control subjects (11 men and 24 women; mean age, 59 years; range, 31 to 79 years).

Results: The pain of the AO patients was characterized by persistent, moderate pain intensity (mean, 5.

Effect of local anesthesia on atypical odontalgia--a randomized controlled trial.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of lidocaine in a double-blind, controlled multi-center study on patients with atypical odontalgia (AO)--a possible orofacial neuropathic pain condition. Thirty-five consecutive AO patients (range 31-81 years) with a mean pain duration of 7.2 years (range 1-30 years) were recruited from four different orofacial pain clinics in Sweden.

Blink reflexes in patients with atypical odontalgia.

Aims: To use the human blink reflex (BR) to explore possible neuropathic pain mechanisms in patients with atypical odontalgia (AO).

Methods: In 13 AO patients, the BR was elicited using a concentric electrode and recorded bilaterally with surface electromyographic (EMG) electrodes on both orbicularis oculi muscles. Electrical stimuli were applied to the skin above branches of the V1, V2, and V3 nerves and to the V branch contralateral to the painful branch.

Pharmacologic interventions in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, atypical facial pain, and burning mouth syndrome. A qualitative systematic review.

Aims: To carry out a systematic review of the literature in order to assess the pain-relieving effect and safety of pharmacologic interventions in the treatment of chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD), including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as atypical facial pain (AFP), and burning mouth syndrome (BMS).

Methods: Study selection was based on randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Inclusion criteria included studies on adult patients (> or = 18 years) with TMD, RA of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), AFP, or BMS and a pain duration of > 3 months.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic pain.

Background: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is used in a variety of different clinical settings to treat a range of different acute and chronic pain conditions and has become popular with both patients and health professionals.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of TENS in chronic pain.

Search Strategy: The Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, CINAHL and The Oxford Pain Database were searched.

Central poststroke pain: correlation of MRI with clinical pain characteristics and sensory abnormalities.

Objective: To correlate MRI and sensory changes in patients with spontaneous lesions in the cerebral "pain pathway."

Methods: The authors used MRI and quantitative somatosensory testing in 73 patients with central poststroke pain (CPSP) and in 13 patients with pain-free stroke with sensory deficit.

Results: Lesions in any part of the discriminatory somatosensory pathway may or may not produce CPSP.

Laser-evoked cerebral potentials and sensory function in patients with central pain.

Central pain syndromes (CPS) could be caused by disinhibition of spinothalamic excitability or by other central nervous system (CNS) changes caused by reduced spinothalamic function. To examine these possibilities, we studied 11 patients (ages 51-82 years) with unilateral central pain and with reproducible cerebral evoked vertex potentials in response to cutaneous stimulation of the normal side with pulses from an infra-red CO2 laser. All patients had normal tactile and kinesthetic sensation; one had slightly decreased vibratory sense bilaterally.